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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Experimental induction of struvite uroliths in miniature schnauzer and beagle dogs.

Urease positive staphylococcal urinary tract infection was experimentally induced in 13 dogs. Eight dogs developed cystic and/or urethral struvite calculi in 2 to 8 weeks. No abnormalities in systemic cell mediated immunity were detected in dogs before or after the establishment of the urinary tract infection. Miniature schnauzers whose ancestors had developed stones seemed to be no more susceptible to experimental urinary tract infection and stone formation than miniature schnauzers or beagles whose ancestors did not develop stones.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Struvite calculi dietetics: 2. Effect of ammonium chloride and carbonates on the acid-base and mineral balance of cats].

Six healthy adult cats were fed a basal minced beef meat and rice diet with varying amounts or combinations of acidifying and alkalizing additives (ammonium chloride, calcium and sodium carbonate). The base excess in the food (mmol/kg dry matter) was calculated (data on food compounds in g/kg dry matter) as follows: base excess = 49.9*Ca + 82.3*Mg + 43.5*Na + 25.6*K - 64.6*P - 13.4*Met-16.6*Cystine -28.2*Cl. It amounted to between +305 and -1079 mmol/kg dry matter. Urine and blood pH as well as balance of minerals and water were determined in the cats. The mean urine pH ranged between 6.1 and 7.8. There was a highly significant correlation between the base excess in the food and the mean urine pH. The regression line was linear down to a base excess in the diet of about -400 to -500 mmol/kg dry matter and a pH in the urine of 6.2. The postprandial increase of urine pH was suppressed either by large amounts of ammonium chloride (> 780 mmol/kg dry matter) alone or in combination with calcium carbonate, but not in combination with sodium carbonate. The relationship between the decrease of the blood pH and the amount of ammonium chloride added to the diet was more marked than the relationship between blood pH and base excess in the food. In order to avoid health risks by long term application of acidifying diets it is recommended to formulate struvite diets with low base excess in such a way, that they contain as few alkalizing compounds as possible, which must be neutralized by acidifiers.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1996

Struvite stones: long term follow up under metaphylaxis.

This study presents the results of a 10-year metaphylaxis of 19 former struvite stone formers, each having had 2-3 stone operations. In these patients, urine was acidified with L-methionine (Acimethin) using a dose of three to six tablets 500 mg/day. Every three months, 11 laboratory parameters were checked in 24-hour urine. 6 parameters were determined in serum. In addition, urine samples were tested for infection. Statistical analysis of analytical data, which was supported by computer graphs, provided the results for the urinary parameters. They were described by geometric means and 95% confidence intervals using ANOVA (analysis of variance). During therapy, the mean pH values decreased significantly from 7.5 to 5.5. Signific-ant increases were found in the excretion of citrate, magnesium, potassium, and uric acid. An increase was also found for calcium, which, however, could not be confirmed to be statistically significant (p = 0.08). In serum, changes of parameters could only be registered for calcium and phosphate. However, at all times, total serum concentrations stayed within their normal limits. Three patients suffered occasional infections (16%), only two of them formed recurrent stones (10%). In assessing the efficacy of L-methionine therapy, the drop in urinary pH to acidic values was the most relevant factor for metaphylaxis.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1979

Giant dendritic struvite calculus associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the ipsilateral renal pelvis and bladder: a case report and review of the literature.

Renal calculi weighing in excess of 100 gm. are rare, since most stones cause arrest of renal function before they reach giant proportions. We report a rare case of a 100 per cent struvite calculus weighing 698 gm., associated with transitional cell carcinoma of the ipsilaterl renal pelvis. A summary of the large calculi reported in the recent literature is included.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1977

Struvite staghorn calculi in crossed fused ectopia.

Two patients with a struvite staghorn calculus in crossed fused renal ectopia are described. The susceptibility of these patients to urinary tract infection is discussed as is the anomalous extrarenal arterial vasculature to the ectopic and non-ectopic kidneys. Both patients were treated successfully with anatrophic nephrolithotomy and each has remained free of recurrent calculous disease to date.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Unusual case of foreign body-induced struvite urolithiasis in a dog.

A 6-year-old, castrated male dog was presented because of inappropriate urination and hematuria. Radiographs indicated a bladder stone with a sewing needle at its center. The urolith was removed and diagnosed as predominantly struvite, most likely a result of the foreign body and a urinary tract infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The origin and causes of struvite stones.

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the possible causes of the origin of "infection stones". The main differences between the ordinary biochemical parameters of a group of patients with this type of stones was analyzed and compared with a group of oxalocalcic stone-formers and with a group of healthy subjects. The importance of persistent basic urinary pH values is pointed out as possible origin of "infection stones" in some instances. The main urinary citrate concentration in patients with "infection stones" was significantly lower than in healthy subjects, this being an important factor that favours this kind of stone formation.

Calcium Oxalate↗
PubMed1983

Partial dissolution of struvite calculus with oral acetohydroxamic acid.

Most staghorn calculi occur in patients who have chronic urinary tract infections with urea-splitting organisms. Acetohydroxamic acid, an inhibitor of the bacterial urease enzyme, is currently undergoing clinical trials to determine whether or not it can prevent stone growth in patients at risk. We report on a patient whose stones grew while she was taking placebo and then decreased in size when she took the active drug.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

P removal from anaerobic supernatants by struvite crystallization: long term validation and process modelling.

In this work, a model for phosphorus crystallization in a fluidized bed reactor, able to describe the experimental results obtained during a semiscale pilot plant, is presented. In particular, the validity of the model proposed has been evenly extended with respect to a previous experiment, even at a lower contact time, and the length of each experiment has been increased, in order to verify the behaviour of the process for long term applications and to evaluate the maximum crystal growth of the system. Moreover, the state of the art of the available processes for phosphorus removal from wastewater is presented, together with a detailed review of the several models so far developed to describe the phosphorus crystallization mechanisms.

Crystallization↗