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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Double-blind comparison of trimazosin and propranolol in essential hypertension.

This report describes a double-blind, parallel, comparative study of trimazosin (+/- polythiazide) and propranolol (+/- polythiazide) in 130 patients with essential hypertension. Both treatment regimens were shown to be effective in achieving statistically significant sustained reduction in blood pressure. Propranolol alone was somewhat more effective, at the doses selected, than trimazosin alone, but the hypertension of nonresponders in each treatment group was effectively controlled by the addition of low doses of polythiazide. Trimazosin had no effect on heart rate, whereas propranolol significantly lowered resting heart rates, which was occasionally troublesome. Side effects were less frequent in the trimazosin-treated group. Trimazosin lowered serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, an effect significantly different from that of propranolol. There was also a tendency for serum uric acid to rise in patients receiving propranolol and fall in those receiving trimazosin; polythiazide significantly raised uric acid levels. The effects of trimazosin and propranolol on the lipid profile were small, but the difference between the increase in the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol fraction in trimazosin-treated patients and the decrease in propranolol-treated patients was significant and thought to be of interest.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of single dose of diuretics on renal magnesium excretion in man, with special reference to their site of action.

The administration of a single dose of furosemide, ethacrynic acid and polythiazide to healthy individuals under conditions of maximum water diuresis produces a significant increase in renal magnesium excretion. Elevated Mg excretion displayed a direct correlation to renal sodium excretion after furosemide (r=0.689, p less than 0.001), ethacrynic acid (r=0.869, p less than 0.001) and polythiazide (r=0.586, p less than 0.01). The slopes of the various regression lines did not differe significantly from each other or from the slope of the regression line characterizing this correlation for mannitol (r= 0.603, p less than 0.01). A significant linear correlation was likewise found between the excretion of Mg and total osmotically active substances after furosemide (r=0.783, p less than 0.001), ethacrynic acid (r=0.88, p less than 0.001) and polythiazide (r=0.646, p less than 0.01). The regression lines of the given correlations did not differ significantlyfrom each other, but their slopes were significantly higher than that of the regression line for the correlation after mannitol (r=0.454, p less than 0.01). The findings indicate that tubular Mg transport is influenced both by a decrease in tubular Na resorption in the diluting segment (polythiazide) and by an effect on Na resorption in the parts of the nephron proximal to the diluting segment of the nephron (furosemide, ethacrynic acid).

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Cardiac muscle mass during vasodilation therapy of hypertension.

M-mode echocardiography has become a valuable tool in the evaluation of changes in left ventricular muscle mass during antihypertensive therapy. We evaluated the effects of treatment with the vasodilator trimazosin, alone and in combination with the diuretic polythiazide, on cardiac muscle mass in hypertensive subjects. Trimazosin alone was given to 11 subjects for 18 mo, and average supine blood pressure fell from 154/100 to 146/89 mm Hg. Heart rate and body weight did not change during therapy. Initially, a slight decrease (approximately 6%) was observed in left ventricular muscle mass, but left ventricular transverse dimension and left ventricular muscle mass returned to control levels during the last 6 mo of the 18-mo study. The combination of trimazosin and polythiazide was given to nine subjects and decreased blood pressure from 152/102 to 138/92 mm Hg. Heart rate increased and body weight decreased slightly. No changes in left ventricular muscle mass were observed during combination therapy. It is possible that increases in activity of the sympathetic nervous system during therapy with trimazosin alone, and the observed increase in renin activity during treatment with trimazosin and polythiazide, might have offset the effects of the reduction in blood pressure on left ventricular muscle mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Physiologic effects of prazosin HCl: consequences of diuretic combination therapy.

The physiologic action of prazosin in man was studied in 23 patients including 10 treated with prazosin plus polythiazide. Responders to prazosin alone (blood pressure fell greater than 10 mm Hg) had a decrease in peripheral resistance (p less than 0.02) and no significant change in plasma volume, while nonresponders' plasma volume rose significantly (p less than 0.02). 10 patients treated with prazosin and polythiazide (blood pressure not normalized on prazosin alone) were analyzed at baseline (Rx 0), after prazosin (Rx 1), and after prazosin plus polythiazide (Rx 2). Mean supine blood pressure fell from 184/118 +/- 8/5 (SE) mm Hg at Rx 0 to 161/106 +/- 7/4 mm Hg at Rx 1 (p less than 0.005) and 129/89 +/- 4/4 mm Hg at Rx 2 (p less than 0.001). Supine renin increased in each group, but the increase with prazosin alone was not significant. Stimulated renin activity increased significantly after Rx 2 (p less than 0.0025). Cardiac output fell, plasma volume returned to baseline values, and peripheral resistance fell by 467 dyn s/cm-5 during thiazide treatment (p less than 0.025).

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Inhibiting effects of antioxidants on drug-induced phototoxicity in cell cultures. Investigations with sulphonamide-derived oral antidiabetics and diuretics.

The sulphonamide-derived oral antidiabetics chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, gliquidone, glymidine, tolazamide and tolbutamide, and the diuretics bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide, butizide, chlortalidone, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, indapamide, piretanide, polythiazide, trichlormethiazide and xipamide were investigated for phototoxicity in a cell culture model. Cell death dependent on ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation fluence and test substance concentration was observed in the presence of the oral antidiabetics glibenclamide and gliquidone, as well as the diuretics bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide, butizide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, piretanide, polythiazide and trichlormethiazide. Bendroflumethiazide was phototoxic at concentrations of 0.05 mM and above; bemetizide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide and hydroflumethiazide were phototoxic at concentrations of 0.25 mM or more; the oral antidiabetics glibenclamide and gliquidone, as well as the diuretics butizide, hydrochlorothiazide, piretanide, polythiazide and trichlormethiazide were phototoxic at concentrations of 0.5 mM. To evaluate the effects of antioxidants, ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene or ubiquinone was added to the tissue culture flasks before irradiation. The phototoxic inhibition of the colony-forming ability was largely reduced by the addition of ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherole, indicating the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the phototoxic process.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1996

Phototoxicity due to sulphonamide derived oral antidiabetics and diuretics: investigations in a cell culture model.

A number of sulphonamide-derived oral antidiabetics (chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, gliquidone, glymidine, tolazamide and tolbutamide) and diuretics (bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide, butizide, chloratalidone, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, indapamide, piretanide, polythiazide, trichlormethiazide and xipamide) were investigated for phototoxicity in a cell culture model. Cell death dependent on ultraviolet A fluence and test substance concentration was observed in the presence of the oral antidiabetics glibenclamide and gliquidone, as well as the diuretics bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzyl-hydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide, butizide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, piretanide, polythiazide and trichlormethiazide. Bendroflumethiazide was phototoxic at 5x10(-5) M and higher concentrations, bemetizide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide and hydroflumethiazide were phototoxic at 2.5x10(-4) M and higher concentrations, and the oral antidiabetics glibenclamide and gliquidone as well as the diuretics butizide, hydrochlorothiazide, piretanide, polythiazide and trichlormethiazide were phototoxic at 5(-4) M and higher concentrations. Electron microscopic investigations showed swelling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum as well as aggregation of euchromatin when the cells were irradiated in the presence of photosensitizers.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Studies on the phototoxic effects of oral antidiabetics and diuretics.

A number of sulphonamide derived oral antidiabetics (chlorpropamide, glibenclamide, glipizide, gliquidone, glymidine, tolazamide and tolbutamide) and diuretics (bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzylhydrochlorothaizide, bumetanide, butizide, chlortalidone, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, indapamide, piretanide, polythiazide, trichlormethiazide and xipamide) were investigated for phototoxicity in a cell culture model. Cell death dependent on UVA fluence and test substance concentration was observed in the presence of the oral antidiabetics glibenclamide and gliquidone, as well as the diuretics bemetizide, bendroflumethiazide, benzylhydroxhlorothiazide, bumetanide, butizide, hydrochlorothiazide, hydroflumethiazide, piretanide, polythiazide and trichlormethiazide. Bendroflumethiazide was phototoxic at 5 x 10(-5) mol/l and higher concentrations, bemetizide, benzylhydrochlorothiazide, bumetanide and hydroflumethiazide were phototoxic at 2.5 x 10(-4) mol/l and higher concentrations, and the oral antidiabetics glibenclamide and gliquidone as well as the diuretics butizide, hydrochlorothiazide, piretanide, polythiazide and trichlormethiazide were phototoxic at 5 x 10(-4) mol/l and higher concentrations. The oral antidiabetics chlorpropamide, glipizide, glymidine, tolazamide and tolbutamide as well as the diuretics chlortalidone, furosemide, indapamide and xipamide did not induce phototoxicity in this assay.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of prazosin versus nadolol in combination with a diuretic.

The comparative efficacy and effects on total body potassium of prazosin and polythiazide vs nadolol and polythiazide in the treatment of patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension unresponsive to diuretic alone were compared in an open, crossover trial involving 20 male patients. Both prazosin and nadolol reduced blood pressure to goal values in both study phases. Side effects were minor, and only 1 patient dropped out of treatment for reasons unrelated to the study drugs. Neither prazosin nor nadolol in combination with thiazide had significant additional adverse effects on total body potassium. These findings confirm that the efficacy of prazosin is equivalent to that of nadolol in the long-term management of patients with essential hypertension.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1976

A study of the use of prazosin in hypertensive patients in Korea.

1. The effects of prazosin administered alone or in combination were studied in thirty patients between August 1974 and March 1975. 2. All patients had previously received treatment for hypertension with other agents, for from 2 months to 10 years. All thirty patients had refractory hypertension which had not responded satisfactorily to other treatment. 3. Patients were treated initially with prazosin; polythiazide, or polythiazide plus tolamolol, were added when necessary. 4. A satisfactory blood pressure response to prazosin alone, or prazosin in dual or triple combination therapy, occurred in all thirty patients. 5. Prazosin was well tolerated.

Adolescent↗