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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Neuronal activity in frontal speech area 44 of the human cerebral cortex during word recognition.

The activity of neurons was recorded from cortical speech area 44 of human patients with diagnostic and/or therapeutical depth electrodes while they were performing word recognition and object naming tasks. Some cells responded selectively to either semantic or phonological aspects of word processing with the same latency, others responded consecutively to both semantic and phonological features. The present finding provides the first demonstration of neuronal mechanisms in frontal language cortex and evidences that both consecutive and parallel processing of these speech signs occur in neuronal activity of this area.

Frontal Lobe↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applications of an inexpensive microcomputer for the general radiologist.

Computer programs of interest to the general radiologist have been written by the author and others for an inexpensive microcomputer. Most of these programs are in the public domain and include: computer-assisted diagnosis; computer-assisted medical education; Bayesian analysis, general statistical analysis; word processing; and radiographic image analysis. Previously, computerized functions such as these have been limited to those with access to a large institutional computer. Due to the general availability of inexpensive microcomputers, the average radiologist or group can now afford the many benefits a computer can add to the practice of radiology.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1990

Micro-computers: availability to and use by trainees in public health medicine.

A survey of the availability to and use of micro-computers by public health medicine trainees was undertaken in February, 1989. Most departments have access to computers and trainees possess computing skills, but almost one in 15 trainees had no access to a micro-computer, and one trainee in eleven had no computing experience while a further one in eight had not progressed beyond word-processing. Departments of Public Health Medicine should review their computing resources and ensure that they are adequate for the challenges of the 1990s.

Computer User Training↗
PubMed1985

Use of the personal computer in clinical research.

Personal computers are quickly becoming items of everyday use. More physicians' offices are using computers for billing and patients' records. Others have purchased computers for their word processing capabilities. These computers can be used for archives of medical case records or to collect and collate data for clinical research. This article focuses on how we use a personal computer for organization and management of clinical research projects. Included is a description of how we organize a research project, gather data, write computer programs, enter data into the computer, and generate and display reports. The use of a template program and a personal computer permits creation of individual programs without the aid of a professional programmer. When a single data-management program is used, five or six research projects can be carried out at a cost comparable to that of one project using a large computer and professional programmers.

Computers↗
PubMed1986

Computer applications in veterinary medical education.

This is a review of the various computer applications used in veterinary medical education. The various applications include drill-and-practice, tutorial, problem-solving, testing, educational management programs, educational games, word processing, educational utilities, authoring programs, and simulations.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗
PubMed1986

Building a practice with a computer.

It should be emphasized that the primary function of the computer is information-handling and communication. It remembers who and when and why, organizes the information, and then communicates by reminders, letters, labels, word processing, and statements. The computer becomes a faithful employee, not altogether immune from physical illness but generally ready to work at the flip of a switch. Best of all, the computer never asks for overtime or a percentage of the profits.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Techniques of reporting disease outbreak investigations.

Effective communication of results and recommendations among veterinarians and between veterinarians and clients is an essential but often neglected component of an outbreak investigation. Although results have been traditionally related verbally, written reports are essential to minimize possible misunderstandings and provide a reference base for future herd health visits or epidemiologic investigations. A uniform reporting scheme for disease investigations by field veterinarians does not exist, but such a system would be desirable to allow comparisons of disease rates and productivity data among herds. In this article, a report format and style is outlined to facilitate exchange of data among veterinarians and clients. Reports to other veterinarians should include the following elements: history, objectives, methodology, results, causes/hypotheses, financial impact, and recommendations. For a client, a report should emphasize causes, recommendations, and the cost of measures to control the condition. Report planning, writing, and editing are facilitated by use of word-processing software on a microcomputer. Style will vary considerably according to the writer's objectives and individual preference, but headings, subheadings, graphs, and tables can be used to increase the visual appeal and readability of a report. The level of technicality should be appropriate for the audience. Sentences should be well constructed and precise.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

A survey of the use of micro-computers in general dental practice in Scotland.

The aim of the study was to determine current and future use of micro-computers in general dental practice. A piloted questionnaire was sent to 736 general dental practitioners in Scotland, with the intention of contacting one principal from every dental practice known to the Scottish Dental Estimates Board. A total of 390 (53%) of the questionnaires were returned. If it is assumed that those dentists who did not reply have a low interest in computers then the results of the survey are not likely to lead to an overestimation of trends. Six per cent of the 736 practices that were contacted are using a micro-computer, mainly for practice management and particularly for word processing. In addition, 25% of the replies showed some interest in introducing micro-computers in the future. Thirty-four per cent of current users and 19% of prospective users indicated a high degree of interest in direct data transmission between the practice and the Scottish Dental Estimates Board.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1983

Apple II computer software for DNA and protein sequence data.

In our attempt to make the aid of a computer for the molecular biology laboratory available on a low-cost basis, we have improved the programs that we published recently. We have experienced in our laboratory, and have learned from others, that the average lab has an increasing demand to use a time-sharing-independent computer for the bulk of data handling. A microcomputer can give this independence. At the same time, a microcomputer can serve as a terminal for the few computer jobs, such as data communication or extensive search programs, which have to be conducted on a time-sharing basis. In this paper, we describe the programs which can be executed on a Apple II microcomputer using the Apple Language System. This system gives the researcher the opportunity to learn to handle sequence data, and it also includes a word processing system useful in writing letters and manuscripts and storing text.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

A dBASE III surgical pathology reporting and encoding microcomputer system.

The authors have developed a menu-driven dBASE III system for surgical pathology reporting and encoding in Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED). The system requires no knowledge of dBASE and is readily installed on any IBM-standard personal computer equipped with a fixed disk. The use of dBASE memo fields provides the integration of word processing and database functions. Preliminary gross examination reports are automatically accompanied by data from former cases on the same patient. Patient demographics, SNOMED codes, and final diagnoses are stored on the fixed disk; complete reports are saved on floppy diskettes. Cases can be retrieved by patient name, surgical number, or SNOMED codes. Daily work lists, frozen section-final diagnosis correlations, turnaround time reports, and listings of incomplete cases are easily obtained. Cytologic results can also be entered, allowing automatic correlation with surgical cases.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

A computer package for DNA sequence analysis.

We have developed a comprehensive software-hardware package for a CP/M based or other microcomputer which can perform four major functions in a molecular biology laboratory: (1) the acquisition and analysis of DNA sequence data, (2) word processing in the preparation of scientific manuscripts and figures, (3) general lab computation and data reduction, and (4) as a data terminal for communication of data over the phone line.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

Assembly of overlapping DNA sequences by a program written in BASIC for 64K CP/M and MS-DOS IBM-compatible microcomputers.

The SEQALIGN programs1 described in this report aid in the assembly of up to 100 individual overlapping DNA sequences generated by M-13 subcloning and sequencing methods. The program produces a printout of the aligned sequences presented in register. Use of the program will be facilitated because 1) it is written with the Microsoft BASIC interpreter, 2) sequence data may be entered and edited using WORDSTAR or similar word processing programs, and 3) hardware requirements for execution of the program on CP/M or MS-DOS (IBM-PC compatible) systems are minimal.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1986

A DNA sequence analysis program for the Apple Macintosh.

This paper describes a new set of programs for analyzing DNA sequences using the Apple Macintosh computer, a computer ideally suited for this kind of analysis. Because of the Macintosh interface and the availability of high quality software-only speech synthesis, these programs are truly easy to use. Instead of typing in commands, the user directs the program by making selections with the mouse, thereby eliminating most typographical and syntax errors. Output options are selected by "pressing buttons" and then clicking "OK" with the mouse. DNA sequences are confirmed by having the program speak them. The high resolution graphics on the Macintosh not only allow for explanatory diagrams to be used to aid in deciding on input parameters, but can be used to produce slides for presentations and figures for papers. Because of the clipboard and the ability of the Macintosh to readily share data among different applications, data can be saved for use directly in word processing documents (e.g. manuscripts).

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Apple Macintosh programs for nucleic and protein sequence analyses.

This paper describes a package of programs for handling and analyzing nucleic acid and protein sequences using the Apple Macintosh microcomputer. There are three important features of these programs: first, because of the now classical Macintosh interface the programs can be easily used by persons with little or no computer experience. Second, it is possible to save all the data, written in an editable scrolling text window or drawn in a graphic window, as files that can be directly used either as word processing documents or as picture documents. Third, sequences can be easily exchanged with any other computer. The package is composed of thirteen programs, written in Pascal programming language.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Computer use and education in radiology residency programs.

Computers play an increasingly important role in radiology education and research. We surveyed all U.S. residency programs to assess computer availability, education, and use by residents. Out of 210 questionnaires sent, 132 were returned (63% response). Areas of inquiry included computer equipment and software as well as resident use of facilities. Opinions were also solicited concerning the importance of computer literacy and education. Sixty-nine percent of the respondents have computer facilities (61% within the department). Predominant uses include scientific papers, slides/audiovisual presentations and resume preparation. Popular software includes word processing, spreadsheets, databases and graphics. Of those training programs with computers, 85% provided computer education, and most (70%) felt computer training was very important. Forty-seven percent expected their residents to have at least passing acquaintance with computers. However, in 60% of programs with computers, the computers are used by less than half the residents. Of those programs without a computer, 61% provided no computer training, and only 44% felt computer education was very important. A sizable minority of radiology residency programs are still without computer facilities. Those programs that have computers tend to place a greater emphasis on computer education and literacy for radiology residents. However, even in programs that have computers, it seems they are often underutilized by residents.

Computer User Training↗
PubMed1989

A more cost-effective method of preoperative computerized imaging.

Stimulated by the explosive expansion of the computerized desk top publishing industry during the past few years, microcomputer hardware and software are evolving at a staggering rate. Memory is rapidly increasing, and prices are declining. I have found that with the hardware and software described in this paper, I was able to obtain, in a much more cost-effective manner, as useful preoperative information for my practice as I could obtain with more expensive "turnkey" (only one use) computerized imaging systems. This type of microcomputer, of course, is not limited to just the imaging system, but can be used for a variety of other programs as well, such as word processing, slide labeling and production, spreadsheet functions, billing and filing, and numerous business and other applications. The ease of use with readily available 35-mm slides of my patients has greatly enhanced the appeal of this system. Computerized imaging, when used as an educational tool, can be very helpful in preoperative planning, resident teaching, and for illustration and discussion of a patient's proposed surgery. The electronic imaging disclaimer compiled by the American Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons has been extremely helpful in clarifying the limits of computerized imaging and reducing any false expectations that my patients might have. All of us are experiencing the dawn of a very exciting evolution.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1983

A microcomputer-based information storage and retrieval system for the maintenance of records for a culture collection.

A microcomputer-based system for the storage and retrieval of information on strains in a culture collection is described. The system was designed around commercially available software packages written for microcomputers. Two additional programs were written using the BASIC language to allow a catalogue of the culture collection to be printed in a specific format. The details of each strain in the collection were stored on a floppy disc. Details of new strains were added to this database and information relating to existing cultures was modified or, where necessary, deleted from the collection. The database can be searched to supply details of a particular culture or to identify those cultures which possess certain attributes. The records for the whole collection were sorted alphabetically by species name, and numerically by accession number, and a word-processing package was used to print a catalogue of the culture collection.

Bacteriology↗
PubMed1984

Design and preparation of a formulary--guide to the prescribing of medicines.

In recent years there has been a renewed interest in the use of local hospital 'formularies'. The development and preparation at The London Hospital (Whitechapel) of a guide of prescribing which embraces and extends the concept of a formulary is described. A method of involving staff in the preparation of text was developed to ensure the rapid production of a reasonably comprehensive guide which would command respect and a high degree of compliance. The use of word-processing techniques and graphic design expertise are described. The guide has been carefully introduced together with plans for monitoring compliance and its influence on drug expenditure. These are discussed in the light of one year's experience with the guide.

Drug Prescriptions↗