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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Is there a relationship between the assessment of coronary risk on the Framingham and Sheffield tables and the sixth report of the Joint National Committee? Relationship between tables of coronary risk].

OBJECTIVES: To find the distribution of coronary risk (CR) in the various groups of hypertense patients in the Joint National Committee (JNC VI), using both the Framingham and Sheffield tables, and to assess whether there is a relationship between the different scales used. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: Tortosa Oeste Health District, Tarragona. Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Rural population between 30 and 74 years old with Hypertension, but without any background of cardiovascular pathology. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: The variables studied corresponded to the Anderson table in the Framingham study, the Sheffield table and the JNC VI one. Concordance was assessed with the kappa coefficient. RESULTS: 148 hypertense patients with an average age of 62, 63.5% of whom were women, were studied. 23% had high CR on the Framingham, and 42.1% on the Sheffield. Distribution of the sample according to the stratification of the JNC VI was: A, 16.2%; B, 51.4%, and C, 32.4%. High risk on the Framingham in the various groups of the JNC VI was: A, 0%; B, 9.2%, and C, 56.3% (kappa, 0.533). High risk on the Sheffield in the groups of the JNC VI ran at: A, 4.2%; B, 41.3%, and C, 66.7% (kappa, 0.324). CONCLUSIONS: There was moderate concordance between the Framingham tables and the JNC VI for calculation of CR in our population.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

How do patients with rheumatic disease experience their relationship with their doctors? A qualitative study of experiences of stress and support in the doctor-patient relationship.

This study is evaluated what patients with rheumatic disease perceive as important in their medical encounters. We interviewed two groups of patients: one with a well-defined inflammatory condition (rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or ankylosing spondylitis) (n = 12) and one with non-inflammatory widespread chronic pain such as fibromyalgia (n = 14). Both groups focused on their relationship to their doctor. Two central themes emerged as of importance: 'to be seen' and 'to be believed'. However, these themes had different connotations for the two groups. For the patients with inflammatory conditions, 'to be seen' implied being seen as an individual and not as a mere diagnosis, and 'to be believed' as far as pain and suffering were concerned. For patients with non-inflammatory chronic pain 'to be seen' and 'to be believed' primarily implied being able to obtain a useful somatic diagnosis. Practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

The psychological and interpersonal relationship scales: assessing psychological and relationship outcomes associated with erectile dysfunction and its treatment.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with complex psychological and interpersonal issues. A new measure of treatment outcome, the Psychological and Interpersonal Relationship Scales (PAIRS), was developed to evaluate the broader psychological and interpersonal outcomes associated with erectile dysfunction and its treatment. Initial items were generated based on literature review, focus groups and market research, interviews with patients and partners, and consultation with expert clinicians. Domains of Sexual Self-Confidence, Spontaneity, and Time Concerns were identified and subsequently confirmed by factor analysis. A series of validation studies was performed with four separate samples, including assessment of internal consistency and test-retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and treatment responsiveness. Samples for these studies included men recruited from clinical trials for ED in several countries ( N =413) and a community sample ( N =801). Findings from these studies indicate that PAIRS demonstrates adequate psychometric properties and appears well suited for use in further clinical studies of treatments for ED. It provides a broader assessment of treatment outcome than current measures of erectile function.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Does minimal access mean minimal relationship? Defining the physician-patient relationship in postmodern culture.

Minimal access surgery is a good example of medicine in the postmodern era. It embodies the problems we see in both medicine and society that affect the way physicians and patients interact. The purpose of this article is to evaluate and assess the impact of these factors on the focused relationship between the physician and patient. We will discuss how minimal access surgery may be the start of a "new medicine" to benefit both patient and physician.

Humans↗
PubMed2003

Posthypnotic amnesia for a first romantic relationship: Forgetting the entire relationship versus forgetting selected events.

This experiment investigated the impact of suggestion focus on posthypnotic amnesia (PHA) for memories of a first romantic relationship. During hypnosis, high and low hypnotisable participants recalled specific memories from this period in response to 10 cue phrases (Elicitation). They then received a PHA suggestion that targeted either the entire period or specific memories from that period. Participants' explicit memory was indexed by cued recall after PHA was administered (memories recalled to "old" and "new" cues; Recall 1) and after it was cancelled (Recall 2). A social judgement task indexed dissociations between implicit and explicit memory. PHA had the greatest impact on highs', but not lows', memory performance (in terms of memories recalled to old cues, recall latency, and qualitative memory ratings) when the suggestion targeted the entire period rather than specific events. We discuss these findings in terms of the parameters of PHA's influence on memory, its value for exploring the nature and structure of autobiographical memory, and its utility as a laboratory analogue of functional amnesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Relationship of trauma patient volume to outcome experience: can a relationship be defined?

OBJECTIVES: Five years experience recorded in a multi-institutional pediatric trauma registry was analyzed to define the relationship between case volume and outcome as measured by mortality. METHODS: A total of 30,930 records with complete data were categorized by contributing hospital. Patients with fatal injury as indicated by an injury severity score of 75 or any abbreviated injury scale of 6 were excluded. Each center's experience was stratified by injury severity using injury severity score > or = 15 as indicative of severe injury. Centers were then classified as low volume (LV, 100-500 cases), mid volume (MV, 501-1,000 cases), or high volume (HV, > 1,000 cases). Proportion of patients with severe injury (injury severity score > 15) and mortality were compared among groups using the chi(2) test with significance accepted at p < 0.05. Using the Pediatric Risk Indicator to adjust for mortality risk, the combined hospital experience of each volume group was further analyzed to assess performance with specific levels of increasing injury severity. RESULTS: Findings demonstrated a trend of increasing mortality with increasing volume, despite a consistent proportion of severe injury. Risk adjusted mortality for each volume class indicates best outcome in the mid level group. CONCLUSIONS: Regardless of overall volume of patients encountered, there is a consistent proportion of severe injury. The increasing mortality with the most severe injuries seen in the high volume centers may reflect overdemand on resources.

Hospital Mortality↗
PubMed1994

Children's relationships with peers: differential associations with aspects of the teacher-child relationship.

Associations between children's social competence with peers and differential aspects of their teacher-child relationships were examined in a longitudinal sample of 48 4-year-old children enrolled in child care as infants. Toddler security with teacher was negatively associated with hostile aggression and positively with complex peer play and gregarious behaviors. Prosocial behaviors and withdrawing behaviors were associated with preschool security with teacher. Dependence on teachers as a preschooler was associated with social withdrawal and hostile aggression. Positive toddler teacher socialization was associated with higher perceived peer acceptance. Preschool teacher negative socialization was negatively associated with complex peer play, teacher ratings of hesitancy, friendly enactment, and accidental attribution and positively related to teacher ratings of difficulty.

Child Behavior↗
PubMed2007

Impact of temperature on the relationship between respiration and nitrogen concentration in roots: an analysis of scaling relationships, Q10 values and thermal acclimation ratios.

* The impact of nitrogen (N) supply on the temperature response of root respiratory O(2) uptake (R) was assessed in several herbaceous species grown in solution culture. Warm-grown (25 : 20 degrees C, day:night) plants differing in root N concentration were shifted to 13 : 8 degrees C for 7 d to cold-acclimate. * Log-log plots of root R vs root N concentration both showed that R increased with increasing tissue N concentration, irrespective of the growth temperature. Although the regression slopes of the log-log plots did not differ between the warm-grown and cold-acclimated plants, cold-acclimated plants did exhibit a higher y-axis intercept than their warm-grown counterparts. This suggests that cold acclimation of root R is not entirely dependent on cold-induced increases in tissue N concentration and that scaling relationships (i.e. regression equations fitted to the log-log plots) between root R and N concentration are not fixed. * No systematic differences were found in the short-term Q(10) (proportional change in R per 10 degrees C change in temperature), or degree of cold acclimation (as measured by the proportional difference between warm- and cold-acclimated roots) among roots differing in root N concentration. The temperature response of root R is therefore insensitive to tissue N concentration. * The insensitivity of Q(10) values and acclimation to tissue N concentration raises the possibility that root R and its temperature sensitivity can be predicted for a range of N supply scenarios.

Acclimatization↗
PubMed1977

Phylogenetic relationships of bacterial endosymbionts of Paramecium aurelia: polynucleotide sequence relationships of 51 kappa and its mutants.

Hydroxyapatite chromatographic procedures were used to investigate the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence relationships of kappa of Paramecium tetraurelia stock 51 and the organisms that have been designated as mutants of 51 kappa. Of the "mutants" studied, only 51m43 kappa possessed a high percentage (89%) of DNA sequences homologous to those of 51 kappa. All other "mutant" strains possessed less than 25% polynucleotide sequence homology to 51 kappa DNA. The three strains of pi endosymbionts (51m1 pi, 51m43 pi, and 139 pi) share greater than 75% DNA sequence homology with each other and approximately 50% DNA sequence homology with 138 mu, the mate-killer endosymbiont found in P. octaurelia. Only 23% of the 51 kappa DNA sequences were found to be homologous with those of 51m1 kappa. The data indicate that of the "mutants" studied, only 51m43 kappa could be a mutant of 51 kappa. The pi endosymbionts comprise a closely related group of organisms that are also related to 138 mu but not to any of the kappas tested. The group of organisms designated as kappa appears to be comprised of at least two distinct phylogenetic groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Studies in vitro of the relationship between ultrasound and laser Doppler velocimetry and applicability to the simplified Bernoulli relationship.

While there has been wide general acceptance of Doppler methods that use the simplified Bernoulii relationship to estimate pressure gradients across stenotic orifices, there is still ongoing controversy related to potential sources of error in the method. In this study we tested accuracy o ultrasound Doppler measurements of flow velocity when compared with the gold standard of laser light Doppler anemometry in a pulsatile flow model of pulmonic stenosis in vitro. We tested two commercially available Doppler systems and examined steered and nonsteered, parallel and off-axis and angle-corrected velocity determinations using continuous-wave and high-pulse repetition frequency (HPRF) methods. We also examined the potential range of error in the simplified Bernoulli method. One hundred and twenty individual flow states were examined with three stenotic valve orifices (3.0, 1.0, and 0.5 cm2 flow area) to measure velocities up to 620 cn/sec. A very high correlation coefficient was obtained for the comparison of laser Doppler anemometric and ultrasound velocity recordings by the nonsteered continuous-wave technique (r= .99, SEE = 17.9 cn/sec), but there was a tendency for underestimation of higher velocities when the transducer was positioned at 30 degrees and the ultrasound beam was steered so as to be parallel to the visualized flow jet (r = .98, SEE = 29.6 cn/sec). The HPRF ultrasound Doppler technique was also highly accurate in this optimized setting for measuring velocities (r = .99, SEE = 17 cm/sec), but also slightly underestimated the highest velocities. Our results also verified the accuracy of the simplified Bernoulli equation for converting instantaneous velocity measurements to estimated peak instantaneous gradient (r = .97, SEE = 8.4 mm Hg).

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Demonstrating evolutionary relationships between macromolecular sequences through mutual relationships with a third sequence.

Corresponding sites of the Euglena chloroplast and yeast small subunit ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) show only an insignificant match with each other but show extensive matches with Euglena chloroplast tRNA(arg). The match with the tRNA extends farther toward the 5' end of the Euglena rRNA and toward the 3' end of the yeast rRNA. The expected number of such configurations given the number of RNAs searched is about 1 in 100,000. Comparison of two sequences with a third sequence frequently reveals relationships where pairwise comparisons fail to do so.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Study on the relationships between leptin levels and weights of mothers and infants and the relationships of cord serum leptin to C-peptide, insulin and insulin like growth factor-II].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationships between serum leptin levels and maternal weights in late pregnancy and cord blood leptin levels to birth-weights, C-peptide, insulin and insulin like growth factor (IGF-II). METHODS: Fifty normal pregnant women at 37-38 weeks and their newborns were studied, and 29 non-pregnant women were set as control. Venous blood was taken from women and from the cord at delivery. Blood leptin and cord blood C-peptide, insulin, and IGF-II were measured by radio-immunoassay. RESULTS: The average leptin level in maternal sera was (13.62 +/- 3.68) micrograms/L, significantly higher than that in the control (6.60 +/- 3.04) micrograms/L and that in cord blood (8.05 +/- 4.61) micrograms/L. Maternal leptin levels were significantly correlated with maternal weights and body mass index (BMI. r = 0.33, 0.35, P < 0.05), but not with infant birth-weights (r = 0.10, P > 0.05). Cord blood leptin levels were significantly correlated with birth-weights and BMI (r = 0.54, 0.49, P < 0.001) but have no correlation with maternal leptin levels (r = 0.19, P > 0.05). Significant difference of the cord leptin levels was not seen between the males and females. The cord blood C-peptide was (0.86 +/- 0.35) microgram/L, insulin (8.49 +/- 4.76) mU/L and IGF-II (0.218 +/- 0.076) microgram/T. Cord leptin levels were correlated with C-peptide levels (r = 0.37, P < 0.05), but not with insulin and IGF-II levels (r = 0.19, -0.14, P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Maternal leptin levels in late pregnancy were significantly higher than those in normal non-pregnant women and positively correlated with maternal weights and BMI. Cord blood leptin levels were positively correlated with birth-weights and BMI of the newborns. The leptin levels of cord blood were correlated with those of C-peptide but not insulin and IGF-II.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Study on the relationship between toddler temperament and development (second report)--the relationship between toddler temperament and developmental delay].

The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between toddler temperament and developmental delay, and to examine whether the result could be adapted to the health practice of mother and child. As the conceptual framework, we used A. J. Sameroff's transactional model. Questionnaires concerning toddler temperament, rearing environment and toddler development were sent to mothers whose children were scheduled to receive 1 year and 6 months child health examinations, and collected 306 responses. We assessed the developmental status of 41 children among the 306 by means of the Japanese edition of the Denver Developmental Screening Test. All 306 children were classified into either the developmental delayed group (30) or the normal group (275). The data analyses were conducted both quantitatively and qualitatively with the following results. Compared with normal children, developmentally delayed children showed these characteristics: (1) The temperamental category scores of adaptability and persistence were higher, indicating low adaptability and persistence. The prevalence of difficult child, slow to warm up (STWU) child and intermediate high child was relatively higher, with STWU child the highest. (2) The score for the rearing environment was lower. (3) There were cases where disagreement between a child's temperament and the mother's rearing behavior had an influence on the child's development. As a conclusion, these results indicate that a child's temperament must be considered developmental and child-rearing counseling in child health examinations.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

The relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and periodontal health. 3. Relationship to gingival recession.

Aggressive or improper toothbrushing techniques may have a detrimental impact on the gingiva. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and gingival recession. Gingival recession was measured on the mid facial surfaces of the incisors, canines, and premolars in 238 patients presenting for routine dental appointments. All patients had been interviewed previously regarding their oral hygiene habits and use of Miswak. Patients were divided into three groups: Miswak group, toothbrush group, and Miswak/toothbrush group. The Miswak users had significantly more (P less than or equal to .05) sites gingival recession than did the toothbrush users. Furthermore, the severity of the recession was significantly more (P less than or equal to .05) pronounced in the Miswak users than it was in the toothbrush users.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

The relationship between chewing sticks (Miswak) and periodontal health. 2. Relationship to plaque, gingivitis, pocket depth, and attachment loss.

For centuries, chewing sticks have been used as a tooth-cleaning device. One of the most commonly used types is known as the Miswak. Despite its common use, few studies have examined possible effects on the gingiva and the surrounding structures. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between Miswak and periodontal health. The incisors, canines, and premolars were examined in 236 patients. All patients were interviewed regarding their demographic data, oral hygiene habits, and use of Miswak. Clinical examination included scoring of plaque, gingival inflammation, pocket depths, attachment loss, and gingival recession. Patients were divided into three groups: a Miswak group, a toothbrush group, and a Miswak/toothbrush group. The results of this study indicated that use of the Miswak may influence plaque accumulation and periodontal health.

Dental Devices, Home Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Relationship between growth and tooth eruption. Relationship between growth and physical development and eruption of first permanent molars in São Paulo students].

In order to verify the relationship between the children's growth and their teeth's emergence the authors surveyed 1278 school children in São Paulo's Ipiranga District, 1024 from government controlled schools and 254 from a private school, finding their weight and height anthropometric measures related to the emergence of permanent molars. Their ages were four (completed) to eight incompleted). It was verified that the children from the private school presented in average higher weight and height than those from government controlled schools as well as higher percentages of first permanent molars erupted, in both the sexes and in all the age groups and that there was a positive association between the children's growth and their teeth's emergence.

Body Height↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Disordered relationships in psychoses and forms of relationships in their psychotherapy].

In psychosis the relationship between the patient and the world is deeply altered because the self-absorbment of the patient within the influence of his bad intrapsychic objects. The psychotherapy is possible through the establishment of a therapeutic symbiosis, where parts of the ill personality are introjected by the psychotherapist and parts of his personality are adopted by the patient, as shown by the fact that the dreams, the unconscious fantasies, and the efforts of the therapist reflect the anxieties of the patient, whereas the patient's dreams are structured by the inner movements of the psychotherapist, as if there were a partially shared identity between them both.

Fantasy↗
PubMed1995

[Evaluation and analysis of social relationships of children in clinical practice and research: "Social Relationship Scale for Children"].

The Social Relationship Procedure for Children (Soziales Beziehungsverfahren f¿ur Kinder, SOBEKI), a technique employing figure tasks and interviewing, is a new clinical psychology assessment instrument for use with children. With this instrument it is possible to (a) determine the significant others (social network) of 6- to 12-year-old children, (b) measure how specific functions are divided among members of a child's social networks, and (c) visualizing cohesion and hierarchical structures of the children's networks within and outside their families. In the present paper the theoretical foundations, administration and assessment of the procedure are outlined. In addition, the results of a comparison of children with psychiatric disorders and a healthy control group are presented.

Child↗