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PubMed1990

Patency and healing of polymeric microvenous prostheses implanted into the rat femoral vein by means of the sleeve anastomotic technique.

The sleeve anastomotic technique was used to enhance the longer term patency and healing of polyurethane-based (PU) microvenous prostheses (ID: 1 mm, length: 5 mm, wall thickness: 0.2 mm; n = 34) in the rat femoral vein. In the control group, PU prostheses (n = 12) were implanted by means of the conventional end-to-end technique, and all were found to be occluded after one day (n = 6) and three weeks (n = 6). In the other experimental groups, the prostheses were evaluated after one day (n = 6), three weeks (n = 10), and six weeks (n = 18) of implantation by means of routine light- and scanning-electron microscopy. The occluded prostheses in the control group demonstrated a firmly attached mural thrombus at the anastomoses at one day and a completely organized thrombus at three weeks after implantation. Thirty-one of the 34 PU prostheses implanted by means of the sleeve technique were patent. At one day, all patent PU prostheses (five out of six) demonstrated minimal thrombus accumulation and a smooth transition at the anastomotic sites. At three and six weeks, all patent PU prostheses (16 out of 18) were covered by a complete endothelial layer. Underneath the endothelial layer, a subendothelial layer, composed of two to four layers of smooth muscle cells, could be observed. The wall of the prostheses were penetrated by fibrohistiocytic tissue. Stenosis was not observed. These results demonstrate that the sleeve anastomotic technique not only improves the short-term patency of PU microvenous conduits, but also the longer-term patency rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2000

Ceramic hip prostheses in young patients: a retrospective study of 74 patients.

Zones of osteolysis occur in mobilized and in well-fixed prostheses with the classic ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene-metal couple. However, since 1981 with the use of the ceramic couple in cemented hip prostheses in young patients, osteolysis has not been observed. The prostheses in patients with a longer followup do not show signs of wear in the bearing or signs of bone lysis in the well-fixed prostheses. Cementless prostheses with the same type of ceramic bearing have been used since 1990 in patients with more than 30 years of life expectancy, in an effort to eliminate loosening at the cement-bone interface. The cementless prostheses performed well with spot welds visible 3 months after the operation, which still are present at 7 years of followup. Lysis has not been observed behind the cup or around the stem. In the current series, head ruptures and accidents in the stem and neck junction produced by the modularity of the prostheses did not occur. The authors focus on the positive results shown by ceramic bearings and describe the results of 31 cemented, five hybrid, and 58 uncemented prostheses with ceramic bearings in patients younger than 50 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The 3M precise microvascular anastomotic system for implanting PTFE microvenous prostheses into the rat femoral vein.

Successful implantations of PTFE microvenous prostheses with 3M precise anastomosis systems were presented. Twelve PTFE prostheses (Gore-Tex;I.D.1.0 mm) were implanted into rat femoral veins by means of 3M precise technique to evaluated the patency rate. In the control group, PTFE prostheses (n = 12) were implanted by means of end-to-end technique. In the experimental group, patency of the PTFE prostheses was evaluated at 3 (n = 6) and 6 (n = 6) weeks after implantation by means of macroscopic inspection and scanning electron microscopy. All prostheses except one were patent at the time of removal (patency rate 91.7 percent). All the microvenous prostheses were completely covered by an endothelial layer at 3 and 6 weeks after implantation, and no stenosis was observed at the anastomotic sites. In the control group, all prostheses except one were found to be occluded 3 weeks after implantation. These results demonstrate the value of the 3M precise technique when implanting PTFE microvenous prostheses.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2002

Engineering of human cartilage rods: potential application for penile prostheses.

PURPOSE: Natural penile prostheses created from the patient's own cells may eliminate the biocompatibility risks associated with artificial prostheses. We previously demonstrated that autologous cartilaginous rods could be created in animal corpus cavernosum as penile prostheses in situ by transplanting autologous chondrocytes on biodegradable polymer scaffolds. In the present study we investigated the possibility of engineering human cartilage rods for potential use as penile prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Chondrocytes isolated from human ear were seeded on rod shaped biodegradable polymer scaffolds (1.2 cm. in diameter, 6.0 cm. long). The seeded scaffolds were maintained in stirred bioreactors for 1 month. Subsequently, the seeded scaffolds were implanted subcutaneously into athymic rats. The specimens were retrieved 2 months after implantation, and histological, structural and mechanical properties were analyzed. The mechanical properties of the engineered prostheses were compared to those of silicone prostheses. RESULTS: Human chondrocytes seeded onto polymer scaffolds formed milk-white cartilaginous rods of the same size as the initial implants. Histological analyses using hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue and alcian blue showed mature and well-formed chrondrocytes in the retrieved implants. The engineered human cartilaginous rods were flexible, elastic and able to withstand high degrees of compressive forces. The mechanical properties were comparable to those of commercially available silicone prostheses. CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of chrondrocytes isolated from human ear on polymer scaffolds resulted in the formation of human cartilage rods with the appropriate mechanical properties required for use as penile prostheses. This study demonstrates the feasibility of creating human cartilage rods with a large dimension. This technology may be useful for patients who need penile reconstruction.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

Platelet reactivity in vivo in dogs with arterial prostheses seeded with endothelial cells.

This study was designed to assess platelet activity in vivo with vascular prostheses seeded with endothelial cells to determine the time course for development of thromboresistance and to test the ability of prostheses to produce prostacyclin. Sixteen dogs were randomly allocated to receive seeded (experimental group) or unseeded (control group) velour Dacron aortic prostheses. Serial measurements of platelet survival were performed to assess platelet interaction with prostheses in vivo, and platelet serotonin was monitored as an index of platelet release in vivo. After placement of prostheses, dogs in the experimental group had rapid normalization of platelet survival, with most having normal platelet survival at 4 to 8 weeks after surgery. In contrast, most control animals had reduced platelet survival throughout the 12 week period of study. Significant differences between groups in mean platelet survival were noted at 8 weeks after surgery (p less than .005) and in mean platelet serotonin at 12 weeks after surgery (p less than .05). Luminal surface production of 6-keto-PGF1 alpha from seeded prostheses was similar to aortic production and significantly greater (p less than .05) than that of control prostheses. Gross thrombus was present on 6.0 +/- 3.4% of the prosthetic surface in experimental animals in comparison to 26.6 +/- 19.2% in controls (p less than .005). The results of these studies document accelerated nonreactivity with platelets of seeded prostheses due to rapid coverage with endothelium possessing a normal ability to produce prostacyclin.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The endoscopic placement of self-expanding metal prostheses as palliative treatment in colorectal stenosis of tumor origin].

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the endoscopic placement of autoexpandible metallic prostheses of the colon carried out in our department as palliative treatment in patients with colorectal stenosis of tumoral origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From may, 1995 to august, 1998, autoexpandible metallic prostheses were placed in 14 patients (11 males and 3 females, mean age 64.5 years, range 41-92). All the patients presented tumoral stenosis by adenocarcinoma, 5 of which had been previously treated by surgery. RESULTS: All the stenoses were found in the rectum/sigma at less than 35 cm from the anal margin. In 7 patients endoscopic dilatation was performed prior to placement of the autoexpandible metallic prostheses. The prostheses used had a diameter of 18 mm and were of variable length. The placement of the prostheses was successfully achieved in all the patients except 2 (one due to technical difficulties and in the other because of early migration of the same, in both the autoexpandible metallic prostheses was placed without complications within 24 h). In two cases early complications were observed (14%): one case due to perforation and one to early migration. In two patients stenosis of the prostheses was observed during follow up and in a third patient late migration occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic placement of autoexpandible metallic prostheses in patients with colorectal stenosis of tumoral origin is a simple technique with few complications and may be used as a definitive palliative treatment in these patients.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

[Custom design of hip joint prostheses based on X-ray films].

A novel method for the design of hip joint prostheses based on X-ray films is introduced. Only arcs and straight-lines form figures of hip joint prostheses. Because geometrical tolerances of manufacturing hip joint prostheses matching section are usually not strict, hip joint prostheses can be manufactured without CNC machine tool. Three hip joint prostheses for three different femurs were designed through a program which was developed by the present authors. Approximate marrow cavities of these femurs were simulated according to a standard database about femur. These models of femur marrow cavities were used to verify the hip joint prostheses designed. These hip joint prostheses designed were manufactured and implanted into femurs respectively. Experimental results indicate that the novel method for the design of hip joint prostheses is practicable.

Computer-Aided Design↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Modifications in the abdominal wall after prostheses implant in guinea pigs. Experimental preliminary study].

The treatment of giant incisional hernias is often not possible without the use of alloplastic materials (prostheses, meshes). Some of the modern prostheses seem to be quite "biocompatible" from the chemical point of view, but, the manner of using them is associated with certain complications (infection, seroma formation, intestinal obstruction, digestive fistula and failure of the repair). This preliminary experimental study on Guinea pigs had as a purpose the evaluation of the prostheses incorporation in the abdominal wall, the appearance of specific complications and the need of the biomaterial fixation. The macroscopic and microscopic study used 59 Guinea pigs, utilizing polypropylene (Marlex) and polyester (Mersilene and Plastex) prostheses, implanted pre-peritoneal and intraperitoneal, with or without fixation. The lack of incorporation of the prostheses was observed especially with the Plastex mesh (7 cases). Intestinal adhesions have been the rule after intraperitoneal implant of the prostheses; we registered a case of intestinal obstruction and a case of digestive fistula. Concluding, it is recommended the utilization of quality prostheses, especially polypropylene (Marlex) and no longer use of the Romanian polyester mesh (Plastex) which has obvious "biocompatible" problems. The intraperitoneal implant of the prostheses is not indicated. Adequate anchoring af the biomaterials prevents the subsequent migration.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fixed partial prostheses supported by 2 or 3 implants: a retrospective study up to 18 years.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the long-term performance of fixed partial prostheses supported by 2 or 3 implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients treated with fixed partial prostheses supported by either 2 or 3 implants during the period 1985 to 1998 were included in this retrospective report. Annual clinical follow-up examinations were performed, with special attention to stability of the prostheses and peri-implant and occlusal conditions. Radiographic examination was performed when the prostheses were delivered (year 0) and subsequently at 1-year, 5-year, and 10-year examinations. RESULTS: A total of 178 patients had received fixed partial prostheses (FPPs) during this period of whom 123 (77 women and 46 men) were available for follow-up (mean age = 65 years, range 32-91). These 123 patients received a total of 146 implant-supported FPPs (63 two-implant- and 83 three-implant-supported) supported by 375 implants. The mean observation periods for the 2- and 3-implant-supported restorations were 9.6 years and 9.4 years (range, 5 to 18 years), respectively. Survival rates for the 2- and 3-implant-supported prostheses were 96.8% and 97.6%, respectively. The implant survival rate after loading was 98.4% for both groups. The mean bone loss at the 5-year follow-up was 0.3 mm for the 2 groups. No significant differences in bone loss (P > .05), implant failure rate (P > .05), or incidence of mechanical complications (P > .05) were found between the 2 prosthesis designs. The complications differed, significantly, with more loose gold and abutment screws in the 2-implant-supported group (P < .05) and more porcelain fractures in the 3-implant-supported group (P < .05). CONCLUSION: The 2-implant-supported partial prostheses exhibited long-term clinical performance comparable to prostheses supported by 3 implants.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Contribution of Doppler echocardiography to the evaluation and monitoring of normal and pathologic mitral valve prostheses].

Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed in 146 patients with normal and 42 patients with pathological (31 regurgitations and 11 obstructions) mitral valve prostheses confirmed by catheterisation and/or surgery. The maximum and mean transprosthetic gradients and pressure half times (PHT) were calculated from continuous wave Doppler recordings and regurgitant signals were searched for by continuous and pulsed wave Doppler. In the group of normal mitral valve prostheses, the mean gradients and PHT were very variable even within the subgroups of the same type and size of prosthesis. The best haemodynamic profile was observed with the St Jude prosthesis (mean gradient = 5 +/- 2 mmHg, PHT = 90 +/- 22 ms, p less than 0.05 vs other prostheses). Minimal mitral regurgitation was detected in 12 per cent of bioprostheses and 20 per cent of mechanical prostheses. No correlations were found between the mean pressure gradient or PHT and the size of the prostheses. Regular Doppler echocardiographic follow-up over 2.4 years was obtained in 25 patients and showed a remarkable stability of the Doppler parameters in 17 patients whereas prosthetic valve dysfunction was diagnosed in the other 8 cases. In the group of pathological mitral valve prostheses, regurgitation (N = 31) was associated with a high early diastolic pressure gradient (20.2 +/- 8 mmHg) and a normal or shortened PHT (84 +/- 28 ms). Obstructed prostheses (N = 11) had high mean pressure gradients (17 +/- 5 mmHg) and increased PHT (195 +/- 53 ms). All cases of obstruction were correctly identified by the Doppler but 4 prosthetic valve regurgitations were missed or underestimated (4 mechanical prostheses).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Experimental studies of Gore-Tex prostheses. A review of the literature].

The Gore-Tex prostheses, made of pure polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by W. L. Gore and Associates (USA), were first described in 1972. The first published report included results of experimental studies and description of two clinical cases. In the following years (1973-1981) many varieties of the PTFE prostheses were made. Each time the prostheses were tested on laboratory animals (dogs, rabbits, rats). The prostheses were used in the arterial and the venous systems. Observations were carried out as long as to 6 months after operation. The degree of patency was in the range from 56 to 100%. All research were important in the evaluation of the new models of PTFE prostheses. However, studies on prostheses of the diameter more than 5 mm are lacking. The present article outlines and criticizes basic experimental studies, which added to the knowledge on PTFE prostheses of the Gore-Tex type, depending on their structure. Due to experimental studies the Gore-Tex prostheses are now widely applied in clinical treatment.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence and causes for fracture of removable plaque prostheses].

The great number of subjects in the former Mihajlovgrad district, asking for repair of removable dentures, provided grounds the author to study clinically that problem. A total of 324 subjects, aged from 16 to 90, with 320 prostheses were inquired according to various indices. Interstings facts and regularities were established necessitating an original prophylactic activity for reduction of the number of breakings and prolongation the functional fitness of the plaque partial prosthesis, in mass use in the practice. The upper prostheses are broken three times more often than the lower ones. The partial prostheses are broken 1.7 times more than the total. Almost half of all broken prostheses (47.38%) are upper partial. The most frequent defect is a broken prosthesis with complete separation of the fragments (56.20%). The cracked prostheses are 21%. Two thirds of all prostheses received (65%) are repaired more than once and 1/3 of all prostheses are repaired 3 and more than 3 times. Treatment with practically healed prostheitic field has been performed in only 20 per cent of the subjects. The author proposes a simultaneous laboratory lining in cases of broken old prostheses and the existence of great changes in the prosthetic field. Close attention is recommended in the clinical design and laboratory making of the upper partial prosthesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Normal echo-Doppler values in Duromedics valvular prostheses].

To determine the value of Doppler echocardiography in the normal clinical use of functional diagnosis, and to define normal values of prosthetic mitral and aortic valves, of different sizes and in different positions, 48 patients (53 Duromedics prosthesis) were examined. Two groups were formed: the first group (12 patients) was studied soon after operation, i.e. less than 3 weeks; the second group (36 patients) was examined at a later stage i.e. 2-60 months later. This group did not present any associated valvular disease (i.e. there was no aortic disease in patients with mitral prostheses nor mitral disease in patients with aortic prostheses). In the first group the following results were found: DP max = 12.70 +/- 4 mmHg, DP mean = 4.0 +/- 3 mmHg, Half Time Pressure (T 1/2) = 79.57 +/- 17 ms in mitral prostheses; DP max = 25 +/- 10.9 mmHg, DP mean = 6.8 +/- 4 mmHg in aortic prostheses. In the second group the findings were as follows: mitral prostheses: DP max = 9.28 +/- 3.32 mmHg, DP mean = 3.0 +/- 1.0 mmHg, T 1/2 = 80 +/- 17.96 ms; aortic prostheses: DP max = 19.0 +/- 9.59 mmHg, DP mean = 6.0 +/- 3 mmHg. A trend towards higher DP values was noted in the first group of mitral prostheses (p = 0.05 only for DP max; for DP mean no statistic significance). No differences were noted either between the first and second group as regards aortic prostheses. For prosthetic mitral valves permissible upper limits of DP max, DP mean and T 1/2 in the first and second groups were respectively: 16.70 mmHg, 7.0 mmHg, 96.57 ms; and 12.26 mmHg, 4.0 mmHg, 105.96 ms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography in assessing mechanical mitral prostheses. A comparison with transthoracic echocardiography].

One hundred and sixty mechanical mitral prostheses were studied by transoesophageal echocardiography to ascertain the role of this technique in their functional assessment. All patients underwent transoesophageal echocardiogram, and, in 83, transthoracic Doppler-echocardiogram had already been performed immediately prior to transoesophageal echocardiogram. Prostheses presenting structural anomaly on bidimensional image and/or areas of regurgitation with predominantly turbulent flow on colour Doppler were considered to be dysfunctional. Of the 160 prostheses, 115 were considered normofunctional, and regurgitation was detected in 85 (94%) by transoesophageal echocardiogram and 10 (9%) by transthoracic echocardiogram; haemodynamic and/or surgical confirmation was obtained in 6 of these prostheses and all proved to be functioning normally. Of the 45 remaining prostheses considered to be dysfunctional, haemodynamic and/or surgical confirmation was obtained in 21 (the non-confirmed 24 were excluded from the study). Seventeen of the dysfunctional prostheses presented with areas of regurgitation of 3.9-24 cm2 (mean: 9.21 + 5.36); in one case, the degree of regurgitation with respect haemodynamic study was over-assessed; transthoracic echocardiogram detected only periprosthetic leaks in 38% of cases, with areas of regurgitation of 1.8-6.3 cm2 (mean: 1.87 + 2.02). The other 4 dysfunctional prostheses presented dysfunction due to thrombosis; all 4 were diagnosed by both transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiogram. Transoesophageal echocardiogram detected 12 structural anomalies (1 vegetations, 4 thromboses and 7 dehiscencies), whereas transthoracic echocardiogram only detected these anomalies in five of the cases (1 vegetations and 4 thromboses). Transoesophageal echocardiography surpasses transthoracic echocardiography in the assessment of mechanical mitral prostheses and dysfunction diagnosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Echocardiography↗
PubMed1999

Metamerism in aesthetic prostheses under three standard illuminants--TL84, D65 and F.

This study looks at the effect of metamerism in colour-matching and the assessment of multi-layered silicone rubber finger prostheses. The aim was to identify the choice of illuminants for colour matching the prostheses that would give rise to the least metameric effect between the prostheses and the human skin or the best colour match. The prostheses were prepared and colour matched to a fair-skinned subject under 3 reference illuminants--TL84, D65, F and a combination of illuminants--TL84, D65 and F. The prostheses were then measured for colour using a spectrophotometer based on the CIE indices L*, a*, b* with each prosthesis assessed separately against the subject's index finger under the reference illuminants--TL84, D65 and F. The prostheses were also assessed by a panel of 50 observers and scored according to colour-match. Colour differences between the skin and prosthesis were measured in the illuminant under which the prostheses were prepared and then under the other reference illuminants. A relationship was obtained between the measured mean colour difference, deltaE*, and the mean visual assessment score for each prosthesis. This paper points out the concerns related to the optical phenomenon of metamerism with the colour pigments used. This can affect the colour match of the prosthesis as perceived by the patient. The findings seem to suggest that this metameric colour difference can be minimised if the prosthesis is matched under a combination of lights, which were found to give the best-perceived match.

Fingers↗
PubMed2003

[Esophageal and gastrointestinal application of traditional and metal prostheses].

INTRODUCTION: The endoscopic prosthesis implantation in malignant oesophago-gastrointestinal stenoses is an important palliative therapeutic method. Even with traditional prosthesis placement in the last 10 years the application of metal prosthesis is more and more frequent. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this article the authors summarise their experiences with traditional and metal prosthesis implantations between September of 1991 and November of 2002. In the last 11 years 180 prostheses were implanted for 152 patients. Out of these 130 were traditional and 50 were metal prosthesis. The traditional prostheses were implanted with balloon catheter introducer following dilatation up to 17-18 mm with balloon and Savary bougie. The metal prostheses were implanted after balloon catheter dilatation up to 14 mm. The cause of stenosis in 61 cases were inoperable or recurrent oesophageal cancer, in 45 gastric cancer, in 38 cases oesophageal compression or infiltration by lung cancer, mediastinal metastases due to breast cancer in 7 and kidney cancer in 1 case. 111 prostheses were implanted in to the oesophageal, 24 cardial, 3 gastro-enteral, 8 oesophago-jejunal, 6 jejunal stenoses. RESULTS: Due to the stent implantation the patients average dysphagia score decreased from 2.85 (SD = 0.7) to 1.0 (SD = 0.6). From our patients 33 had oesophago/gastro--respiratoric/mediastinal/thoracocutaneous fistula. Out of these 26 were successfully closed with metal prosthesis and 5 out of 7 with traditional prostheses. The severe early complications with traditional prosthesis (5 perforation, 2 hydropneumothorax, 1 mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema) were in 6.2% of the cases. From 8 patients 4 healed after drainage, 3 following conservative therapy and 1 died. Early, severe complication, thoracic empyema was observed in one patient from 50 implanted metal stent. The patient died after surgical drainage. In 2 patients as a severe late complication with Wallstent, severe bleeding occurred, and in 2 patient at the funnel of a traditional stents, 3 esophago-tracheal fistulas developed. Furthermore there were stent dislocations (17/152) and stent obstructions (15/152) all together (32/152) in 21% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of traditional prostheses method used by the authors runs with low risks and gives good results. Implantation of metal stent is easier, less burden for the patient and considerably decreasing the risk of early, severe complications, widening the application territory for prostheses. In the frequency of late complication however there is no significant difference between the methods.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Clinical and pathologic effects of spiral and total ring prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea of dogs.

This study compared the short-term clinical and pathologic effects of spiral and total ring prostheses, applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea of dogs via a combined intercostal thoracotomy and ventral cervical midline approach. The effect of intraluminal placement of synthetic monofilament nonabsorbable suture also was evaluated. Eleven small-breed dogs were randomly allotted to 3 groups. Group 1 (n = 3) were controls that had been treated by sham operation, group 2 (n = 4) had polypropylene spiral prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea, and group 3 (n = 3) had total ring prostheses applied to the cervical and thoracic portions of the trachea. All dogs were euthanatized and necropsied 8 weeks after surgery. Clinical complications were minimal and limited to mild, short-term lameness and coughing. Three and 6 weeks after surgery, radiographs were within normal limits in all dogs. Tracheoscopy confirmed maintenance of tracheal lumen diameter and integrity of the mucosal epithelium in all dogs. Gross and microscopic postmortem findings were similar in groups 2 and 3. Mild adhesions were present between prostheses and adjacent structures. Similar adhesions were present where prostheses had been applied and subsequently removed in group-1 dogs. Histopathologic abnormalities included mild to moderate adventitial and periprosthetic fibrosis and mild advential inflammation associated with polypropylene spiral prostheses and total ring prostheses. The majority (70%) of intratracheal sutures evaluated were covered by microscopically normal ciliated mucosal epithelium by 8 weeks after surgery.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed2005

In vitro biological performances of phosphorylcholine-grafted ePTFE prostheses through RFGD plasma techniques.

Arterial prostheses made of microporous Teflon (ePTFE) are currently used in vascular surgery as bypasses for small and medium vessels. However, several clinical complications, such as thrombosis, frequently occur in these prostheses when implanted in humans. In this work, an original strategy was developed to improve the hemocompatibility of ePTFE prostheses, based on glow-discharge surface modification followed by chemical grafting of phosphorylcholine, known for its hemocompatible properties. This procedure leads to a covalent attachment of the molecules, therefore preventing their removal by shear stress induced by blood flow at the implant wall. The improvement of the blood compatibility properties of the modified ePTFE arterial prostheses have been investigated by in vitro tests such as thromboelastography, neutrophil adsorption, platelet aggregation, and cell cultures. These in vitro tests put in evidence that thrombogenicity index, platelet aggregation, and neutrophil adhesion were decreased by the molecule grafted on the prostheses. Moreover, the cell growth on the surface of the PRC-grafted prostheses was greatly enhanced in comparison to the virgin prosthesis. Based on these results, it could be concluded that PRC grafting on ePTFE prostheses permit to improve in vitro hemocompatibility and biocompatibility in comparison with their virgin counterpart.

Ammonia↗