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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Anterior vertebral body screw pullout testing. A comparison of Zeilke, Kaneda, Universal Spine System, and Universal Spine System with pullout-resistant nut.

STUDY DESIGN: A biomechanical study of pullout of anteriorly implanted screws in cadaveric vertebral bodies. OBJECTIVES: To investigate and compare the pullout strength of the Zielke, Kaneda, Universal Spine System (USS) pedicle screw, and USS pedicle screw with a new pullout-resistant nut. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A common problem with anterior purchase regardless of the implant system is screw pullout at the proximal and distal ends of multilevel constructs. There is limited information on a solution to this problem. METHODS: The L1 to L4 vertebral bodies from four cadavers had one each of Zielke and Kaneda pedicle screws (Acromed Corp., Cleveland, OH), USS pedicle screw (Synthes Spine, Paoli, PA), and USS pedicle screw with pullout-resistant nut implanted transversely across the center of the vertebral body with bicortical purchase in a similar fashion as would be used clinically. The screws were extracted using a servohydraulic material testing system. The maximum axial forces were recorded. RESULTS: The Zielke and Kaneda screws had no significant difference in mean pullout strength (P = 0.542). The USS screw alone was less strong (P = 0.009). The USS screw and pullout-resistant nut increased the pullout strength by twofold (P = 0.00006). In the screw pullout tests, the mode of failure was at the screw thread's interface. The USS screw and pullout-resistant nut failed by imploding the body around the nut. With the USS screw and pullout-resistant nut, the pullout strength was determined by the compressive strength of the bone. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of a pullout-resistant nut to an anterior vertebral body screw improves the pullout strength by twofold and changes the mode of failure to rely ultimately on the inherent vertebral body strength rather than the screw's characteristics. The addition of a pullout-resistant nut may be applicable to multilevel implant constructs to prevent screw pullout at the top and bottom.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

Interns' evaluation of their preparation for general practice: a comparison between the University of Tromsø and the University of Bergen.

A total of 168 interns who have graduated from the Medical Schools of Bergen and Tromsø were asked about various aspects of the medical curriculum. In Bergen the curriculum has a traditional structure with a pre-clinical and a clinical part, but in Tromsø the pre-clinical and clinical subjects are integrated. In addition, the students in Tromsø spend long periods in municipal hospitals and in the primary health care service. We were interested in how the interns from the two universities evaluated their respective curricula and how prepared they felt for their current work. There was a response rate of 86% to the questionnaire. The results showed that the interns from Tromsø are more satisfied with their education and feel more confident in their practical skills than the interns from Bergen. They are also more motivated for future work in general practice. In our opinion the main reason for these results is the difference in curricula in the two medical schools. Other possible reasons are also discussed.

Curriculum↗
PubMed2004

Universal ethical principles in a diverse universe: a commentary on Monshi and Zieglmayer's case study.

Monshi and Zieglmayer's case study presents Sri Lankan participants as having views on the privacy of health information that differ radically from those commonly found in Western nations. This article explores 2 questions that their case study raises for the ethical review of research in international settings: First, are allegedly universal ethical principles--of the sort promulgated in the Belmont Report (National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, 1978)--useful in international settings?, and second, how should research oversight bodies address the challenges that arise in international behavioral and social science research?

Behavioral Research↗
PubMed2000

Nerve biopsy: indications and contribution to the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. The experience of the Born Bunge Foundation University of Antwerp and University of Liege between 1987 and 1997.

We reviewed 355 nerve biopsies analysed at the Laboratories of Neuropathology of the Born-Bunge Foundation/University of Antwerp (BBF/UIA) and University of Liège (ULg) between 1987 and 1997. We examined the indications for nerve biopsy, the yield of the procedure, and the influence of clinical and neuropathological parameters. Contributory biopsies accounted for 35.5% and 47.3% respectively at ULg and BBF/UIA laboratories: of these, one third showed specific histological findings, the majority being informative only when combined with the relevant clinical data. The profile of indications for nerve biopsy was roughly comparable in both laboratories. The search for an inflammatory neuropathy prompted 35-40% of all biopsies with more than 50% of specimens being informative in this indication. The lowest yield (20%) was obtained among the nerve biopsies performed in the absence of any presumptive aetiology. These accounted for 22-33% of all cases. Inadequate surgical resection, delays in transport or processing errors precluded histological study of 4% (BBF/UIA) to 8% (ULg) of the specimens. We conclude that nerve biopsies should be performed by experienced surgeons and handled in specialised laboratories. Only a relatively small number of causes of neuropathy can be diagnosed on the basis of histology alone. More often, contributory biopsies will result from the combination of non-specific suggestive histological features with relevant clinical information. The diagnostic yield of nerve biopsy is function of careful patient selection and close collaboration between the clinician and the neuropathologist.

Biopsy↗
PubMed2003

The University of Missouri Rural Obstetric Network: creating rural obstetric training sites for a university-based residency program.

This paper describes a rural obstetric experience that was developed for a university-based family practice residency program and designed to increase the number of deliveries per resident, the number of graduates practicing in rural areas, and the number of graduates doing obstetrics. Rural hospitals can be a source of deliveries for residency training programs. This rural obstetric experience also offers more training months in a rural setting and more months training with family physicians.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1991

The Washington University-Barnes Hospital experience with lung transplantation. Washington University Lung Transplantation Group.

OBJECTIVE: --To review our experience with lung transplantation, emphasizing recipient selection, choice of procedure, functional results, and outcome. DESIGN: --Retrospective review of patients who received lung transplants at Barnes Hospital, St Louis, Mo, between July 1, 1988, and January 31, 1991. SETTING: --Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Mo, and Barnes Hospital, a medical school and its affiliated referral hospital, respectively. PATIENTS: --Sixty-nine lung transplant procedures were performed in 66 recipients. Patients with clinically and physiologically severe lung disease were selected according to predetermined guidelines. Underlying diseases in the recipients included chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency emphysema, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, primary pulmonary hypertension, Eisenmenger's syndrome associated with an atrial septal defect, bronchiectasis, eosinophilic granuloma, and lymphangiomyomatosis. INTERVENTION: --Double-lung, bilateral sequential, and single-lung transplantations were performed. Eight patients underwent en bloc double-lung transplantations or a modification of this procedure with separate bronchial anastomoses. Thereafter, the bilateral sequential approach to replacement of both lungs was performed in 26 patients. Thirty-two patients underwent single-lung transplantations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: --Pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gas levels, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and actuarial survival. RESULTS: --Actuarial survival at 1 year for the 66 lung transplant recipients was 79%. Actuarial survival at 1 year was 82% for the bilateral lung transplant recipients and was 90% for the single-lung transplant recipients. In patients with either restrictive or obstructive lung disease, pulmonary function tests and arterial blood gas levels improved markedly after lung transplantation. In patients with primary pulmonary hypertension or Eisenmenger's syndrome, the pulmonary artery pressure decreased and the cardiac index increased into the normal range after single-lung transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: --In carefully selected patients with end-stage lung disease, single-lung and bilateral lung transplantations can significantly improve functional capacity, with promising early actuarial survival statistics after 1 year.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1990

[A universally applicable mask attachment for fiberoptic intubation. The Mainz Universal Adapter].

The problems associated with "difficult airways" have almost subsided since the introduction of flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopes for tracheal intubation. Limitations of this technique persist with uncooperative patients, children and infants. We describe an universally applicable connector for fiberoptic intubation during mask ventilation, which fits all masks with a 22-mm connector, including the Rendell-Baker-Soucek type. This technique is of utmost value when a "difficult airway" is encountered only subsequent to induction of anesthesia, especially if nondepolarizing muscle relaxants have been administered. The device makes intubation possible with all sizes of fiberoptic bronchoscopes. The prerequisites for application of this technique include an airway that will be maintained by mask ventilation.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience with peroral biopsy of the small intestine at the University Hospital--Federal University of Rio de Janeiro].

The experience with 103 jejunal biopsies in the Rio de Janeiro University Hospital--UFRJ, from January 1983 to June 1985 is presented. It is reported the effectiveness of the method and the low number of complications. The importance as a valuable complementary method of diagnosis and the usefulness in the small intestine disease's scientific investigation is emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Educational organization in social gerontology at the Kassel General University, the University of the District of Hessen].

The study of social gerontology today has its practical relevance in its connection with social work/social pedagogics. The precondition to taking up this study is professional experience gained by working as a social worker/social educationalist for the elderly/helping the elderly. The dialogue between practice and experts from universities and the sciences forms the basis of the curriculum. The course lasting for 4 or 6 semesters covers: bases of social gerontology, study of a profession-related main topic, carrying out of a "professional" practice to become better informed, supervision and taking part in research projects which are relevant for practice. The aim is to make the social worker/social educator capable of acting and thinking in an interdisciplinary, social-gerontological manner.

Aged↗