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Results for “immunological profiling”

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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Immunologic profile of HIV-2 seropositive African individuals (follow-up)].

In the geographic distribution of HIV-2, it is known that this infection is most prevalent in West Africa. Since 1986 we have studied seropositive and seronegative clusters, in Guinea-Bissau with follow-ups in 1988, 1989, 1990 and 1991. Analysis of the results show the high incidence of this infection. 8.51% of the 4,372 people of the general population studied were seropositive, showing the high predominance of HIV-2 infection. Only 4 cases were exclusively reactive to HIV-1 and a slow evolution of HIV-1 infections. In the seroconversions of HIV-2 infections the antibodies appeared first to the core components and secondly to the surface glycoproteins. Some of the laboratory parameters affected in the evolution of the infection include a gradual increase in immunoglobulins and a decrease in CD4 lymphocytes and in the CD4/CD8 ratio. A comparison of these variations in HIV-2 infected people, with or without cross-reactivity to HIV-1, reveals that they are much more evident in exclusively HIV-2 positive people. This fact can indicate that the variants responsible for the cross-reactions are less pathogenic and phylogenetically less developed.

Africa, Western↗
PubMed1988

Immunological profiles in workers of a power plant burning coal rich in arsenic content.

A group of 47 male adults working in a thermal power plant burning coal containing 900 to 1,500 g of arsenic per ton dry weight was examined on the blood serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM content and levels of acute reactants alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), transferrin (TRF), orosomucoid (ORO) ceruloplasmin (CPL), and lysozyme (LYS). Investigations in the control group comprising 27 workers from another power plant in the same district where the coal content of arsenic was more than 10 times lower were analogous. The inter-group differences in means were evaluated by t-test, differences in the association of values by F-test, and the correlations with age and the length of exposure were assessed using the regression analysis method. The differences in mean IgG, IgA, IgM, LYS and A2M levels between the exposed and control groups of workers were insignificant or of borderline significance only. In contrast, differences in TRF, ORO and particularly CPL levels were statistically highly significant, in all instances P less than 0.001. In the control group, persons with abnormal values in at least two immunobiochemical tests used accounted for 3.7%, in the group of the exposed for 51% (P less than 0.002). All these findings, especially the rise in CPL concentration levels in the exposed group are discussed on the background of the rise in cancer mortality rates found previously in this group of power plant workers.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1978

Immunological profile in sarcoidosis patients. The in vitro and in vivo effect of thymic humoral factor.

A study was made of the lymphocytes obtained from 25 patients suffering from sarcoidosis as proved by the Kveim-Siltzbach test and/or organ biopsy. The number of T lymphocytes was determined by the E rosette technique and functional activity by a local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) as well as skin tests with PPD, SK-SD, Candida and Trichophyton. In most cases the absolute number of T cells was low and there was an evident impairment of their functional activity. There was also a clear correlation between the severity of impairment of cell-mediated immunity and the clinical stage and activity of the disease. In vitro incubation of the lymphocytes with thymic humoral factor resulted in recovery of the functional activity of the T lymphocytes of 4 of the 7 patients tested, with the previously negative GVHR becoming positive. One of these patients was treated with thymic humoral factor with a resulting restoration of the cell-mediated immune response although there was no evident clinical improvement.

Graft vs Host Reaction↗
PubMed1987

Multiple myeloma: an immunologic profile. IV. The EA rosette-forming cell is a Leu-1 positive immunoregulatory B cell.

Patients with myeloma have a depressed capacity to respond to antigenic challenge. Studies in this laboratory have previously described an unclassified lymphoid cell which binds human erythrocytes coated with human immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-D antibody (EA) as important in the inhibition of Ig synthesis in myeloma patients. Using monoclonal antibodies, two-color fluorescence studies, and flow cytometry, we characterized this EA cell as a Leu-1+ (cluster designation (CD) 5), Leu-12+ (CD 19), Leu-16+ (CD 20), B2+ (CD 21), Leu-14+ (CD 22), and HLA-DR+ B cell. The cell was negative for antibodies to Leu-2 (CD 8), Leu-3 (CD 4), Leu-4 (CD 3), Leu-5 (CD 2), Leu-7, Leu-8, Leu-11 (CD 16), Leu-M1 (CD 15), Leu-M3, and CALLA (CD 10). This profile is consistent with a Leu-1+ B cell and excludes a T cell, natural killer cell, and monocyte. Comparison of the relative role of these cells to the role of monocytes in the suppression of pokeweed mitogen-stimulated Ig synthesis was determined in serial studies on 19 myeloma patients. The mean (+/- SEM) percentage of inhibition of Ig synthesis by monocytes from stage I myeloma patients was 14 +/- 2.2%, from stage II patients was 37 +/- 3.5%, and from stage III patients was 51 +/- 4.7%. Inhibition of Ig synthesis by Leu-1+ EA cells was 46 +/- 1.5%, 48 +/- 1.6%, and 43 +/- 3.7% in stage I, II, and III patients, respectively. Immunosuppressive B cells are an important component of inhibition of Ig synthesis in the immunodeficiency of myeloma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1988

The immunologic profile of anesthetists.

Reports in the literature have suggested possible impairment of immunocompetence in operating theater personnel. In a group of 18 physician anesthesiologists the following were determined: hemoglobin concentration; white blood cell count; numbers of T, B, and natural killer (NK) lymphocytes; number of T-active cells; and numbers of T-helper/inducer (Th) and T-suppressor/cytotoxic (Ts) cells; and the Th/Ts ratio. Function of T lymphocytes was evaluated using the local xenogeneic graft-versus-host reaction and spontaneous suppressor or helper activity of T cells. The same parameters were determined in a group of 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. It was found that no matter what their age or how long they have been engaged in anesthetic practice, anesthetists show no immunosuppression as evidenced by these parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Spontaneous lymphocyte activity: an important but neglected component of the immunologic profile of the thermally injured patient.

Controversy exists over whether lymphocyte mitogenic activity decreases after thermal injury, as well as whether the decreased activity is of clinical significance. Therefore to characterize the pattern of postburn lymphocyte dysfunction, the rates of the patient's spontaneous (SBT) and stimulated (mitogen phytohemagglutinin) lymphocyte blastogenesis were measured and correlated with the biologic effect of the patient's serum and lymphokines on control mononuclear cell blastogenesis. The SBT increased after thermal injury (p less than 0.01) in contrast to the mitogenic-induced blastogenic response, which was either normal or decreased depending on the mechanics of data analysis. The level of SBT elevation but not stimulated lymphocyte activity would identify patients who had sepsis (p less than 0.05). The changes in lymphocyte activity could not be explained by the presence of circulating serum mediators or the biologic effect of soluble mononuclear cell products (lymphokines). The results of these experiments clearly document that after thermal injury lymphocytes are being activated in vivo even when the patient's serum is suppressive and the phytohemagglutinin-stimulated activity is depressed. Therefore the level of SBT must be taken into consideration when lymphocyte function is evaluated after thermal injury.

Adult↗