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Results for “VASODILATOR AGENTS”

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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Inhaled nitric oxide as a screening vasodilator agent in primary pulmonary hypertension. A dose-response study and comparison with prostacyclin.

To investigate the capacity of the pulmonary vascular bed to acutely vasodilate, we examined in 35 consecutive patients with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH), the hemodynamic effects of incremental inhalation periods of an air-NO mixture at different concentrations (10, 20, and 40 ppm), and compared them with those of an acute infusion of prostacyclin (PGI2). An individual pulmonary vasodilator response was defined by a fall in total pulmonary resistance (TPR) > or = 30% relative to mean TPR baseline value. Thirteen patients were responders and 22 were nonresponders to both drugs, and they did not significantly differ in overall baseline characteristics except for mean right atrial pressure (p < 0.03). In responders, both drugs produced similar individual vasodilator response. Changes in mean pulmonary arterial pressure and TPR observed during NO and PGI2 were closely correlated (r2 = 0.9, p < 0.001, and r2 = 0.7, p < 0.01, respectively). The vasodilator response to NO was not concentration-related with a maximal effect obtained at 10 ppm. Combination of both drugs did not lead to any additive vasodilator response. Unlike PGI2, NO did not induce any systemic effect, no adverse reaction, but a moderate increase in methemoglobin. Inhaled NO at low dose (10 ppm) appears to be an effective, safe, and reliable substitute for PGI2 in screening for acute pulmonary vasodilator responsiveness during therapeutic assessment of patients with PPH.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Calcium imaging of murine thoracic aorta endothelium by confocal microscopy reveals inhomogeneous distribution of endothelial cells responding to vasodilator agents.

The aim of the study was to assess, in intact murine thoracic aorta in vitro, the distribution of endothelial cells responsive to endothelium-dependent vasodilators ACh, ATP, bradykinin and substance P, using laser line confocal microscopy in combination with two Ca2+ fluorescent dyes, Fluo-4 and Fura-red. We observed that 82 +/- 3% of endothelial cells responded to ATP, 33 +/- 5% to Ach, whereas less than 3% of them responded to bradykinin or substance P. In order to determine whether the findings of pharmacological tests agree with confocal microscopy data, endothelium-dependent vasodilators induced relaxation was evaluated using isometric tension measurement. We show a marked correlation between a higher number of activated endothelial cells, using confocal microscopy, and a greater degree of endothelium-dependent relaxation using isometric tension measurement (p = 0.00286). Our results suggest that endothelial cells responding to endothelium-dependent vasodilators are not homogeneously distributed in intact murine thoracic aorta. This could be due to nonhomogeneous distribution of surface receptors or to differences in post-receptor coupling mechanisms.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An in vitro technique for testing nasal vasodilating agents.

An in vitro method for testing vasoactive drugs on nasal blood vessels is described. Isolated dog nasal mucosa contracts when treated with nasal decongestant or stimulated electrically. Vasodilating drugs inhibit this contraction. Atropine blocks the effects of acetylcholine on this tissue.

Acetylcholine↗