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PubMed1962

A 13-15/21 translocation chromosome in carrier father and mongol son.

Cytogenetic and dermatoglyphic features were studied in a family in which the mongoloid propositus inherited a 13-15/21 translocation chromosome from his father. Seven other healthy male carriers scattered throughout the pedigree produced nine chromosomally normal children and five carrier children in addition to the mongoloid propositus. These results show that carrier males do not necessarily produce an unusually large proportion of carrier children as previous reports would indicate. Dermatoglyphic studies showed that translocation carriers in this family have neither significantly more centralized nor less centralized palmar axial triradii than non-carrier relatives. No direct evidence was therefore found for the hypothesis that an allele is present on chromosome 21 which influences the height of the triradius.

Asian People↗

PubMed1992

[Prognostic possibilities in genital endometriosis].

A total of 64 patients with genital endometriosis were examined. The reference group included 120 phenotypically healthy women. The dermatoglyphic pattern of patients with genital endometriosis was defined, pointing to a genetic predisposition to genital endometriosis and reflecting the risk of its development. Together with other clinical and laboratory criteria, the dermatoglyphic studies permit an early diagnosis of endometriosis.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

[Characteristics of body constitution and their relations to success in learning].

Somatotype, finger dermatoglyphic pattern type, emotional stability level and foreign languages learning successfulness have been analyzed in 297 male cadets (aged 17-20 years) of the Military Institute of Physical Training. The cadets studied most frequently belonged to macrosomal and mesosomal somatotypes. In the study of finger patterns, loops were found to be most common (61.5% of all the patterns), while ringlets (33.4%) and arc patterns (5.1%) were less frequent. The amount of ulnar loops increased, while that of ringlets became less in the direction from micro- to macrosomal type. Almost half (46.9%) of the cadets appeared to be ambiverts, 30.8% were intraverts and the rest were extraverts. Loop patterns on all the fingers to a greater extent were found in cadets with high level of neuroticism; the cadets having lower neuroticism level were characterized by a combinations of loops with arcs on the left hand and arcs with ringlets on the right one. The cadets differing in foreign language learning successfulness level were different in their dermatoglyphic patterns and, especially in the prevalence of pattern combinations. So, among the excellent pupils the loop-arc combinations were 2.7 times more common and combinations of all three types of patterns (arcs, loops, ringlets) were 1.4 times more common.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1979

[Inheritance of human fingerprints].

Polygenic threshold model of finger dermatoglyphics inheritance is worked out on the basis of family and population data. According to the model, ulnar loops are subthreshold patterns, which transforms into whorl or arch under the control of SU and SR gene complexes. Epistasis-hypostasis interactions take place between genes of SU and SR complexes. Classification of phenotypes for finger dermatoglyphics is offered and the frequency of these phenotypes in three populational samples of Kiev is studied.

Dermatoglyphics↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Genetic markers of individual predisposition to lung cancer].

The investigation concerning the dependence of cancer incidence on genetic HLA-markers and character of dermatoglyphs was carried out. The use of the pattern recognition method for multifactorial estimation of the above markers as well as the elimination of the main non-genetic oncogenic risk factors allowed obtaining the proof of the existence of the genetic predisposition to lung cancer. It was estimated that the character of dermatoglyphic prints is the most adequate marker for the investigated predisposition, and the reliable prediction of the genetic risk of the lung cancer development can be given as based on the joint evaluation of both markers.

Causality↗

PubMed1994

Genetic markers in coronary heart disease.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) was found to aggregate in families. So the present study aimed at studying certain genetic markers (lipoproteins, ABO blood groups and dermatoglyphics), in a group of 60 patients with CHD and a control group to detect any significant association between such genetics markers in this disorder. This can throw light on its genetics. The study revealed significant and marked association of CHD with low alpha-lipoprotein, high pre-beta and beta-lipoproteins. No significant association wa detected with ABO phenotypes. Definite significant association was also detected between CHD and certain dermatoglyphics phenotypes including FTP, T-D count and palm patterns. These significant associations of CHD and these genetic markers "which are genetically determined" denoted strongly genetic etiology or at least genetic predisposition of CHD. Detection of such genetic markers may help in determination of risky individuals in population and families of CHD patients. This can help in prevention by proper genetic counseling.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

21 trisomy and 9/22 translocation in a Down's syndrome malformed girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Cytogenetic and dermatoglyphic studies were carried out in Down's Syndrome (DS) malformed girl aged 2 years, suffering with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) as well as in her healthy parents. The malformed leukemic girl has about 90 percent of the analysed metaphases with the modal number 47 XX + 21, but in 15 percent of the same metaphases one notices t (9;22)(q34;q11) coexisting with trisomy 21. The mother has an inconsistent chromosomal change and the father is cytogenetically normal. The proband child's fingerprints distribution is partly similar to the mother's, but while the diseased girl has a simian line (SL) in her left hand, the healthy Father has a F1 transition form of palmar flexion creases in the left hand too. We have analysed two coexistent types of chromosomal aberrations in some metaphases of the proband girl who combines only some dermatoglyphic characteristics which are similar to each of the parents. Although the molecular basis is not known but partly in restructuring and/or repositioning of the genes in coexistent chromosomal changes we have suggested a possible way of expressing predispositional potential in leukemogenesis in which the chromosomes 21 and the genes located in them are implied.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

Population structure analysis using polygenic traits: estimation of migration matrices.

Many studies of subdivided populations have attempted to determine the underlying migration rates that generate observed patterns of genetic differentiation. Most previous analyses have yielded only qualitative inferences about migration. In this paper I present a new method for estimating the full migration matrix from information on polygenic trait variation. The method employs multivariate quantitative genetic theory to provide a matrix formulation of the expected covariance structure in multigenerational subdivided populations for which information is available at different points in the life cycle. I develop a restricted maximum likelihood technique (REML) to take account of this additional life-cycle information and to estimate both the migration matrix and the ratio of effective population size to census size. To make the problem computationally tractable, the migration matrix is modeled as a log-linear function of a few covariates, such as subdivision size and geographic distance. I apply the technique to data on dermatoglyphic ridge counts for 1015 individuals of the Jirel population of east Nepal, considering two different age cohorts. In the adult cohort (individuals over 21 years of age) I examine data by both birthplace and residence and for the subadult cohort (under 21 years of age), by birthplace. Results from the REML technique reveal that the best-fitting migration model is a finite island model with an estimated endemicity of 0.730 +/- 0.105 and an estimated ratio of effective size to census size of 0.287 +/- 0.095. Both estimates are reasonable given known demographic data. In addition, Fst values predicted by the migration model are concordant with REML estimates obtained directly from the dermatoglyphic variation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Fingerprint analysis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and their relatives.

Dermatoglyphic markers, including fingerprints, provide help not only in identifying individuals but have been associated with a number of genetic disorders. Several small studies have demonstrated weak associations with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The present study demonstrated significant differences of the palmar patterns of the right hand and right medial and left lateral triradius displacements between patients, relatives, and healthy persons. There was no association with clinical, immunological, and other genetic markers. Dermatoglyphic markers, while interesting, provide no clues for further SLE investigations.

Dermatoglyphics↗

PubMed1988

[Can skin texture serve as a guide in the course and variation of the median nerve?].

Human palms and soles are textured with skin different to that of the other body surface. Instead of sebaceous glands or hairs, there are sweat glands opening into the epidermal ridges. This is only common in primates. For a long time, a connection between dermatoglyphics and medical disorders has been known, but anatomic investigations are rare. In this study, the relationship between anatomic variations of the median nerve and dermatoglyphic patterns is explored.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome↗

PubMed1988

Anthropological studies in Assam, India. 6. Differentiation processes among Assamese populations.

In 1978-79 13 Assamese populations--two Muslim groups, five Mongoloid groups and 6 Hindu caste groups--have been investigated for the distribution of anthropometric, anthroposcopic and dermatoglyphic traits as well as for the distribution of ABO blood groups and PTC taste sensitivity. Except for finger ridge patterns all traits under investigation showed a marked intergroup variability. For anthropometric, anthroposcopic and dermatoglyphic traits a clear differentiation in Mongoloid populations on one hand and Hindu caste groups on the other could be observed and be substantiated by results of corresponding distance analyses. With regard to Muslims it has to be distinguished between Marias who seem to be more closely related to Mongoloid populations and Sheikhs whose phenotypic appearance is more like that of the Hindu caste groups. The results are discussed.

ABO Blood-Group System↗

PubMed1987

Genetic appraisal of congenital cataract.

A total of 45 congenital cataract cases were studied for chromosomal aberrations and dermatoglyphic patterns. Whereas parents showed no marked differences, patients showed marked differences in different dermatoglyphic traits as compared to age-sex matched controls. Out of all the patients Rubella, hereditary and undetected actiology groups showed variations differently, SCE were seen in all cataracts irrespective of their aetiology as compared to controls.

Cataract↗

PubMed1971

Dermatophyphics in childhood leukemia.

The dermatoglyphics of 54 leukemic children do not differ significantly from those of 25 mothers and 592 unrelated controls with respect to frequency of digital pattern types, position of axial triradius, or type of palmar flexion creases. These findings do not support the hypothesis that children with leukemia have an increased frequency of unusual dermal patterns, but suggest that the dermatoglyphics of leukemic children are not distinctive and therefore have no practical value in the diagnosis of childhood leukemia. Whatever factors are responsible for the development of leukemia in children, these factors do not appear regularly to affect the differentiation of the dermal ridges.

Adult↗

PubMed1984

[Quantitative value of the hallux pattern: mother-child correlation].

Mother-child correlations based upon the ridge-counts of the patterns of the hallucal areas of the soles were computed and compared with the results from finger-tips and palms. The results which are to be found in the hallucal areas of the sole join seamless to those known from finger and hand characters and show that the ridge-count of the hallucal pattern is in the same way suitable for quantitative genetic analysis of dermatoglyphics as the generally accepted dermatoglyphic counts.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

[Papillary pattern of male chronic alcoholics].

Dermatoglyphics was studied in 90 males suffering from chronic alcoholism to show a significant variability in the complex of dermatoglyphic indices, depending upon the clinical signs of the disease (differences in the degree of the disease progression, the presence of alcoholic psychoses, hereditary aggravation by alcoholism). All the male alcoholics showed a drop in the ridge density on the terminal phalanx of the fingers, compared to that of the control group. This phenomenon is of certain interest from the standpoint of diagnostic and prognostic significance and should be studied more thoroughly to have a deeper insight into its nature.

Alcoholism↗

PubMed1980

The relationship between total ridge-count, absolute ridge-count and pattern intensity index revisited.

Although several exhaustive studies are available for qualitative finger dermatoglyphics, our knowledge on quantitative aspects of finger dermatoglyphics is far from complete. In this paper, we have tried to explore the relationship between total ridge-count (TRC) and pattern intensity index (PII), and between absolute ridge-count (ARC) and PII in 1809 Koli males--a scheduled tribe of district Panchmahals, Gujarat. It has been observed that the linear regression between ARC and PII accounts for a larger part of variation than between TRC and PII. These results further strengthen the observations made by Basu and Namboodiri and Malhotra et al. that the relationship between ARC and PII might be different in different population groups.

Dermatoglyphics↗

PubMed1993

[Genetic markers of susceptibility to myocardial infarct].

The study with the two genetic markers--HLA antigens and the pattern of dermatoglyphics--provides strong evidence for the fact that there is a genetic predisposition to coronary heart disease. The dermatoglyphic pattern has been found to be a more reliable marker of predisposition to this disease than HLA antigens. The decisive rules derived from the study may be used in the assessment of a genetic risk for this cardiovascular abnormality.

Dermatoglyphics↗

PubMed1993

[Some aspects of individual susceptibility to cancer and approach to its prevention].

Article covers methodic approaches to tackle problems of individual propensity to malignancies. Genetic propensity to pulmonary cancer and gastric carcinoma was supported by studies using genetic markers: HLA antigens and dermatoglyphics. Dermatoglyphic picture was proved to predict possibility of malignancy more reliably than antigens.

Causality↗