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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Development of the voicing contrast: a comparison of voice onset time in stop preception and production.

The acoustic cue voice onset time (VOT) was used to study development of the voicing contrast in 10 two-year-old children, 10 six-year-old children, and 20 adults. Thirty utterances of the words bees, peas, bear, pear, dime, time, goat, and coat were elicited from each subject, VOT measured, and individual production distributions for labial, apical, and velar stops plotted. Significant age-related differences were shown for mean VOT, mean lead time for voiced stops, range of the same words that were examined in the production portion of the investigation were obtained for these subjects from their judgments of synthetic speech stimuli. The relationship between identification and production was examined by assessing the degree of correspondence between the perception and production VOT values. Results of this analysis showed a developmental pattern of change primarily for the voiceless stops in the form of increased correspondence between perceptual identification categories and production VOT values. Three stages for acquisition of the voicing contrast related to VOT are indicated.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Effects of voice therapy on the voice range profiles of dysphonic patients.

In a group of chronically dysphonic patients, a voice range profile, or phonetogram, was recorded before and after receiving voice therapy and again 3 months later. The voice range profiles took a wide variety of shapes. Therefore, only measures that did not depend on a smooth contour could be used to describe changes before and after therapy. The main effect of voice therapy was an enlargement on the side of low frequency and low intensity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Changes in voice during a day in normal voices without vocal loading.

Various changes in vocal parameters have been observed during the working days of voice professionals, e.g. teachers. The present study investigated vocal parameters during daytime when voice was not used. Eleven females and ten males (mean ages 30 and 40 years) volunteered as subjects. They recorded the same reading task in the forenoon and in the afternoon with an interval of 6-8 hours. Between the recordings voice use was avoided. Six females repeated the test in six days with the intervals from one week to three months. Fundamental frequency (F0) and sound pressure level (SPL) were measured. Voice quality was studied by calculating the alpha ratio (SPL 1000-5000 Hz/SPL 50-1000 Hz). In most cases F0 was higher in the afternoon, although the change was on the average small (in most cases within 5 Hz) and statistically non-significant. Alpha ratio was significantly higher for the females and lower for the males in the afternoon. Similar changes have been reported after vocal loading. The results suggest that studies on the effects of vocal loading should also address changes in vocal parameters when no vocal loading is present. Gender difference in the vocal changes warrants further study.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[A comparative acoustic study of the speaking and singing voice during the adolescent's break of the voice].

The observation of the vocal evolution of adolescent singers has shown it takes place in two stages, the singing voice changing after the speaking voice. The same pattern has been encountered and made more explicit with a study of 50 non-singer adolescents. It thus appears that the average pitch of the speaking voice deepening by one octave is not by itself the sign that the break of the voice has ended. This study also shows the individual nature of adolescent vocal evolution and its length (up to two years in one out of four cases).

Acoustics↗
PubMed2000

Mechanical and dynamic aspects of voice production as related to voice therapy and phonosurgery.

Laryngeal framework surgery can change the position and tension of the vocal folds safely without direct surgical intervention in the vocal fold proper. Some 23 years of experience with phonosurgery have proved its usefulness in treating dysphonia related to unilateral vocal fold paralysis, vocal fold atrophy, and pitch-related dysphonias. Meanwhile, much information about the mechanism of voice production has been obtained through intraoperative findings of voice and fiberscopic examination of the larynx. Based on such knowledge together with information obtained through model experiments, the human vocal organ was reconsidered mainly from the mechanical view point, and the roles of voice therapy and singing pedagogy were discussed in relation to phonosurgery. The vocal organ may not be an ideal musical organ and is rather vulnerable, but its potential is enormous.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Studies of voice stress in teachers with functional voice disorders caused by teaching activity].

30 female teachers of ten-years technical schools-15 with functional voice-disturbance an 15 with healthy voice-have been examined while teaching in respect of their strain. Duration of speech, intensity of their teachers voice an background noise, the frequency of heart rate and the arterial blood pressure were measured on the teaching day. Between both research groups no statistically significant differences were shown. There were no correlations between the durations of speech, intensity and vegetative parameters.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Long-term average spectrography of speech. Discrimination between the normal voice and the pathological voice].

LTAS (Long Time Average Spectra) were used for discrimination between a sample of 30 normal voices and a sample of 30 pathological voices. A highly significant difference could be observed. There is also a good correlation between the degree of hoarseness as evaluated by LTAS and the sonographic classification of Yanagihara. A possible application for automatic recognition of voice pathology is evoked.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Voice restoration by primary insertion of indwelling voice prosthesis following circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy with free jejunal graft.

BACKGROUND: Voice restoration after circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy (CPL) with free jejunal graft remains a difficult problem to solve. Few reports have analyzed the success rate and complications following primary insertion of indwelling voice prostheses during CPL with free jejunal graft. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight patients who underwent CPL with free jejunal graft had a Groningen voice prosthesis inserted as a tracheoesophageal (TE) shunt at the time of oncological surgery. A 10-point scale was used to assess each patient's speech intelligibility. Complications following the voice prosthesis insertion were also analyzed. RESULTS: Six of the eight patients (75%) achieved excellent speech intelligibility and the remaining two patients (25%) were judged as moderate. Six of the eight patients (75%) used the TE shunt as their major means of daily communication. Leakage through or around the prosthesis, which occurred in six (75%) patients, was the most frequent prosthesis-related complication. CONCLUSIONS: This safe and reliable technique can be effective in improving the quality of life in selected patients undergoing CPL.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Analysis of failure of voice production by a sound-producing voice prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the cause of failing voice production by a sound-producing voice prosthesis (SPVP). METHODS: The functioning of a prototype SPVP is described in a female laryngectomee before and after its sound-producing mechanism was impeded by tracheal phlegm. This assessment included: perceptual voice evaluation of read-aloud prose by an expert listener; inspection of the malfunctioning SPVP; and aero-acoustical in vivo registrations using a computer-based data acquisition system. RESULTS: Sound-producing voice prosthesis speech is higher pitched, stronger, contains less aperiodic noise and requires a lower airflow rate than the patient's regular tracheoesophageal (TE) shunt speech. Tracheal phlegm caused malfunction of the vibrating silicone lip of the SPVP by causing it to stick to its stainless steel container in an opened position, thereby reducing the SPVP to no more than a regular TE shunt valve from a functional point of view. Tracheal phonatory pressure and dynamic vocal intensity range were not affected by the functional status of the SPVP. CONCLUSIONS: To exploit the advantages an SPVP could offer female laryngectomees with an atonic or severely hypotonic pharyngoesophageal segment, the sound-producing mechanism of the SPVP needs to be less vulnerable to tracheal phlegm.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed2003

Postlaryngectomy voice restoration using a voice prosthesis: a single institution's ten-year experience.

We describe the speech rehabilitation outcome of patients treated with total laryngectomy or total laryngopharyngectomy and insertion of Provox voice prostheses (Atos Medical AB, Hörby, Sweden) at the Helsinki University Central Hospital. We performed a retrospective chart review of 95 patients (88 men and 7 women; mean age, 63.5 years) who underwent insertion of a voice prosthesis in the period 1992 to 2002. Eighty-one percent (77/95) of the patients underwent a primary prosthesis insertion at the time of laryngectomy. A head and neck surgeon, a laryngologist, and a speech therapist rated the long-term tracheoesophageal speech of 78% (74/95) of the patients as good or average. The main causes for replacement of the device were obstruction, leakage or inadequate size of the prosthesis, and granulation or leakage around the fistula. According to our 10-year experience, use of the Provox prosthesis is an effective method of postlaryngectomy voice rehabilitation, and it continues to be our preferred method of voice restoration in the majority of cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Family Voices: building voices for our children with special health care needs.

Family Voices is a national grassroots clearing-house for information and education concerning the health care of children with special health needs. Through the collective efforts of volunteer Coordinators in each state, 10 Regional Coordinators, and a small staff, Family Voices keeps aware of and involved in public and private sector health care changes that affect children and families. Family Voices, over 10,000 members strong, works in partnership with health care providers in public and private hospitals, public health programs, in state capitals, and Washington, DC to bring the family perspective to policy discussions and decisions. Pediatric nurses are invited to work in partnership with Family Voices to advocate for children and families.

Child↗
PubMed1994

The integration of voice science, voice pathology, medicine, public speaking, acting, and singing.

The integration of voice science, voice pathology, medicine, public speaking, acting, and singing has been central to evolution in all fields. The Voice Foundation Symposia have played a seminal and central role in fostering integration among disciplines. The result has been an improvement in the knowledge and practice in each field. And the future promises to be even more informative and exciting.

Congresses as Topic↗
PubMed1998

Mechanical and dynamic aspects of voice production as related to voice therapy and phonosurgery.

Laryngeal framework surgery can change the position and tension of the vocal folds safely without direct surgical intervention in the vocal fold proper. Some 23 years of experience with phonosurgery have proved its usefulness in treating dysphonia related to unilateral vocal fold paralysis, vocal fold atrophy, and pitch-related dysphonias . Meanwhile, much information about the mechanism of voice production has been obtained through intraoperative findings of voice and fiberscopic examination of the larynx . Based on such knowledge together with information obtained through model experiments, the human vocal organ was reconsidered mainly from the mechanical view point, and the roles of voice therapy and singing pedagogy were discussed in relation to phonosurgery. The vocal organ may not be an ideal musical organ and is rather vulnerable, but its potential is enormous.

Glottis↗
PubMed1998

A prospective study of speech and voice rehabilitation after total laryngectomy with the low-resistance Groningen, Nijdam and Provox voice prostheses.

In a prospective study the Groningen, Nijdam, and Provox voice prostheses were evaluated with respect to speech and voice rehabilitation. At approximately 1, 4, and 10 months after operation, patients were submitted to a standardized speaking task to evaluate phonatory skills (phrase length, phonation duration, dynamics on tone, dynamics on sentence, speech rate and availability of sound), speech quality (fluency and overall intelligibility), voice quality and stoma technique (stoma noise). Tracheoesophageal speech rehabilitation proved to be successful in 94-100% of patients, as measured at approximately 10 months after operation. Furthermore, no significant overall differences were found between the three prostheses. There was a significant improvement in time for speech rate and stoma noise. As for the time effects (e.g. improvement in performance over time) no differences between the three prostheses were found.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

Parkinson's disease: speech and voice disorders and their treatment with the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment.

Speech and voice disorders are very common among individuals suffering from idiopathic Parkinson's disease. In this article we review evidence for laryngeal, respiratory, articulatory, and velopharyngeal disorders in this population. We present the essential concepts and outcome data for the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment, a behavioral treatment program that has yielded significant long-term improvement in speech and voice functions in individuals with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Voice function and quality of life--patients with laryngeal carcinoma following minimal-invasive laser surgery and function voice rehabilitation].

BACKGROUND: Quality of life is a relevant criterion for therapeutical outcome in laryngeal carcinoma patients. The aim of this study was to assess the self-related complaints in quality of life and functional outcome of voice among persons who had undergone laryngeal cancer surgery. METHODS: The examination took place 67 months (SD 34.8) after the last surgery, on average and finishing of 60 therapy sessions (median). First a measurement with the Goettinger Hoarseness Diagram (GHD) was carried out. Next the subjects answered self-reported standardized questionnaires for life quality in oncological patients on the same day: EORTC-QLQ-C30 and 3 scales of the German Fragebogen zur Lebenszufriedenheit (health-related fulfillment, fulfillment with work/occupation, fulfillment with social environment). For disease-related symptoms of different head and neck domains the EORTC-HandN35 was administered. SUBJECTS: Forty-four patients (37 males, 7 females) who were treated primarily with minimal invasive laser surgery followed by functional voice rehabilitation (Goettinger Konzept). Mean age: 60.1 (SD 9.7) years. RESULTS: The acoustic voice quality according to the GHD showed a significant correlation with self-reported "Somatic Functioning" (- 0.32, p = 0.04) and "Social Functioning" (- 0.38, p = 0.01) in the EORTC-QLQ-C30 as well as with the symptom scales "Speech" (0.45, p < 0.0024) resp. "Social Contact" (0.45, p = 0.0021) in the EORTC-HandN35. Also hoarseness and health-related fulfillment (- 0.36, p = 0.02) as well as fulfillment with work/occupation (- 0.33, p = 0.03) correlated significantly. On the other hand, there was no significant association between the GHD and the assessment of global quality of life. CONCLUSION: Postoperative phonatory reductions in patients with laser surgically treated laryngeal carcinoma have only a slight influence on overall quality of life. The same is true for the GHD. Assessment of self-reported quality of life in recommendation of oncologic treatment may not be able to replace the objective findings, but may be useful to detect other problems, e.g. psychosocial.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Ventricular fold vibration in voice production: a high-speed imaging study with kymographic, acoustic and perceptual analyses of a voice patient and a vocally healthy subject.

Co-vibrations of the ventricular folds are a common finding in the clinical setting. It is not always obvious how much of the perceived voice change can be attributed to the presence of such vibrations. The aim of the present study was to describe laryngeal vibrations as observed by high-speed imaging in cases where ventricular fold vibrations had been observed. The findings at kymographic display of the recordings were correlated to perceptual measures and spectrographic observations. Two subjects, a 65-year-old man with chronic laryngitis and one vocally healthy man, were examined during pressed and breathy sustained phonation. Perceived roughness in the voice quality correlated to irregularities in true vocal fold vibrations as well as to irregular ventricular fold vibrations with large amplitude combined with sufficient closure. In none of the recorded sections did ventricular fold vibrations occur without simultaneous true vocal fold vibrations. Regular vibrations of the ventricular folds of the same frequency as those of the true vocal folds and with a reciprocal pattern did not contribute to any roughness in the perceived voice.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Discussant response to 'Mirroring the voice from Garcia to the present day: some insights into singing voice registers'.

PEVOC6 took as its theme 'Mirroring the Voice' to mark the occasion, 150 years before, of Manuel Garcia's publication in London of his work on the singing voice using what is now called, following him, a laryngoscope. This also was the special theme of the final plenary session contribution to the Conference by Nathalie Henrich--but with particular reference to singing voice registers. Her paper and conference presentation have two complementary parts. The first gives an overview of the development of the ideas that have their roots in Garcia's work; the second concentrates on modern developments and attempts to provide an acceptable path to the working definition of the concept of register and to give a basis for the taxonomic description of register types.

Humans↗