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PubMedDate not supplied

[Post-parotitis myocarditis: case report].

In November, 1993,M.G., a 6 year and 11 month-old girl, was admitted at Hospital Infantil Joana de Gusmão--Florianópolis, SC, Brazil--with post-parotitis myocarditis and congestive heart failure. Three days after admission it was evidenced, on an echocardiogram, a thrombus in the left ventricle apex which, despite of correct treatment, embolized to iliac and small mesenteric arteries. Epidemic parotitis (mumps) is very common, being endemic around the world. Complications are rare and myocarditis, one of them, is more common than diagnosed because of its poor and benign manifestations, generally transient abnormalities of cardiac rhythm and conduction. This case was astonishing because of its rare subsequent event, that is, the formation of a ventricular mural thrombus during an acute myocarditis.

English Abstract↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunodepressive effect of measles and parotitis virus in vitro].

Mechanisms of suppressive effect of measles and parotitis virus on lymphocyte proliferation and cytolytic activity of natural killers are studied in vitro. Both viruses exert a weak mitogenic effect on human blood lymphocytes and at the same time suppress their response to phytohemagglutinin stimulation in vitro. Suppressive effect of measles virus is more expressed than of parotitis virus. Moreover, measles virus suppresses lysis of human blood killer target cells. The suppressive effect manifests as early as in 1 h and increases after 3 h of natural killer cell contact with measles virus.

Cell Division↗

PubMed2002

[Does the estimation of acute phase protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid and/or in serum in patients with viral meningitis carry diagnostic importance? Part I. Lymphocytic meningitis caused by epidemic parotitis].

OBJECTIVE: We examined whether an acute phase reaction could occur in children with lymphocytic meningitis of homogeneous etiology (parotitis epidemic from the Paramyxoviridae family), a sign of which would be an increase in concentrations of acute phase proteins (APP's) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or in blood serum. We also tested the usefulness of the determination of selected APP's concentrations in CSF and serum in diagnosis and monitoring of the course of the disease, provided that an increase in concentrations of selected APP's were discernible. METHODS: Cases were 78 children with lymphocytic meningitis as a complication of parotitis epidemic. Controls were 30 healthy children (control group K1) and 19 children hospitalized with suspected meningitis (control group K2). The following APP's presence in CSF and serum were tested: C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-2-haptoglobin (HPT), alpha-1-antitripsin (AAT) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AAG), alpha-2-ceruloplasmin (CER) and alpha-2-macroglobulin (AMG). The results were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The results of the research show a significant increase in all APP's determined, except for CRP and AAG, in children with parotidal meningitis. CONCLUSIONS: Determination of CRP concentration either in CSF or in serum is not useful in diagnosis of parotidal meningitis and in differentiation of lymphocytic and bacterial forms of the disease.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A virological description of serous meningitis in children immunized with vaccine against epidemic parotitis].

The morbidity structure was analyzed in children vaccinated against epidemic parotitis in 1993-2002. Eight children (4 with serous meningitis and 4 with lesions of the salivary glands) underwent virologic and immunologic examinations. The molecular typing of the SH-gene fragment of the parotitis virus showed the process in 7 cases to be provoked by the vaccination strain. Presumedly, progressing vaccine-associated meningitis inhibits antibody formation. The total incidence of vaccine-associated meningitis was shown, according to Saint Petersburg data, to be not high, which testifies to a low reactogenicity of the Russian vaccine strain.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Serological survey of parainfluenza and parotitis in the population of Czechoslovakia.

A serological survey was carried out to determine the prevalence and age distribution of HI antibodies against M. parainfluenzae type 1, 2, 3 and 4A and against M. parotitis in the population on from 7 regions of the Czech Socialist Republic. While the distribution of antibodies to M. parainfluenzae is similar in all regions under study, considerable regional differences have been found in the occurence of antibodies against parotitis virus.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1985

[Various mechanisms of the pathogenesis and etiotropic therapy of neurologic forms of epidemic parotitis].

Immunoenzymatic, clinical and follow up study of 3500 patients suffering from nervous forms of epidemic parotitis was performed. It is concluded that the adaptive humoral enzymes, ribonuclease and trypsin, the persistence of antigen to epidemic parotitis virus in CSF lymphocytes as well as the immunologic status of the patient at the disease onset play the leading role in the pathogenesis of its acute phase. It advisable to examine the factors enumerated in order to predict the clinical course of the disease. The treatment with adaptive enzymes was of great efficacy in 660 patients.

Child↗

PubMed1983

[Cellular and humoral immunity indices in chickenpox, rubella, measles and epidemic parotitis in adults].

Immunity characteristics at the height of the infectious process and at the period of convalescence were studied in 170 adult patients, aged 18-45 years, with chickenpox, rubella measles and epidemic parotitis. In chickenpox, rubella and measles a significant decrease, more pronounced in a severe course of the disease, in the number of T- and B-lymphocytes was observed, the immunosuppressive effect being more pronounced in measles. During convalescence the number of T- and B-lymphocytes in patients with the above-mentioned diseases approached the normal level with the exception of measles patients; in these patients the number of T-lymphocytes remained significantly below the normal level, while the content of IgG was increased. In the isolated form of epidemic parotitis no essential changes in immunity characteristics were detected, while in the disseminated forms, especially in those cases when the disease took a severe course, the tendency towards a decrease in the number of T-cells and a significant decrease in the levels of B-lymphocytes and IgG were observed. Prednisolone therapy used in such cases, though giving a good anti-inflammatory effect in parotitic orchitis, produced no immunosuppressive effect.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1995

[The mechanisms of the cytoprotective action of prostacyclin in acute postoperative parotitis].

Effects of prostaglandin I2 of the content of lipid peroxidation products and the activity of glutathione antioxidative system were studied in 60 dogs in whom acute nonepidemic parotitis was induced. Prostaglandin I2 was found to enhance the reactions of protective inhibition of metabolism with reduction of peroxidation level and activation of the antioxidative system, this permitting the cell to preserve its structural intactness. A conclusion is made about the possibility of using prostaglandin I2 for the prevention and therapy of acute nonepidemic parotitis.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Study of the immunobiological properties of parotitis viral strains].

The possibility of using different strains of parotitis virus (Enders, L-3, Jeryl-Leen) as antigens for enzyme immunoassay (EIA) to titer antibodies in human and animal blood sera is analyzed. Methods for preparation and purification of antigen on the basis of the said parotitis virus strains have been developed. Conditions of EIA were optimized. The sensitivity and specificity of EIA and hemagglutination inhibition test were compared.

Animals↗

PubMed1993

[Sensorineural impairment in the inner ear in epidemic parotitis].

During morbilli and mumps, classical forms of acquired deafness develop in childhood. The aim of the study was to investigate effects of mumps virus on cochlear function. Of 237 examined patients 71 had parotitis and 166 meningitis-meningoencephalitis. Audiometric analyses were carried out at the beginning of the treatment and after 6 months. Hearing loss above 30 dB was found in 109 patients (45.99%). Mild hearing impairment of sensorineural type was registered in the majority of patients, while total one-sided hearing loss was found in 2.53% of subjects. No correlation between clinical manifestations of parotitis or meningoencephalitis and hearing loss was found. Cytochemical liquor levels did not influence the development of hearing loss. 6 months later a recovery followed mainly in patients with mild impairments.

Hearing Loss, Sensorineural↗

PubMed1977

[Pathogenesis of nervous system lesions in epidemic parotitis in children].

The authors studied antibodies to the nervous tissue in the blood (pair serum with an interval of 10 days) and in the CSF in 155 patients with epidemic parotitis and signs of neurotoxicosis, parotit meningitis and meningoencephalitis. Depending upon the intensivity of antibody elaboration 3 groups were distinguished. The first group (40 cases), with a high content of antibodies to the nervous tissue, was characterized by a prevalence of encephalitic forms (in 30 of the 40 cases). In the second group (32 cases) with a less antibody content there was a prevalence of meningitis, while meningoencephalitis was seen only in 3 cases. The third group (83 cases) with a low concentration or absence of antibodies was characterized by a mild course of the disease. This group included as well patients with neurotoxicosis. These data may indicate involvement of allergic mechanisms of a retarded type in the pathogenesis of remote lesions of the nervous system in epidemic parotitis.

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed1976

[The role of subclinical forms of epidemic parotitis in the formation of collective immunity].

A study was made of the outbreaks of epidemic parotitis in kindergartens and schools. Of 276 children aged from 2 to 13 years 58 (21%) sustained clinically manifest infection and 48 (17.4%)--a subclinical one. The clinically manifest process mostly developed in children aged from 3 to 5 years: the ratio of the clinical and subclinical forms in them constituted 1:0.5. With the progress of age there was an increase in the proportion of the subclinical forms (in 10--13-year-old children this ratio was 1:1.3). The presence of blood antihemagglutinins in the titre of up to 1:64 before the infection failed to prevent the development of the infectious process. There was no correlation between the antibody titre and the severity of the infectious process. Subclinical cases of parotitis were accompanied by less intensive antibody production than the clinically manifest ones.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1983

Parotitis associated with Eikenella corrodens in a healthy adult.

Eikenella corrodens is a gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic rod that is part of the normal oral flora. Although its pathogenicity was uncertain until recently, E corrodens has been implicated in a variety of human infections, usually in mixed culture, and commonly in patients predisposed by virtue of trauma, malignant neoplasms, antecedent surgery, or parenteral drug abuse. Parotitis due to E corrodens occurred in a healthy 72-year-old woman. Therapy with high-dose intravenous oxacillin sodium had been without effect, but surgical drainage plus antibiotic therapy directed against E corrodens produced prompt resolution.

Aged↗

PubMed1986

Natural history of patients with recurrent parotitis and punctate sialectasis.

The clinical features of 68 patients (26 children and 42 adults) who suffered recurrent attacks of parotitis and in whom sialography had revealed punctate sialectasis of the affected gland is described. The sex incidence was equal in those patients in whom symptoms commenced during childhood (younger than 15). When symptoms commenced later in life, however, there was a marked preponderance of females (female:male = 7.5:1). Bilateral sialography in 16 patients with unilateral symptoms revealed punctate sialectasis in the asymptomatic gland in 11 (69 per cent) of patients. Neither the presence of the sicca syndrome nor auto-antibodies had a significant predictive value as to the outcome of the disease. Five-year follow-up of 52 patients revealed that 56 per cent of adults and 64 per cent of children had shown spontaneous improvement of symptoms with symptomatic treatment alone. In 40 per cent of adults and 4 per cent of children, however, the persistence or worsening of symptoms necessitated parotidectomy. We believe that these results of conservative management indicate that, at least in the first instance and particularly in children, conservative management is justified and that the use of radiotherapy or steroids (with their attendant morbidity) is unnecessary.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Surgical management of chronic parotitis.

A series of 17 consecutive parotidectomies for chronic sialoadenitis is presented. This comprises 10% of all parotidectomies performed by one surgeon over the 5-year period between 1987 and 1991. In 16 patients, symptoms were relieved by surgery. The extent of surgery was guided by the clinical findings. In this series, near total and superficial parotidectomy were equally efficacious and no patient suffered permanent facial nerve dysfunction. Surgery is a safe and effective treatment for parotitis.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Virology of infantile chronic recurrent parotitis in Santiago de Chile.

Infantile chronic recurrent parotitis (ICRP) has been attributed to multiple causes, including viral infections, and therefore its treatment remains empirical. Our aim was to evaluate the involvement of respiratory and oropharyngeal viruses in acute episodes of ICRP. Seventy children were studied, 50 patients and 20 age-matched controls, in a 2-year follow-up study. Saliva samples were taken from the parotid duct and analyzed by viral isolation and immunofluorescence for adenovirus (Ad), respiratory sincitial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PI), influenza virus (Flu), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV). Paired sera samples were tested by ELISA for anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgG and anti-mumps IgM and IgG. Viral infections were detected in 7/50 (14%) cases of the ICRP group: one CMV; 2 Enteroviruses isolated in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells; 1 Flu A; and 3 mumps virus. No EBV seroconversions were detected. In the control group, 2 out of the 20 children had an asymptomatic mumps positive IgM titer. Our data indicate that the main respiratory and oropharyngeal viruses are not the cause of acute episodes of ICRP in Chilean children.

Child↗

PubMed1993

Neonatal suppurative parotitis: a vanishing disease?

A case of neonatal suppurative parotitis due to Klebsiella pneumoniae is described. This is the first case reported in the last 20 years. Infection with unusual microorganisms should be taken into account when planning antibiotic treatment, especially in hospital acquired infections of the salivary glands in the newborn.

Amikacin↗

PubMed2001

Neonatal parotitis.

Neonatal parotitis is a rare condition. Infection of the parotid glad is more common than that of the submandibular glad. Dehydration is the most important predisposing factor for this. Most common organism responsible for this condition is Staphylococcus aureus. Untreated condition can lead to various complications.

Humans↗