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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Prevalence, awareness and determinants of health care-seeking behaviour for urinary incontinence in Qatari women: a neglected problem?

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, awareness and determinants of urinary incontinence (UI) among Qatari women and the sociodemographic factors involved in their health care-seeking behaviour. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was used to determine the symptoms of UI experienced by Arabian Gulf women. SETTING: Primary Health Care (PHC) Centres and community-based study in Qatar. SUBJECTS: A multistage sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1000 Qatari women aged 45 years and above were included from January to June 2003. MEASUREMENTS: Participants completed a questionnaire assessing UI in the previous 12 months and health care-seeking behavior for urinary symptoms. RESULTS: Of 1000 women living in urban and semiurban areas who were asked, 798 (79.8%), representing the study sample, agreed to participate and completed the questionnaire. Of these, 164 (20.6%) were found to have UI. Overall, the reason for not seeking medical attention was mainly embarrassment (40.6%) at having to speak with doctor. Of the total study sample, 562 subjects (70.4%) believed that UI was abnormal and worth reporting to a doctor. Coping mechanisms among incontinent women included frequent washing (58.3%) and wearing a protective perennial pad (42.4%), changing underwear frequently (41.3%), decreasing fluid intake (19.8%) and stopping all work (4.9%). Sufferers were most troubled by their inability to pray (64%) and their marital relationship (47%), limitation of their social activities (20%), difficulty in doing housework (14%) and inconvenience during shopping (13%). Most (71.9%) of the incontinent subjects were self-conscious, ashamed of themselves and troubled by guilt (P < 0.001); 56% found it most embarrassing to discuss UI with their husbands. The majority of women (51.9%) believed child birth to be the major cause of UI, followed by ageing (49.5%), menopause (34.2%) and paralysis (25.3%). Most of the subjects (62.3%) believe that UI can cause infection, some (20.5%) believe that it can cause skin allergy and very few think that it can cause cancer or other disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that although UI is relatively common in the community, it is underreported by Qatari women because of social and cultural attitudes and-most importantly-lack of information. This findings suggest that strategies to promote care-seeking for incontinence must be developed and employed in the community.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Maternal knowledge, attitude and practice on folic acid intake among Arabian Qatari women.

BACKGROUND: Periconceptional folic acid supplementation is effective in preventing primary and secondary neural tube defects (NTDs) and other congenital defects. It is important to estimate folate intake and knowledge in women of child-bearing age, in relation to risk of congenital anomalies. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge about the usefulness of periconceptional folic acid supplementation in a sample of women in the child-bearing age. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Eleven primary health care centers and women's hospital in Qatar. SUBJECTS: A multistage sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1,800 Qatari women aged between 18 and 45 years were surveyed during the period June to November 2004. One thousand four hundred and eighty women (82.2%) expressed their consent to participate in this study. METHODS: A confidential, anonymous questionnaire was completed by the selected subjects assessing folic acid awareness. Questionnaires were administered to women who were seeking routine antenatal care at health centers and Women's Hospital. Questions covered knowledge and use of folic acid supplements, pregnancy intention, and demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Factors affecting study outcomes were examined individually by computing crude odd ratios and adjusted for other covariates using unconditional logistic regression. RESULTS: Out of 1480 women surveyed, 53.7% of them reported that they heard of folate. Of these, only half of the subjects knew that folate was something important. Overall, 20.3% of the respondents took folic acid. The most common information sources on folate were physicians (63.4%), and newspapers/magazine/books (21.7%). From those who heard of folate, only 14% knew that it can prevent birth defects. 40.6% of the subjects who heard folate were aware that green leafy vegetables were fortified with folic acid. In univariate analysis, awareness of folic acid was significantly associated with education of mother. Again, higher educated women (41.3%) knew more about folic acid and used it more often in the periconceptional and first trimester period. CONCLUSION: Awareness and use of folic acid was less prevalent among Qatari women. Educated women were aware of the importance of the intake of folic acid. The study findings suggested possible avenue for intervention to increase awareness and intake of folic acid.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Public knowledge and attitudes toward organ donation and transplantation: a cross-cultural study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge, attitudes, awareness, and determinants of organ donation and transplantation in a Qatari population. DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study to determine the knowledge and attitude toward organ donation in a Peninsula Arabian Gulf country. SETTING: The setting was Primary Health Care (PHC) Centers and community-based study in Qatar. SUBJECTS: A multistage sampling design was used in a representative sample of 1600 Qataris and non-Qataris, including males and females of at least 17 years of age, from October 2003 to May 2004. In this study a 1305 (81.5%) subjects participated, each giving consent for the study. MEASUREMENTS: Participants completed a questionnaire assessing their knowledge, attitudes, and awareness for organ donation. RESULTS: Of 1305 samples, 637 (48.8%) males and 668 females (51.2%) living in urban and semiurban areas agreed to participate and complete the questionnaire. Of these, 762 (58.4%) were Qataris. There was a significant difference between Qataris and non-Qataris with respect to their age, educational level, monthly income, and occupation. In this study, 31.6% of Qataris and 29.8% of non-Qataris had no idea about the organ donation; 37.8% of Qataris and 32.8% of non-Qataris were willing to donate their organs. The majority of subjects preferred donating organs to their close relatives and friends. However, 83.8% of the studied subjects did not agree with an incentive-based approach for donating organs. CONCLUSION: This study showed that people should not be blamed for not being willing to participate in organ donation, but the health system and health education providers are responsible. A more effective approach should be tried regarding health education.

Cross-Cultural Comparison↗
PubMed2000

Influence of drivers' comprehension of posted signs on their safety related characteristics.

The paper studies the relationship between drivers' understanding of posted signs in three of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states, Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and some of their safety related characteristics. These characteristics are driving experience, accident involvement, experience per accident, citations received in the last 3 years on speed limit violations, and seat belt usage. A total of 28 posted signs were investigated. These were categorized as warning and regulatory. To achieve the above goals a questionnaire, specially prepared to collect the necessary data, was distributed to over 6000 drivers in the three states. Over 2820 (47%) responded back. Comprehension of posted signs for drivers with high years of driving experience proved to be significantly better than those with lesser experience. However, the results revealed no significant influence on their accident involvements, even when the effect of age is incorporated; experience per accident ratios, or speed citations. Further, the seat belt usage is also found to increase with understanding of posted signs.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1997

Incidence of congenital heart disease in Qatari children.

We surveyed the incidence of congenital heart disease in 49887 native live born children in the period between 1984 to 1994 in Qatar. Each child with clinically suspected congenital heart disease underwent echocardiographic examination. Magnetic resonance imaging, cardiac catheterization and surgical intervention were done at the discretion of the patient's pediatric cardiologist. Virtually no postmortem examinations were performed. Children with congenital heart disease were entered into a computerized database and were then followed for 1-11 years. Congenital heart disease was diagnosed in 610 of 49,887 children for an incidence of 12.23/1000 live births. The reasons for the high incidence were high proportion of small muscular ventricular septal defects discovered before the time of their spontaneous closure, referral to and follow up by a single group of pediatric cardiologists, location of the pediatric cardiology service in the same setting where nearly all of the deliveries took place, freely available health care service, and echocardiographic examination of every child with a clinical diagnosis of congenital heart disease.

Female↗
PubMed2002

Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the blue-barred flame parrot fish, Scarus ghobban Forsskål, 1775, in Qatari waters of the Arabian Gulf.

Neoechinorhynchus qatarensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) is described from the marine blue-barred flame parrot fish Scarus ghobban Forsskål, 1775 in the Arabian Gulf waters off the coast of Qatar. The new species is distinguished from all other species of the genus Neoechinorhynchus by its unique reproductive system and a glandular structure associated with the proboscis receptacle in both males and females. Other uncommon features of N. qatarensis are also discussed.

Acanthocephala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Recurrent early pregnancy loss and consanguinity.

The present authors have studied the possible relationship between recurrent miscarriage and consanguinity in the Qatari population, where the prevalence of first cousin marriage is 47%. The maternal of three or more early pregnancy losses were compared with those of 92 non-consanguineous women from the same population and with the same obstetrical history, matched for maternal age. The retrospective investigation showed no difference in the rate of previous pregnancy loss and maternal disorders, including diabetes, thyroid dysfunction and immunity, abnormal uterine and ovarian anatomy or thrombophilia. There was also no evidence of familial clustering of recurrent miscarriage in both groups. The prospective study showed no difference in the rate of subsequent pregnancy loss and the median gestational age and fetal weight at delivery in ongoing pregnancies. The absence of a relationship between recurrent miscarriage and consanguinity in Qatar could be due to the particular characteristics of the native Qatari population, in which rare recessive genes are uncommon, or overall to the absence of an association between recurrent miscarriage and consanguinity.

Abortion, Habitual↗
PubMed2006

The Arabian Gulf University College of Medicine and Medical Sciences: a successful model of a multinational medical school.

In the late 1970s, leaders of the Arabian [corrected] Gulf countries proposed a novel idea of a joint educational and cultural venture: establishing a new regional university based in the Kingdom of Bahrain that would be managed as a multinational consortium of Gulf countries including Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, and Bahrain. It was intended to promote higher education and research in the Gulf region; to serve the development needs of the region; to reflect the unique economic, social, and cultural attributes of the Gulf communities and their environments; and to respond to the health care needs of the member countries. Since its inception in 1982, the College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS) at Arabian Gulf University (AGU) has adopted the educational philosophy of problem-based learning (PBL) and self-directed, student-centered education. The curriculum is integrated, with early introduction of education to foster clinical skills and professional competencies. The strategic alliance with the health care systems in Bahrain and other Gulf regions has created a successful model of efficient and effective initialization of health care resources in the community. The experience that has accumulated at the AGU-CMMS from introducing innovative medical education has allowed it to take a leadership position in medical education in the Gulf region. The original goals of this unique experiment have been realized along with unanticipated outcomes of spearheading changes in medical education in the Gulf region. Old and new medical schools have adopted several characteristics of the AGU educational program. Several elements contributed to its success: a clear vision of providing quality medical education and realizing and sustaining this vision by a supportive leadership at the university and college levels; an alliance with the regional health care systems; a dedicated faculty who have been able to work as a team while continually developing themselves; proper student selection and the creation of a culture of student/faculty partnerships in education and in building an international reputation and credibility by cooperating with reputable international universities and organizations.

Bahrain↗
PubMed2026

Refining the Genetic Contribution to Type 2 Diabetes Subtypes.

BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex and highly heterogeneous disease driven in part by genetic predisposition and can be stratified into clinical subgroups to aid disease management. We recently grouped T2D subjects in the Qatar Biobank (QBB) cohort into Severe Insulin-Deficient Diabetes (SIDD), Severe Insulin-Resistant Diabetes (SIRD), Mild Obesity-Related Diabetes (MOD) and Mild Age-Related Diabetes (MARD) subtypes. Herein, we focused on the genetic makeup of these subtypes. METHODS: We used the QBB cohort (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;13,808), of whom 2687 were with T2D, and comprehensively assessed polygenic risk scores (PGS) across T2D subtypes, investigated genetic loci associated with each subtype by leveraging the most recent and largest GWAS for T2D, evaluated SNP associations across T2D genetic clusters, and identified protein interaction pathways associated with these distinct T2D subtypes. RESULTS: MOD showed consistently lower PGS compared with other T2D subtypes across all tested scores. SIDD showed more associations with SNPs mapping to residual glycemic cluster compared with other T2D subtypes. The incremental analysis of PGS004838 demonstrated a high &#x394;AUC of 0.101 for SIDD and a moderate &#x394;AUC of 0.068 for SIRD, but not for MOD and MARD. Protein interaction analyses identified candidate subtype-associated gene networks linked to pathways related to glucose homeostasis in SIDD, insulin signalling and hepatic metabolism in SIRD, body fat distribution in MOD and vascular-related processes in MARD. CONCLUSION: We found heterogeneous genetic architectures across clinically defined T2D subtypes in a Middle Eastern population. Our findings provide evidence supporting differential polygenic burden, subtype genetic associations and subtype-associated biological pathways across T2D subtypes. These observations support the utility of subtype-based genetic analyses for improving biological understanding of T2D heterogeneity.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Qatari DNA variation at a crossroad of human migrations.

Genomic diversity of the Qatari population was investigated by screening 15 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs). Significant departures from genetic equilibrium were detected at the D13S317, D19S433 and VWA loci, which persisted after applying Bonferroni-type corrections. Gene diversity (GD) values ranged from 0.6851 (TPOX) to 0.8813 (D2S1338), while observed heterozygosity (Ho) oscillated between 0.3388 (D19S433) and 0.8397 (D2S1338). Interestingly, Ho was lower than expected (He) for 14 of the loci analyzed. The information provided by these microsatellite markers was analyzed by means of genetic distances, multidimensional scaling, hierarchical analyses of the molecular variance (AMOVA) and admixture estimations to assess the genetic relationships of Qatar with European, Asian, African and other Middle Eastern populations. The main findings of the study were the genetic uniqueness of the Qatari population, its strong similarity to the United Arab Emirates (UAE) group, a slight genetic differentiation with respect to other Arab populations (Syria and Egypt) and Turkey, and a certain genetic affinity with sub-Saharan African populations. These results are discussed in light of two major issues: the high consanguinity rates characterizing the Qatari population and its strategic geographic position in the Arabian Peninsula close to major migratory routes, an important pivotal contact zone for bidirectional dispersals between Eurasia and Africa.

Alleles↗
PubMed1983

Life events and depression in transit populations.

Undesirable recent life events in the period of three months preceding primary depressive illness were studied in two Arabian Gulf countries: Qatar (235 patients) and Kuwait (164 patients). Transit population patients, who come to these countries from employment, differ from native patients in the significant predominance of work as a source of recent life events. The difference is discussed in relation to the existential committments and attitudes to work among native and transient populations. Intergenerational conflict as an undesirable recent life event is prevalent among family recent life events in native patients where rapid sociocultural changes are associated with conflict of traditional and modern value systems.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Prediction of drivers' recognition of posted signs in five Arab countries.

The effects of six predictor variables, drivers' age, monthly income, years of education, sex, marital status, and nationality on perception of traffic signs were modeled through regression techniques. The populations sampled here were from Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Qatar, and Oman. A total of 28 posted regulatory and warning signs were investigated. A questionnaire especially prepared for this study was distributed to 9,000 drivers in the five states, out of which 4,774 responded (53%). The drivers were selected according to stratified choice-based random sampling technique. Two prediction models were developed for assessment of drivers' recognition of regulatory and warning signs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Death anxiety in Spain and five Arab countries.

The present study compared death anxiety among volunteer undergraduates from Spain and five Arab countries, i.e., Egypt, Kuwait, Qatar, Lebanon, and Syria. The Templer Death Anxiety Scale was used in its Spanish and Arabic forms, respectively. The Mean for the Spanish sample was lower than that of their Arabic counterparts in the five countries, whether the subjects were men or women.

Anxiety↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting employment in the Arabian Gulf region, 1975-1985.

"This paper attempts to shed light on factors contributing to the identification of the main employment patterns in the countries of the Arab Gulf region. It also seeks to answer the question of how determinants of employment vary between national and foreign workforces and whether these determinants have changed over time." The countries concerned are Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

Asia↗
PubMed1989

A system for collecting vital statistics in Gulf Cooperation Council countries.

"This paper examines the four major sources of population data in the countries of the Arab Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) viz., general population censuses, registration statistics, household surveys and permanent registration of population. The paper starts with an analysis of the status quo of these sources in each country of the GCC, then proceeds to examine their standards of accuracy and finally identifies the problems faced by the data collection process in each source separately and states some practical solutions to them." The countries concerned are Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

Asia↗
PubMed2003

Dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, and pallor in a 50-year-old active duty soldier.

OBJECTIVE: To discuss a comprehensive diagnostic approach to an active duty patient presenting with dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, and pallor. A 50-year-old active duty E-6 white male in Al Udeid, Qatar, presented with progressive dyspnea on exertion, fatigue, and new pallor. This case illustrates the course of events from Al Udeid to the Walter Reed Army Medical Center, where the final diagnosis was made. Along the way, questions with discussions explore the various diagnostic and management aspects of his case and highlight military relevant issues that include efficient diagnostic algorithms in the field and transfusion of scarce blood products.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2003

Study of HER2/neu status in Qatari women with breast carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: The study is aimed at determining the prevalence of HER2/neu overexpression in Qatari women with breast cancer and to assess the survival in patients with HER2/neu positive tumors. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of clinical data of 70 Qatari female patients diagnosed with breast cancer during the period 1991 through to 2001, at Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. We also performed a retrospective review of breast tissue sample for those patients using paraffin sections and applying immunohistochemistry staining-[Hercep test (DAKO Inc)] to determine the HER2/neu status. RESULTS: Eighteen patients (26%) were HER2/neu positive (2+ and 3+) with a mean age at diagnosis of 49.3years, and 52 (74%) were negative (0 and 1+) with mean age at diagnosis of 46.6 years. Of the patients with positive HER2/neu, 5 (28%) had a relapse of the disease and 4 (22%) died of the disease during follow up. Of the patients with HER2/neu, negative test 9 (17%) had a relapse of the disease and 10 (19%) died of the disease. The median survival function at mean of covariates for HER2/neu positive patients was 26 months, and for HER2/NEU negative patients was 28 months. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HER2/neu over expression in Qatari female with breast cancer in this study is 26%, but due to a small sample size it may not reflect really the prevalence. Patient with HER2/neu positive were older at diagnosis than patients with HER2/neu negative, also they had higher relapse rate and mortality. Median survival function was better for HER2/neu negative patients.

Adult↗