Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Photochemotherapy”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Photochemotherapy of cutaneous AIDS-associated Kaposi sarcoma with indocyanine green and laser light].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Indocyanine green (ICG) is a clinically approved dye for diagnostic purposes, which has an absorption peak in the near infrared and remains intravascular due to a high plasma protein binding. Its therapeutic potential in combination with a diode laser was studied for well vascularized cutaneous tumors. PATIENTS/METHODS: Six male patients (mean age 49.2 years) with AIDS-related Kaposi sarcomas (n = 30) received ICG (2 x 2 mg/kg i.v.) followed directly by irradiation with a diode laser (lambda = 805 nm, 100 J/cm2, 3 W/cm2). RESULTS: All macular and plaque-type lesions (n = 27) showed primarily blister- and crust formation and healed within 14 days. Only one out of the 3 nodular lesions treated showed complete remission. The only side effect recognized was a mild burning sensation during irradiation. Nineteen lesions resolved completely leaving a slight atrophic scar, in three lesions a transient postinflammatory hyperpigmentation occurred. Within the follow-up period of 2 years no recurrence was detected. CONCLUSIONS: The ICG-mediated photochemotherapy is an effective palliative therapeutic modality with a low rate of side effects in the treatment of macular or plaque-type cutaneous Kaposi sarcomas.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1996

Efficacy of photochemotherapy on severe pruritus in polycythemia vera.

Pruritus may cause severe chronic discomfort to PV patients. Most of the usual treatments are not at all or only weakly efficient. Photochemotherapy using psoralen and ultraviolet A light may largely improve the clinical symptom of intractable itching, as observed in ten of the 11 cases presented, but maintenance therapy is generally necessary. The treatment may then improve the patient's quality of life.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Cytotoxicity and cytokinetic effects of mitomycin C and/or photochemotherapy in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line.

1. The cytotoxicity and cytokinetic effects of Mitomycin C (MC) and/or photochemotherapy (PCT) in cultured human colon adenocarcinoma (WiDr) cells were investigated using colony formation to determine cell survival and DNA flow cytometry to analyze cell kinetics. 2. A low concentration of MC (0.01 micrograms/ml) caused accumulation of cells in late S and early G2 phase; higher concentrations (0.05-0.5 micrograms/ml) induced accumulation of the cells in mid and early S phase. 3. The effects of the lowest concentration of MC (0.01 micrograms/ml) were reversible upon removal of the drug, whereas a higher concentration of MC (0.1 micrograms/ml) resulted in a permanent inhibition of cell cycle progression. 4. The sensitivity of Photofrin II-loaded cells to PCT can be enhanced significantly by the addition of MC. 5. The MC-induced accumulation of the cells in S phase may be one reason for the increased cytotoxicity of PCT combined with MC. 6. The data suggest that MC may also inhibit repair of PCT-induced DNA damage.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Hematoporphyrin derivative photochemotherapy of spontaneous animal tumors: clinical results with optimized drug dose.

Hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) photochemotherapy was performed on 13 primary spontaneous tumors in dog and cat. The animals received an optimized drug dose of 5 mg/kg body wt i.v. 48 h before the first treatment with laser light at 631 nm. An evaluation of the clinical results is presented and discussed. Complete disappearance of the primary tumors was obtained in all cases with one or more light irradiations. Five cases presented recurrences that were cured with a further treatment. In 4 cases treated after surgical exeresis of the primary tumors, this therapy resulted in complete cure.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Recent advances in phototherapy and photochemotherapy of skin disease.

The therapeutic spectrum for ultraviolet radiation treatment of skin disease has continued to be broadened. Psoralen photochemotherapy is beneficial in chronic lichenoid graft-versus-host disease and disseminated granuloma annulare. This treatment is now being found more useful in atopic eczema and chronic photosensitivity with some modifications of the therapy. UV phototherapy has also been found useful in mild to moderate atopic eczema. The nature of these treatments is also changing with greater use of selective UV phototherapy and definition of the required schedule for maintenance treatment with UVB phototherapy. The mechanism of therapeutic benefit remains unknown although one possibility is selective phototoxicity for inflammatory cells in the dermis. Nonmelanoma skin cancer, premature aging of the skin and freckling are the main long-term adverse effects of these treatments.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Combination therapy: photochemotherapy; electric current; and ionizing radiation. Different combinations studied in a WiDr human colon adenocarcinoma cell line.

The interactions of pairs of the modalities Photofrin II-sensitized photochemotherapy (PCT), ionizing radiation and an electric current were investigated by the colony formation assay in WiDr cells, a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. When the cells were treated simultaneously with PCT and an electric current, a slightly synergistic effect was observed at low exposures (surviving fraction approximately 0.1) while a seemingly antagonist effect was found at higher exposures. The same was found to be true for the combinations of PCT plus ionizing radiation and ionizing radiation plus electric current.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Oral 8-methoxypsoralen photochemotherapy of psoriasis. The European PUVA study: a cooperative study among 18 European centres.

In a multicentre study in eighteen European cities 3175 patients were treated with photochemotherapy (PUVA) for severe psoriasis and data obtained during a period of 39 months were analysed. A response better than marked improvement was obtained in 88.8% of patients; twenty exposures and a total cumulative UVA dose of 96 J/cm2 were required for clearing, the duration of the clearing phase being 5.3 weeks. A comparison of the results of this study with those of a similar multicentre study in the United States on 1300 patients and using a different treatment protocol, revealed that while treatment results and the number of individual treatment sessions were similar the European protocol requires only half the time and less than half the total cumulative UVA dose for clearing of psoriasis. When patients in the European study who received continuous maintenance treatment were compared with patients who received no maintenance treatment the probability that a patient would remain in remission for a period of 80 weeks was the same, irrespective of whether patients received maintenance treatment or not. This study confirms the dramatic efficacy of PUVA in clearing psoriasis and contains two important messages for the reduction of possible long-term hazards of this treatment. Firstly, the total UVA energy requirements for clearing psoriasis strongly depend on the treatment schedule and can be kept low if an individual approach aimed at rapid clearing of psoriasis is used. Secondly, maintenance therapy may not significantly prevent recurrences for prolonged periods of time and may thus not be necessary in most patients.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

The effect of photochemotherapy on the cardiovascular system.

Photochemotherapy, consisting of the oral administration of psoralens plus long-wave ultraviolet radiation (PUVA), involves standing in a warm light cabinet for a prolonged time. This study was done to evaluate the cardiovascular reactions in normal patients and in patients with cardiac disease receiving PUVA therapy. Of forty patients studied, six had cardiovascular disease and sixteen had essential hypertension. Holter monitoring during treatment revealed no significant arrhythmias. All patients had a modest increase in heart rate at the end of PUVA, with a mean increase of 22% of baseline. Blood pressure was not significantly changed, and 12-lead electrocardiograms done in twenty-two of the patients before and after PUVA showed no significant changes. Our patients, including those with cardiovascular disease and hypertension, tolerated the PUVA therapy without significant subjective reactions and without evidence of excessive cardiovascular stress.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Determination of optimal topical photochemotherapy for vitiligo.

The efficacy of topical 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) in varying concentrations and vehicles was assessed in 73 vitiligo patients. The response rates in different anatomic sites were also assessed. Seven patients (9%) had 100% repigmentation; 26 (36%) had 50% or greater repigmentation, 29 (40%) had some degree of pigment return, but less than 50%; 11 (15%) had no repigmentation. Results suggest that neither concentration of drug nor vehicle is a crucial factor for inducing repigmentation of vitiliginous patches on the face, trunk, and extremities. Low-dose 8-MOP (0.1%) was as effective as high dose 8-MOP (0.5%, 1%), while causing fewer side effects. However, when treating recalcitrant areas (distal extremities), 1% 8-MOP may be the most efficacious preparation for topical photochemotherapy. A phototoxic response preceded repigmentation in all cases. The following responses were obtained for the various anatomic sites treated: 56% of facial lesions; 35% of trunk areas; 36% of the extremities, and 13% of the recalcitrant areas had greater than 50% repigmentation.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1984

Photochemotherapy for cutaneous T cell lymphoma. A follow-up study.

In 1975 we started a prospective study on oral methoxsalen photochemotherapy (PUVA) in cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). The first short-term follow-up of nineteen patients (1978) showed that PUVA may induce long-lasting remission in early stages, and that eventual relapses respond comparably well when PUVA is resumed. We now present the follow-up data of the original nineteen patients, covering a period of up to 7 years, and of an additional twenty-five patients who have entered the trial since April, 1977. Similar to earlier reports, all patients with eczematoid and plaque lesions (stages IA and IB) cleared. Likewise, eczematoid and plaque lesions in patients with early tumors (stage IIB) were cleared. During a mean follow-up of 44 months, 55% of stage IA patients and 39% of stage IB patients remained free of disease. In patients who experienced relapses, the mean disease-free interval was 20 months for stage IA and 17 months for stage IB. All patients with stage IIB experienced multiple relapses and only three of seven were alive after 6 years, despite additional x-ray or cytotoxic therapy. The observation in this study that five of nine stage IA patients and ten of twenty-six stage IB patients have remained in continuous remission after a single PUVA course for up to 79 months indicates that PUVA may induce long-lasting disease-free intervals if used in the early stage of disease. However, the observation period still does not prove whether permanent cure can be achieved in some cases or not.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1986

Fundamental aspects in tumor photochemotherapy: interactions of porphyrins with membrane model systems and cells.

Some molecular aspects underlying photochemotherapy and photodiagnosis of tumors with porphyrins are reviewed. The nature of the clinically used photosensitizer HpD is first presented along with structures of molecules found to be efficient in vitro. The possible role of pH in the preferential retention of dicarboxylic porphyrins by tumors is discussed in light of results obtained with membrane models. The uptake of dicarboxylic porphyrins by cells most likely involves passive mechanisms. Cell photoinactivation using a purified porphyrin does not depend upon the incubation time but only on the intracellular concentration of the dye. This likely reflects a poor specificity of the photoinactivation processes with regard to the cellular localization of the dye. The properties which should be presented by more efficient photosensitizers are discussed.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1999

Photochemotherapy of tumours with mesotetrahydroxyphenyl chlorin is pH dependent.

Human colon carcinoma cells of the WiDr line were incubated with the tumour-localizing and photosensitizing drug mesotetrahydroxyphenyl chlorin (mTHPC) at either pH 6.8, 7.2 or 7.8. The cellular uptake of the drug was found to be independent of the pH value. However, under conditions where the cells contained the same amount of the drug (i.e. after incubation at different pH values) and were exposed to light, their photosensitivity increased with decreasing pH value. Furthermore, the cells were more photosensitive at 4 degrees C than at 37 degrees C. The shoulder on the survive curves, observed for irradiation at 37 degrees C and at pH 7.2-7.8 was practically absent for irradiation at 4 degrees C and even at 37 degrees C when the light exposure took place at pH 6.8. The observations may be related to a reduced repair of photochemotherapy (PCT)-induced damage at 4 degrees C and at pH 6.8. The high PCT efficiency at pH 6.8 may contribute to the tumour selectivity of PCT with mTHPC.

Cell Survival↗
PubMed1999

Extracorporeal photochemotherapy in human and murine graft-versus-host disease.

Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP) is an immunotherapy that has found a role in the therapy of cutaneous T cell lymphoma, a disease of mature activated T cells. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is also mediated by activated T cells, and thus often responds to therapies that target T cells. Murine models for both GVHD and ECP can be combined to study the impact of this immunotherapy on GVHD. In this paper we present a patient with GVHD who demonstrated a beneficial therapeutic response to treatment with ECP. The findings of this case are compared with the observations from a murine model for GVHD-ECP. The potential mechanisms of ECP in the treatment of GVHD are discussed. along with the similarities observed with ECP in the treatment of other conditions.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

The effect of glucose and temperature on the in vivo efficiency of photochemotherapy with meso-tetra-hydroxyphenyl-chlorin.

Balb/c athymic nude mice bearing WiDr human colon adenocarcinoma have been employed to investigate the effect of glucose administration, cooling or slight heating on the anti-tumor activity of photochemotherapy (PCT) with meso-tetra-hydroxyphenyl-chlorin (mTHPC). An apparent delay in the tumor growth is found by combining PCT with either single or multiple injections of glucose. The anti-tumor effect of PCT is slightly enhanced by cooling the tumor to 5 degrees C. Cooling also enhances the efficiency of PCT and glucose injection combined. Heating the tumor to 37 degrees C has no significant effect on either PCT alone or on the combination of PCT and glucose injection. Furthermore, the kinetics of the accumulation of mTHPC in tissue have been studied. Single or multiple injections of glucose have an enhancing effect on the accumulation of mTHPC in the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

New monofunctional reagents for DNA as possible agents for the photochemotherapy of psoriasis: derivatives of 4,5'-dimethylangelicin.

With the aim of obtaining new agents for the photochemotherapy of psoriasis, we have prepared monofunctional reagents for DNA by starting from 4,5'-dimethylangelicin (2), an angular furocoumarin, and introducing in a 4'-(hydroxymethyl) (3), 4'-(methoxymethyl) (4), or 4'-(aminomethyl) group (5), in way analogous to what other authors have done previously on trioxsalen, a DNA bifunctional reagent. These new compounds form complexes with DNA in the ground state and by successive irradiation (UV-A) undergo monofunctional photoaddition to the macromolecule. Photobinding to DNA was highest for 3 and gradually lower for 4 and 5, respectively. These compounds do not form interstrand photocross-linkages in DNA and do not show any skin phototoxicity. Fluorimetric studies show that their 4',5' double bond is involved in the photoaddition to DNA. Their photobiological activity evaluated on Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and on T2 phages was strictly connected with their photobinding to DNA. The effect of the introduction of hydroxymethyl and methoxymethyl groups in angular 2 is somewhat similar to that previously described for trioxsalen: the introduction of an aminomethyl group in 2 markedly increases the affinity in the dark for DNA but under UV-A irradiation strongly inhibits photobinding to the macromolecule. By contrast, in the analogous derivative of trioxsalen both the affinity for DNA in the dark and the photobinding to DNA increased.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Extended extracorporeal photochemotherapy with extracorporeal administration of 8-methoxypsoralen in systemic sclerosis. An Austrian single-center study.

BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (EXP) is an immunomodulating therapy that has been used in a limited number of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSC) with controversial results. The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of extended EXP with extracorporeal application of liquid 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) in the treatment of SSC. METHODS: Eleven women with progressive SSC of recent onset were treated for a period of 16-57 months. Skin changes, physical performance, extracutaneous manifestations, and quality of life were evaluated before initiation of EXP and at regular intervals thereafter. RESULTS: From the start to the last set of EXP, we observed an overall improvement and/or stabilization of skin changes and physical performance in 5 of 11 patients (45%). Extracutaneous manifestations deteriorated in 10 of 11 patients (91%) (P<0.05), and quality of life deteriorated in 9 of 11 patients (82%) from a mean score of 10 before, to 17 at the last set of EXP (P<0.05). No major side effects were noted. CONCLUSION: Extended EXP with extracorporeal administration of 8-MOP is a safe and well tolerated treatment modality. However, it provides only (minor) improvement of skin changes of a subset of SSC patients and does not beneficially influence extracutaneous manifestations and quality of life.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Treating refractory chronic graft-versus-host disease with extracorporeal photochemotherapy.

Extracorporeal photochemotherapy (ECP; photopheresis), an immunomodulatory therapy, has previously demonstrated promising results in treating chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD). We treated six patients (ages 33-54 years) with long-standing refractory extensive-stage cGvHD. ECP was performed thrice weekly initially in all patients. Concomitant therapies included prednisone (n=6), tacrolimus (n=5), cyclosporin A (n=2), hydroxychloroquine (n=2), mycophenolate mofetil (n=1), and psoralen plus ultraviolet A radiation (n=1). After an average of 7.2 months (range, 2-13 months) of ECP, all patients experienced either improvement or stabilization in sclerodermatous skin changes, as well as partial improvements in liver enzyme levels. Skin softening occurred in four patients and was noted as early as 3-8 weeks into treatment. Two patients were able to taper steroid therapy, and two patients were able to taper ECP to twice weekly. ECP was well tolerated. Our results support those of previous studies, suggesting that ECP may be beneficial in patients with refractory cGvHD.

Adult↗