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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Photon-number-resolving detection at a telecommunications wavelength with a charge-integration photon detector.

We demonstrate multiphoton discrimination at a telecommunications wavelength with the readout frequency of 40 Hz by a charge-integration photon detector (CIPD). The CIPD consists of an InGaAs pin photodiode and a GaAs junction field effect transistor as a preamplifier in a charge-integration circuit, which is cooled to 4.2 K to reduce thermal noise. The quantum efficiency of the CIPD (the detector itself) is 80% for 1530 nm light, and the readout noise is measured as 0.26 electrons at 40 Hz. We can construct Poisson distributions of photocarrier numbers with distinct peaks at each photocarrier number, corresponding to a signal-to-noise ratio of about 3.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2005

Effects of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) electromagnetic fields on the blood-brain barrier in vitro.

The extensive use of mobile phone communication has raised public concerns about adverse health effects of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in recent years. A central issue in this discussion is the question whether EMFs enhance the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Here we report an investigation on the influence of a generic UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) signal on barrier tightness, transport processes and the morphology of porcine brain microvascular endothelial cell cultures (PBEC) serving as an in vitro model of the BBB. An exposure device with integrated online monitoring system was developed for simultaneous exposure and measuring of transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) to determine the tightness of the BBB. PBEC were exposed continuously for up to 84 h at an average electric-field strength of 3.4-34 V/m (maximum 1.8 W/kg) ensuring athermal conditions. We did not find any evidence of RF-field-induced disturbance of the function of the BBB. After and during exposure, the tightness of the BBB quantified by 14C-sucrose and serum albumin permeation as well as by TEER remained unchanged compared to sham-exposed cultures. Permeation of transporter substrates at the BBB as well as the localization and integrity of the tight-junction proteins occludin and ZO1 were not affected either.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Timeliness of national reporting of communicable diseases: the experience of the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance.

The timeliness of reporting four nationally notifiable diseases was examined using data reported via the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance. Timeliness of reporting varied by disease (bacterial meningitis: median 20 days; salmonellosis: median 22 days; shigellosis: median 23 days; and hepatitis A: median 33 days) and by state. These findings indicate a need to standardize surveillance definitions and to account for reporting differences between states in interpreting regional disease trends or detecting multistate disease outbreaks.

Communicable Diseases↗
PubMed1999

Shop floor safety initiatives: the example of atmospheric testing in telecommunications cable vaults.

Strategies for occupational safety and health campaigns often overlook the possibilities afforded by initiatives centered in the workplace itself, as opposed to those focused, for example, at the bargaining table or in the legislature. Workers themselves sometimes may be more cognizant and informed of immediate health and safety issues than are their union representatives, and may formulate innovative or unorthodox approaches to hazard remediation. Such approaches may in fact succeed despite ineffectual contract language or weak regulatory protection. This article examines a successful struggle by a small group of telecommunications technicians to get the employer to revise its obsolete procedures for atmospheric testing of unventilated, underground cable vaults. It demonstrates that increased consideration should be given to shopfloor actions and creative use of the grievance procedure as useful tools in the struggle for occupational safety and health.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1992

HOT: the emergence of health oriented telecommunication applications.

America has benefited from decades of outstanding health services. However, the American health system now is in crisis--with runaway medical cost inflation, hospital closures, and unacceptably high and increasing numbers of uninsured people. Key solutions for bringing the health system into balance remain untapped in the potentials of health-oriented telecommunication, or HOT applications. HOT applications could rally the immense unused personal resources of the public for improving their own health, help upgrade the delivery and efficiency of healthcare and its administration, and improve public health's ability to deal with present and emerging system-level problems impacting health.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1997

Telecommunications and disease management in the home environment: new strategies to improve outcomes.

This article provides an overview of the issues and effects of principle-centered health care within organized systems of care; portrays a comprehensive disease management framework for home health care; and offers virtual health management, telecommunications, and mobile computing strategies to enable health management enterprises to achieve health and outcomes maximization accountability demands in managed care.

Disease Management↗
PubMed2000

Telerehabilitation services using web-based telecommunication.

A World Wide Wide-based telerehabilitation platform has been demonstrated in a laboratory environment. This platform allows a rehabilitation provider to thoroughly evaluate the progress of a patient remotely with the same care and measurement precision that would be possible if the provider and the patient were in the same room. The platform was designed to be Web-based so that the service could be offered at the same price without regard to long distance telecommunication facility charges. The Web-based implementation allows enough bandwidth for a simultaneous video teleconference and a precision data acquisition mode even when the Web connection is a low cost analog modem computer interface at both ends of the connection.

Ambulatory Care↗
PubMed1995

The main elements of the information system of the National Stroke Program (Smart Card - Telecommunication - Knowledge Bases).

The mortality of stroke in Hungary is 208 out of 100,000 inhabitants, which is very high in an international comparison. The age-group most in danger is between 35 and 50. There are 40-50 thousand hospital admissions each year because of stroke, the majority of them are unexpected crisis cases. In 1992, the government announced the National Stroke Program, which includes prevention, emergency, acute treatment and rehabilitation. Simultaneously with the medical-professional program, the National Stroke Program Information System (NSPI) has also been launched. Its aim is the direct backing up of the medical activity, the aiding of epidemiological tasks and preventive follow-up of patients. The system consists of an interactive database network in that it can guarantee accessibility, thus making every endeavour to assist in solving medical-professional problems with the help of modern information technology (smart care, telecommunication-device, etc.).

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Combining telecommunications and interactive multimedia health information on the electronic superhighway.

This paper describes a unique system of providing health education in community-based settings. This project combines the structure of a telecommunications delivery system with the appeal of a colorful interactive educational program to produce a new type of "telemultimedia" program. Learners in two rural areas of Colorado can enter the electronic world of the information superhighway by way of the Denver Free-Net at The University Colorado Health Science Center in Denver; they can access The Healthy Touch Series of multimedia programs on maternal-infant health from The University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston, Texas. This educational journey connects the learner with electronic devices in all three sites in a seamless interconnection of hardware and software. The journey was made possible by funding from The Colorado Trust and the W. K. Kellogg Foundation.

Colorado↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Telecommunications and multimedia systems in education: what developments for radiology?

What are the new perspectives for the radiologist with the development of new technologies of telecommunications? At present, when digitization of most biomedical images has become a reality, problems of remote transmission are simplified. However, telematic literacy is necessary to the radiologist. It is already possible through multimedia supports, as CD-ROM and Internet "navigation". Which are the modalities to access "the network of networks"? Through Internet, hypertexs can be consulted, databases can be accessed, programs and printings can be retrieved, electronic mail can be exchanged. The CD-ROM is a further source of knowledge, especially effective in education due to multimedia and hypertext technology. In this context in the education of the radiologist, the hypertext version of a radiology text, finds its place. It is conceived to offer to each user an individualized approach to learning.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1995

Opinion: a prototype for a computerized national mammography registry and tracking system using telecommunications and the Internet.

In this report, we analyze the feasability and discuss the potential benefits of using currently available technology for the wide-area registration and tracking of mammography patients. In our prototype, three dissimilar computer systems transmitted mammographic data (demographics and the results of mammograms) in a standardized format to a central data repository. Two of the three systems were dedicated computerized mammography systems and one was a general-purpose radiology information system. High-speed modems and the Internet were used to connect with the central repository, which could be queried in real time by remote users. Our results indicated that a busy mammography practice, using the slowest transmission method we tested (14-kilobaud modem), could transmit several days of mammographic data to a central repository in a matter of minutes. To implement systems that provide nation-wide mammographic tracking and follow up, more in-depth planning, development, and testing are necessary.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2006

A longitudinal study of the influence of smoking on the onset of obesity at a telecommunications company in Japan.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the influence of smoking on the onset of obesity. METHODS.: A 5-year follow-up study was carried out on 25,312 workers at the time of their annual health check-up from 1992 to 1997. Pooled logistic regression analyses by sex were performed with age, working conditions and lifestyle as independent variables and the onset of obesity (BMI> or =26.4) as a dependent variable adjusted for the time period. RESULTS: In males, the following factors increased the risk of the onset of obesity: smoking equal to or more than 20 cigarettes per day (versus nonsmokers), monthly holidays fewer than 5 days (versus >7 days), one-way commute more than 90 min (versus< or =60 min), sleeping less than 5 h, moderate and high preference for fatty meals (versus little preference). In females, 30-39 years, 40-49 years and 50-59 years (versus 20-29 years), being an ex-smoker, smoking fewer than 20 cigarettes per day, smoking equal to or more than 20 cigarettes per day (versus nonsmokers, respectively) and high preference for fatty meals (versus little preference) increased the risk of the onset of obesity. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that smoking independently increases the risk of the onset of obesity regardless of sex.

Adult↗