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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Technical report on semiautomatic segmentation using the Adobe Photoshop.

The purpose of this research is to enable users to semiautomatically segment the anatomical structures in magnetic resonance images (MRIs), computerized tomographs (CTs), and other medical images on a personal computer. The segmented images are used for making 3D images, which are helpful to medical education and research. To achieve this purpose, the following trials were performed. The entire body of a volunteer was scanned to make 557 MRIs. On Adobe Photoshop, contours of 19 anatomical structures in the MRIs were semiautomatically drawn using MAGNETIC LASSO TOOL and manually corrected using either LASSO TOOL or DIRECT SELECTION TOOL to make 557 segmented images. In a similar manner, 13 anatomical structures in 8,590 anatomical images were segmented. Proper segmentation was verified by making 3D images from the segmented images. Semiautomatic segmentation using Adobe Photoshop is expected to be widely used for segmentation of anatomical structures in various medical images.

Anatomy, Cross-Sectional↗
PubMed1994

Technical report: the subcutaneous administration of cocaine in the rat.

Eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 32 mg/kg cocaine, twice daily, for 2 weeks using a SC route of administration. Using a cocaine stock solution of 1.2-1.6 mg of cocaine hydrochloride per ml of sterile saline, we demonstrate, for the first time, the relative safety of subcutaneously administered cocaine in the rat. There was absolutely no evidence for focal dermal necrosis, in any rat, after the 2-week chronic period.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Characteristics of lymphocytes cultured from murine viral myocarditis specimens: a preliminary and technical report.

Long-term culture of lymphocytes from myocardial biopsy specimens has been reported. To test the usefulness of this technique in experimental models of murine myocarditis, the culture and characterization of lymphocytes from mice infected with encephalomyocarditis virus or coxsackievirus B3 were studied. Lymphocytes were successfully cultured from three hearts of encephalomyocarditis virus-infected mice in interleukin 2-containing culture. After approximately 10 days, lymphocytes migrated out of myocardium in the chronic stage of myocarditis and gradually increased in numbers. More than half of the exuding cells were Thy 1.2-positive. None of the myocardial samples from coxsackievirus B3-infected mice grew out lymphocytes. Pathologic examination of all specimens showed myocardial necrosis with lymphoid infiltration. Although further studies are needed, this preliminary study suggests that the technique of lymphocyte culture may promote new insights into the pathogenesis of experimental myocarditis.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Gene expression analysis of distinct populations of cells isolated from mouse and human inner ear FFPE tissue using laser capture microdissection--a technical report based on preliminary findings.

Laser Capture Microdissection (LCM) allows microscopic procurement of specific cell types from tissue sections that can then be used for gene expression analysis. We first tested this method with sections of adult mouse inner ears and subsequently applied it to human inner ear sections. The morphology of the various cell types within the inner ear is well preserved in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections, making it easier to identify cell types and their boundaries. Recovery of good quality RNA from FFPE sections can be challenging, however, recent studies in cancer research demonstrated that it is possible to carry out gene expression analysis of FFPE material. Thus, a method developed using mouse FFPE tissue can be applied to human archival temporal bones. This is important because the majority of human temporal bone banks have specimens preserved in formalin and a technique for retrospective analysis of human archival ear tissue is needed. We used mouse FFPE inner ear sections to procure distinct populations of cells from the various functional domains (organ of Corti, spiral ganglion, etc.) by LCM. RNA was extracted from captured cells, amplified, and assessed for quality. Expression of selected genes was tested by RT-PCR. In addition to housekeeping genes, we were able to detect cell type specific markers, such as Myosin 7a, p27(kip1) and neurofilament gene transcripts that confirmed the likely composition of cells in the sample. We also tested the method described above on FFPE sections from human crista ampullaris. These sections were approximately a year old. Populations of cells from the epithelium and stroma were collected and analyzed independently for gene expression. The method described here has potential use in many areas of hearing research. For example, following exposure to noise, ototoxic drugs or age, it would be highly desirable to analyze gene expression profiles of selected populations of cells within the organ of Corti or spiral ganglion cells rather than a mixed population of cells from whole inner ear tissue. Also, this method can be applied for analysis of human archival ear tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Hybrid PET-CT simulation for radiation treatment planning in head-and-neck cancers: a brief technical report.

PURPOSE: To prospectively study the impact on tumor and normal tissue delineation for RT planning by use of hybrid PET-CT simulation for patients with head-and-neck cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twenty-one patients were simulated in treatment position on a hybrid PET-CT scanner. Images were transferred to the Varian Eclipse planning system. Abnormal areas of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake were contoured on PET for the gross tumor volume of primaries (GTVp) and abnormal nodal region of primaries (ABNp) then compared with the same CT gross tumor volumes (GTVc) and abnormal nodal region (ABNc). A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the correlation of PET and CT volumes. RESULTS: Positron emission tomography demonstrated the primary in all cases, whereas CT did not find the primary in 3 cases. In 8 patients, additional areas of disease were seen only in PET. The average ratio of GTVc/GTVp was 3.1 (range, 0.3-23.6), whereas for ABNc/ABNp was 0.7 (range, 0-4). Volumes for the primaries were significantly larger on CT than on PET (p = 0.002) but not for nodal regions (p = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS: Hybrid PET-CT simulation is feasible and provides valuable information that results in greater delineation of normal tissues from tumor bearing areas at high risk for recurrence. This finding may further improve therapeutic window for IMRT for head-and-neck cancers.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Pediatric hand dressing: technical report.

A compressive or conforming dressing is an important aspect of hand surgery, particularly the role of uniform pressure to the entire hand. Pediatric hand patients require special considerations with respect to appropriate postoperative dressing to maintain equal limb compression and to maintain the dressing during the postoperative period. This article describes a specific upper-limb hand dressing that can be used in the infant and young child.

Bandages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

T-Coupler: a method of in situ coupling of plate-plate and rod-plate: a technical report.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: With the existing VSP plate using "no-cut," or low profile screws, with a 5-mm spacer on the screw, it is difficult or impossible to stack a second plate onto the existing in situ plate. In order to extend a fusion above or below, the plate must be explanted and replaced with a longer plate. PURPOSE: Situations exist where it would be advantageous to leave an existing plate in situ and couple a second plate onto the existing plate. A new device is described for in situ coupling of a plate to plate and a rod to plate using the VSP and lsola systems. STUDY DESIGN: A T-Coupler was designed to permit coupling of plate-to-plate and rod-to-plate. The T-Coupler was implanted into patients who were prospectively followed clinically and radiographically for a minimum of 2 years. PATIENT SAMPLE: Seventeen patients were selected who were deemed candidates for the above procedure. In each case, the patient had an existing fusion with Steffee plate and required extension of the fusion above or below the existing plate. OUTCOME MEASURES: The patients were followed clinically and radiographically for a minimum 2 years. METHODS: After obtaining FDA 510K clearance and appropriate mechanical testing, the T-Coupler was implanted into patients who were deemed appropriate candidates. In each case the patient had an existing fusion with a Steffee plate and required an extension of the fusion above or below. The patients were followed with anterior-posterior and flexion/extension lateral films every 3 months for 2 years and then every 6 months. The patient's clinical progress was also evaluated. RESULTS: The T-Coupler was used in 18 operations in 17 patients with a minimum follow-up of 24 months, an average follow-up of 49.6 months with a range of 24 to 84 months. Three patients underwent reexploration with direct visualization of the T-Coupler. There was no evidence of loosening or breakage, and radiographically all patients went on to solid fusions. CONCLUSIONS: The T-Coupler is a safe and effective device for the stacking of plates or rods onto an existing plate in selected patients. The T-Coupler may improve patient care by reducing the need to explant long constructs thereby reducing operating time, blood loss, and risk of infection.

Bone Plates↗
PubMed1997

Properties and Units in the Clinical Laboratory Sciences. IX. Properties and Units in Trace Elements (IUPAC-IFCC Technical report 1997). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and International Federation of Clinical Chemistry. rita.cornelis@rug.ac.be.

This document is the first recommendation on the presentation of trace elements and their values in clinical laboratory sciences from IFCC and IUPAC. It forms part of the ongoing effort to standardize requests and reporting of laboratory data for transmission across cultural and linguistic domains, without attempting to standardize the language used by clinicians and laboratory practitioners. Subsequent documents deal with syntax, kinds-of-property, and properties and units used in other areas of clinical laboratory sciences.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed2003

Technical report. Intra-operative ultrasound-guided needle localization for impalpable testicular lesions.

AIMS: To describe a new technique of intra-operative ultrasound-guided needle localization of impalpable intratesticular lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three patients with impalpable testicular lesions identified on ultrasound underwent needle localization under ultrasound guidance. The procedure was performed in the operating theatre under general anaesthetic using a 7.5-8 MHz linear array probe and a portable ultrasound machine. Under direct guidance, a 21 G needle was placed through the centre of the lesion allowing resection and immediate frozen section analysis. RESULTS: In two patients malignancy was confirmed and an orchidectomy was performed. In one patient a benign lesion was detected obviating the need for orchidectomy. CONCLUSION: Patients presenting with impalpable testicular lesions can pose a diagnostic dilemma and orchidectomy is often performed. We describe an ultrasound-guided intra-operative localization technique enabling direct pathological examination so surgical approach can be re-evaluated in the presence of a benign lesion. This is particularly important in the case of a solitary testicle in order to preserve testicular function.

Adult↗