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PubMed1990

[Experimental study on myocardial preservation by perfluorochemical "comparison of myocardial preservation effect between continuous perfusion and intermittent perfusion"].

The effect of myocardial preservation with perfluorochemical as cardioplegic solution was studied with isolated canine hearts which was compared between intermittent coronary perfusion and continuous coronary perfusion. Intermittent perfusion group (group I) was infused every 30 minutes during 5 hours ischemia with oxygenated perfluorochemical at the amount of 10 ml/kg. Continuous perfusion group (group II) was infused continuously at the amount of 10 ml/kg/30 minutes. After 5 hours of ischemic time, total perfusion volume of both group were same 100 ml/kg. The comparison of myocardial preservation effect between group I and group II was examined with biochemical study, hemodynamic study and histological study. As a result, biochemical study such as GOT, CPK, and Lactate showed higher in group II than in group I, and value of catecholamine and adenylate levels in myocardial tissue showed higher in group I than in group II. In hemodynamic study, LVSW and LVEDP showed excellent value in group I, but never showed adequate function in group II at late working phase. On the other hand, LVmax dp/dt was recovered excellently in group I but in group II was not recovered at early working phase. In histological findings with electronic microscopy, there were some limited ischemic lesion in group II, which was suggested disturbance of micro circulation. It may be attributable to low perfusion pressure of continuous perfusion method. Finally, with regard to SOD (Super oxide dismutase) consumption, group I took higher than group II, and also oxygen consumption. It shows that in group I there is an effective activity of aerobic metabolism during ischemia, which explain not only the improved functional recovery but also generation of free radical, caused by super oxide etc. It is concluded from these results that intermittent perfusion has provided excellent preservation against myocardial ischemia, and also has possibility of danger to set up reperfusion injury.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Release of noradrenaline and ventricular arrhythmias in the isolated perfused working rat heart in the presence of fatty acids. Effect of coronary artery occlusion and re-perfusion (author's transl)].

After an initial perfusion using the Langendorff technique, rat hearts were perfused through the left atrium according to the working heart technique. Hearts were preloaded with l noradrenaline 3H (3H-NA) and the release of radioactivity and 3H-NA in the coronary effluent was evaluated. Coronary flow, cardiac output, myocardial oxygen consumption and the electrocardiogram were simultaneously recorded. The perfusion medium consisted of a modified Krebs Henseleit solution containing 3 mM potassium and 0.5 mM sodium palmitate complexed with serum albumin in a molar ratio of 6/1. 1. The addition of palmitate to the perfusion fluid during the Langendorff perfusion produced increases in coronary flow and oxygen consumption, but the release of 3H-NA was not significantly modified, and no irregularities in ventricular concentration were observed. Likewise, the working of the heart did not alter the rate of 3H-NA release. 2. Ischemia was induced on the working heart by left coronary artery ligation for 15 min. It resulted in a reduction in coronary flow and in a similar decrease in the rate of release of 3H-NA. During the first minutes of the occlusion period, there was a slight increase in the incidence of ventricular extrasystoles, but ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation were never encountered. 3. Re-perfusion was accompanied by the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation in all the hearts. These arrhythmias were almost uninterrupted during the first 3 min of re-perfusion, and lasted to a lesser extent up to the 9th minute. Re-perfusion resulted in a sudden release of 3H-NA which was multiplied by a factor 4 during the first 2 min, and then decreased progressively. 4. These results suggest that a release of NA from the myocardial ischemic zones plays a role in the genesis of cardiac arrhythmias following reperfusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Heterogeneity of myocardial perfusion provides the physiological basis of perfusable tissue index.

UNLABELLED: Assessment of viable from nonviable myocardium is critical for the care of patients being considered for revascularization procedures. Recently, the perfusable tissue index (PTI) has been proposed as an index of myocardial viability. METHODS: Computer simulations were performed for homogeneously and heterogeneously perfused tissue over a wide range of flows (0.04-6.4 ml/g/min) using both bolus and infusion inputs. RESULTS: PTI estimated from simulated homogeneously perfused tissue did reflect the amount of tissue being perfused independent of absolute level of flow, type of input or model configuration, whereas PTI obtained from simulated heterogeneously perfused tissue was consistently lower than the simulated "true" PTI and varied with flow, type of input function and model configuration. Flow estimated with 15O-water was not significantly different from that measured with radio labeled microspheres. CONCLUSION: Oxygen-15-water can diffuse into both acutely and chronically ischemic myocardium irrespective of its functional status. The results suggest that PTI is most likely an index of the heterogeneity of myocardial flow rather than an index of the amount of tissue being perfused. Its utility for delineating myocardial viability is thus related to the amount of tissue perfused that has low absolute levels of perfusion or high degrees of flow heterogeneity.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2004

Color-encoded semiautomatic analysis of multi-slice first-pass magnetic resonance perfusion: comparison to tetrofosmin single photon emission computed tomography perfusion and X-ray angiography.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) perfusion can accurately detect coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the absence of efficient, easy-to-use and reliable image analysis software is an obstacle to its introduction into clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate new color-encoded semiautomatic software for analysis of first-pass CMR perfusion in comparison to tetrofosmin myocardial single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), using X-ray angiography as the standard of truth for the detection of CAD. METHODS: Thirty-two patients underwent both SPECT and CMR perfusion at rest and adenosine stress. Twenty of these patients also underwent X-ray angiography. Off-line CMR image analysis consisted of six steps to generate a color display of the myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI). The MPRI color-maps were analyzed visually and compared to SPECT. RESULTS: In comparison to X-ray angiography overall accuracy was 87% for CMR and 77% for SPECT perfusion to detect significant CAD (stenosis > or =70%). In comparison with SPECT sensitivity was 80%, specificity 91%, and the overall agreement 89% for CMR. CONCLUSIONS: Post-processing of CMR perfusion data using new semiautomatic software to generate and display the MPRI visually as color-encoded images is feasible and fast. In this study it yielded higher accuracy than SPECT to detect significant CAD on X-ray angiography. Correlation between SPECT and CMR accuracy for detection of perfusion defects was high. This method may accelerate the time-consuming analysis of CMR perfusion data, thus enabling a more widespread clinical utility.

Adenosine↗
PubMed1995

Measurement of human pancreatic perfusion using dynamic computed tomography with perfusion imaging.

Absolute quantification of pancreatic perfusion in man has been extremely difficult to date. This paper describes a relatively simple application of dynamic computed tomography to provide perfusion imaging of the human pancreas. Values for perfusion in eight normal pancreases ranged between 1.25 and 1.66 ml min-1 ml-1 (mean: 1.52 ml min-1 ml-1). Increased perfusion values were present in a patient with an islet cell tumour (overall perfusion 2.11 ml min-1 ml-1) and a patient with Wilson's disease (3.43 ml min-1 ml-1). Pancreatic perfusion was reduced in a patient with diabetes (0.60 ml min-1 ml-1) and in a failing pancreatic transplant (0.97 ml min-1 ml-1). The combination of functional information and good spatial detail afforded by computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging means the technique is well suited for the evaluation of the human pancreas. It is currently the only technique which allows non-invasive absolute quantification of pancreatic perfusion.

Adenoma, Islet Cell↗
PubMed2003

Correlation of early dynamic CT perfusion imaging with whole-brain MR diffusion and perfusion imaging in acute hemispheric stroke.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Compared with MR imaging, dynamic CT perfusion imaging covers only a fraction of the whole brain. An important assumption is that CT perfusion abnormalities correlate with total ischemic volume. The purpose of our study was to measure the degree of correlation between abnormalities seen on CT perfusion scans and the volumes of abnormality seen on MR diffusion and perfusion images in patients with acute large-vessel stroke. METHODS: Fourteen patients with acute hemispheric stroke symptoms less than 12 hours in duration were studied with single-slice CT perfusion imaging and multislice MR diffusion and perfusion imaging. CT and MR perfusion studies were completed within 2.5 hours of one another (mean, 77 minutes) and were reviewed independently by two neuroradiologists. Hemodynamic parameters included cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and mean transit time (MTT). Extents of abnormality on images were compared by using Kendall correlation. RESULTS: Statistically significant correlation was found between CT-CBF and MR-CBF abnormalities (tau = 0.60, P =.003) and CT-MTT and MR-MTT abnormalities (tau = 0.65, P =.001). Correlation of CT-CBV with MR-CBV approached significance (tau = 0.39, P =.06). Extent of initial hyperintensity on diffusion-weighted images correlated best with extent of MR-CBV abnormality (tau = 0.69, P =.001), extent of MR-MTT abnormality (tau = 0.67, P =.002), and extent of CT-CBV abnormality (tau = 0.47, P =.02). CONCLUSION: Good correlation was seen between CT and MR for CBF and MTT abnormalities. It remains uncertain whether CT perfusion CBV abnormalities correspond well to whole-brain abnormalities.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Pulsatile perfusion versus conventional high-flow nonpulsatile perfusion for rapid core cooling and rewarming of infants for circulatory arrest in cardiac operation.

Thirty consecutive infants undergoing hypothermia and circulatory arrest for repair of ventricular septal defect, transposition of the great vessels, or atrioventricular canal defects were alternately selected for conventional high flow nonpulsatile perfusion or pulsatile perfusion during core cooling and rewarming. All received morphine anesthesia, 30 mg/kg of Solu-Medrol, and 10 to 15 mcg/kg of phentolamine. Those receiving nonpulsatile flow were perfused at a rate of 160 to 180 cc/kg/min with a roller pump and oxygenator with arterial pressure of 50 to 55 mm Hg. In the pulsatile flow group, a roller pump and oxygenator were used, and an especially constructed Datascope PAD (pulsatile assist device) was interposed in the arterial line to provide pulsatile perfusion with 75/40 mm Hg pressure at slightly reduced flow (150 cc/kg/min). The average rectal, esophageal, and tympanic membrane temperatures were reduced to approximately 16 degrees C prior to circulatory arrest. Following repair, perfusion was resumed until these temperatures returned to 37 degrees C. Cooling and rewarming were enhanced by pulsatile perfusion, with over 30% reduction in total pump time. Additionally, the larger patients in the pulsatile group cooled almost as rapidly as the smaller. The rates of decline and subsequent rise of rectal, esophageal, and tympanic membrane temperatures were equal in the pulsatile group, but the rectal temperature lagged far behind in the nonpulsatile group. Urine production during bypass was 100% greater in the pulsatile group. The plasma free hemoglobin was similar in both groups. The average postrewarming pH was 7.31 in the nonpulsatile group and 7.42 in the pulsatile group. Infants receiving pulsatile flow awakened more quickly, were more alert, and required less postoperative mechanical ventilation. We suggest that pulsatile perfusion for core cooling and rewarming of infants is safe and is more rapid and physiological than conventional high-flow nonpulsatile perfusion.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1985

Improved tissue perfusion during pressure regulated hyperthermic regional isolated perfusion. A clinical study.

In previous studies on isolated hindlimb perfusions in dogs, the authors proved that the extracorporeal circuit should be regulated at a delta pressure (systemic mean arterial pressure minus hindlimb mean arterial pressure) of not more than 15 mmHg, to achieve adequate tissue perfusion. To confirm this in patients the authors performed clinical perfusions, divided into three groups. In group I and II the extracorporeal circuit was regulated at a delta pressure of 15 mmHg and 50 mmHg, respectively. In group III perfusions were performed using the common technique of a predetermined fixed flow. Tissue oxygenation, determined by means of a transcutaneous pO2 electrode, was adequate in group I and was severely impaired in group II and III. Although in group I high perfusion flows were needed, leakage was less than 10%. To achieve adequate tissue perfusion during clinical regional perfusions, the extracorporeal circuit must be regulated at a delta pressure of 15 mmHg.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Performance of small-scale CHO perfusion cultures using an acoustic cell filtration device for cell retention: characterization of separation efficiency and impact of perfusion on product quality.

Several small-scale Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) suspension cultures were grown in perfusion mode using a new acoustic filtration system. The separation performance was evaluated at different cell concentrations and perfusion rates for two different CHO cell lines. It was found that the separation performance depends inversely on the cell concentration and perfusion rate. High media flow rates as well as high cell concentrations resulted in a significant drop in the separation performance, which limited the maximal cell concentration achievable. However, packed cell volumes of 10% to 16% (corresponding to 3 to 6. 10(7) cells/mL) could be reached and were maintained without additional bleeding after shifting the temperature to 33 degrees C. Perfusion, up to 50 days, did not harm the cells and did not result in a loss of performance of the acoustic filter as often seen with other perfusion systems. Volumetric productivities in perfusion mode were 2- to 12-fold higher for two cell lines producing two different glycoproteins when compared to fed-batch or batch processes using the same cell lines. Product concentrations were in the range of 20% to 80% of batch or fed-batch culture, respectively. In addition, using the protease-sensitive product rhesus thrombopoietin, we could show that cultivation in perfusion mode drastically reduced proteolysis when compared to a batch culture without addition of protease inhibitors such as leupeptin.

Acoustics↗
PubMed1992

Isolated hyperthermic liver perfusion with cytostatic-containing perfusate activates the complement cascade.

Eight patients with advanced liver malignancy undergoing isolated hyperthermic liver perfusion with melphalan and cisplatin were studied with regard to complement activation and formation of anaphylatoxins (C3a and C5a) and terminal C5b-9 complement complexes (TCCs). Blood samples for complement variables (C1-INH, C3, C4, C5, C3a, C5a and TCCs) were taken before surgery, 1 min before the start of perfusion, 1, 2 and 3 h after the start of perfusion, and 24 h after operation. Samples were drawn from the perfusate 1 h after the start of perfusion. Activation of complement was observed during perfusion. Raised plasma concentrations of C3a and TCCs were recorded and high levels of C3a and TCCs were found in the perfusate. In vitro tests indicated that melphalan and cisplatin may activate complement. This activation occurred at 37 and 42 degrees C but was more pronounced at 42 degrees C.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Rat jejunum perfused in situ: effect of perfusion rate and intraluminal radius on absorption rate and effective unstirred layer thickness.

In anaesthetized rats a jejunal segment was perfused in situ varying the perfusion rate (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 ml/min) in a randomized order. The intraluminal radius of the segments was small (1.7 mm) or enlarged (3.1 mm) by increasing the intraluminal pressure. The appearance rate of butanol, antipyrine, salicylic acid, D- and L-phenylalanine but not of urea in the venous blood of the jejunal segments was increased up to 35%, when the intraluminal perfusion rate was raised from 0.1 to 0.5 ml/min. Two factors contribute to this effect: the flattening of the concentration gradient down the segment and the reduction of the effective unstirred layer thickness. The length and the intraluminal radius of the perfused segments was not altered, when the perfusion rate was varied. Therefore, a change of the absorbing area did not contribute to the increase of the absorption rate induced by the increase of the perfusion rate. In the series with small intraluminal radius the experimental data corresponded to the theoretical predictions obtained for a laminar intraluminal flow. In the segments with enlarged intraluminal radius the increase of the absorption rate by raising the perfusion rate was less than expected for a laminar flow indicating that the flow might have been turbulent. The enlargement of the intraluminal radius from 1.7 to 3.1 mm increased the absorption rate up to 100%.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of epinephrine and perfusion pressure on the peak aortic pressure development and glucose transport in the isolated perfused heart of normal and diabetic rats.

The effects of increased perfusion pressure and epinephrine stimulation on the contractile parameters and glucose transport in the isolated perfused hearts of control and ketotic diabetic rats were studied. An increase in perfusion pressure from 60 mm Hg to 100 mm Hg resulted in increases in coronary flow and peak aortic pressure development in control and diabetic hearts. The responses of the diabetic heart were similar to the control. Epinephrine produced lower increments in peak aortic pressure development in control and diabetic hearts under the higher perfusion pressure. Glucose uptake, although stimulated about 4-fold in both control and diabetic hearts on increasing the perfusion pressure, was still lower in the diabetic heart. Epinephrine stimulated glucose uptake in both control and diabetic hearts at 60 mm Hg, but the control heart showed a greater response. At 100 mm Hg perfusion pressure, the stimulatory effect of epinephrine on glucose uptake was abolished in both control and diabetic hearts. The results of this study show that the contractile and glucose stimulatory effects of epinephrine were influenced by the perfusion pressure. Epinephrine did not correct the impairment in glucose transport in the diabetic heart.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of perfusion pressure on coronary flow, myocardial Ca2+-washout, and the occurrence of calcium paradox in isolated perfused rat heart ventricles.

The influence of perfusion pressure (5-8 kPa) on coronary flow and myocardial Ca2+-washout during Ca2+-free perfusion, and on the occurrence of calcium paradox after subsequent Ca2+-reperfusion, was studied in isolated, stimulated, rat heart ventricles. During the Ca2+-free perfusion period (3 min) the following changes were observed: 1. Rapid cessation of ventricular contractions. 2. A pressure-dependent increase in diastolic rest tension. 3. A pressure-dependent increase increase in coronary flow rate. 4. A pressure-dependent increase in myocardial Ca2+-washout. Upon Ca2+-reperfusion all hearts failed to recover fully and the incidence of complete loss of ventricular contractility ("complete calcium paradox") increased with increasing perfusion pressure. Furthermore, a clear relationship between coronary flow and effluent-Ca2+-concentration (during Ca2+-free perfusion) and the occurrence of calcium paradox (upon Ca2+-reperfusion) was observed. The results suggested that the processes underlying the calcium paradox mechanism are influenced by the perfusion pressure, mainly via an effect on coronary flow during the Ca2+-free perfusion phase and through this effect on the rate and extent of myocardial Ca2+-washout.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

The Groningen hypothermic liver perfusion pump: functional evaluation of a new machine perfusion system.

To improve preservation of donor livers, we have developed a portable hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP) system as an alternative for static cold storage. A prototype of the system was built and evaluated on functionality. Evaluation criteria included 24 h of adequate pressure controlled perfusion, sufficient oxygenation, a maintained 0-4 degrees C temperature and sterile conditions. Porcine livers were perfused with pump pressures that were set at 4 mmHg (continuous, portal vein) and 30/20 mmHg, at 60 BPM (pulsatile, hepatic artery). Control livers were preserved using the clinical golden standard: static cold storage. In the HMP group, pressure, flow and temperature were continuously monitored for 24 h. At time-points t = 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h samples of University of Wisconsin machine preservation solution were taken for measurement of partial oxygen pressure (pO(2)) and lacto-dehydrogenase. Biopsies in every lobe were taken for histology and electron microscopy; samples of ice, preservation solution, liver surface, and bile were taken and cultured to determine sterility. Results showed that temperature was maintained at 0-4 degrees C; perfusion pressure was maintained at 4 mmHg and 30/20 mmHg for portal vein and hepatic artery, respectively. Flow was approximately 350 and 80 ml/min, respectively, but decreased in the portal vein, probably due to edema formation. Arterial pO(2) was kept at 100 kPa. Histology showed complete perfusion of the liver with no major damage to hepatocytes, bile ducts, and non-parenchymal cells compared to control livers. The machine perfusion system complied to the design criteria and will have to demonstrate the superiority of machine perfusion over cold storage in transplant experiments.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Serial fluorometric assessments of skin perfusion in isolated perfused human skin flaps.

The applicability of serial skin surface fluorometry for repeated assessments of skin flap perfusion was investigated using the isolated perfused human transverse paraumbilical (TP) skin flap model. The flow rate, perfusion pressure and skin surface temperature were kept constant in seven human TP skin flaps and a low dose of fluorescein (3 x 10(-5) M) was used for each assessment. It was observed that the mean values for total dye fluorescence measured by a fluorometer and the maximum distance of perfusion estimated by dye fluorescein index remained consistent in five repeated assessments at 15 min interval. The variation in the maximum distance of perfusion within each TP skin flap over 5 repeated assessments was also relatively small, as judged by the mean coefficient of variation (6.1%; SEM 0.4%). Furthermore, a highly significant correlation between microsphere (15 microns) radioactivity index and dye fluorescence index was observed at corresponding locations in these seven TP skin flaps (r = 0.81; p < 0.001, n = 75). Taken together, these observations indicate that serial skin surface fluorometry provided consistent repeated assessments of skin perfusion in human skin flaps in vitro and the dye fluorescence index provided a consistent assessment of skin perfusion distance along the length of the TP skin flap. These observations lead us to speculate that critical (threshold) dye fluorescence index determined at various postoperative time points should be useful for prediction of skin viability in clinical skin flaps; thus, a clinical investigation is recommended.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1990

A technique for isolated liver perfusion in the rat with survival and results of cytotoxic drug perfusion on liver tumor growth.

The toxic side effects of many chemotherapeutic agents prevent their use in high concentrations. Isolated perfusion techniques have been used most commonly for malignancies involving the extremities, but recently also for irresectable liver tumors. This paper describes a technique for in vivo isolated liver perfusion for 30 min with oxygenated blood through the portal vein and hepatic artery simultaneously. There was a 14% mortality rate. There was some initial hepatocellular death, which resolved quickly and did not seriously affect liver function. There was only a small leak from the perfusion system to the systemic circulation. We tested the system on an experimental liver tumor from a colonic adenocarcinoma. Perfusion with added 5-FU in a toxic dose of 70 mg/kg to the medium significantly retarded tumor growth evaluated 10 days after perfusion compared to rats perfused without 5-FU. This model closely resembles the technique applied clinically and will enable further work on effects of perfusion in an experimental rat liver tumor model.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Evaluation of isolated lung perfusion as neoadjuvant therapy of lung metastases using a novel in vivo pig model: I. Influence of perfusion pressure and hyperthermia on functional and morphological lung integrity.

OBJECTIVE: Despite favorable experimental results and an encouraging early experience in humans, isolated lung perfusion (ILP) for treatment of metastases is still not established clinically. The complexity of the procedure as well as poor knowledge regarding the technical necessities of lung perfusion represents major limitations. METHODS: In this novel in vivo pig model, ILP of the left lung was performed for 40 min followed by the exclusion of the right lung. Survival and all monitored parameters of hemodynamics, ventilation and gas exchange were exclusively dependent on the previously perfused left lung for the 6-h reperfusion period. Furthermore, histological examination was assessed. In the first protocol influence of different perfusion pressures (PP) on the native lung tissue was investigated (LPG, n=6, PP<25 mmHg; HPG, n = 8, PP> or =25 mmHg). In the second protocol the influence of normothermic (T-38; n=5; t=38 degrees C), mild (T-40; n=5; t=40 degrees C) and moderate hyperthermic (T-41.5; n=5; t=41.5 degrees C) perfusion temperature was evaluated. Results were compared to those of a sham-operated control group (SG, n=5). RESULTS: ILP led to a slight deterioration of all functional as well as histological parameters in all groups. HPG resulted in impairment regarding all monitored parameters compared to LPG and SG. Significant differences between HPG and SG were found for cardiac index (P=0.026) and pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI, P=0.026). Histological scoring revealed significantly higher grade of lung injury for HPG animals (P=0.001). Functional parameters did not differ between normothermic and hyperthermic perfusion groups. However, animals of the T-38 group demonstrated significantly increased PVRI (P=0.004). Histological examination revealed significantly higher scores of acute lung injury for all perfusion groups compared to the Sham group (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this novel large animal model represent the first available demonstration that increased PP in a setting of ILP will result in deleterious effects on lung function and morphology. However, mild to moderate hyperthermia is well tolerated by the native lung tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

A comparative study of long-term heart preservation using 12-h continuous coronary perfusion versus 1-h coronary perfusion following 11-h simple immersion.

PURPOSE: We previously reported the superiority of the continuous coronary perfusion method using apparatus developed in our department. However, myocardial edema was a serious problem following this method. The purpose of this study was to attempt a comparative study of 12-h continuous perfusion and 1-h perfusion following 11-h simple immersion to evaluate the suitable method for long-term heart preservation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HBD dogs were used in this study. After measuring baseline hemodynamics, cardiac arrest was attained and the coronary vascular beds were washed out with 4 degrees C Celsior solution. The grafts were divided into the two groups. In the CP group (n = 6), the grafts were preserved by continuous perfusion with 4 degrees C Celsior solution, and in the SI + CP (n = 6) group, the grafts were preserved with 11 h of simple immersion followed by an additional 1 h of perfusion with the same solution. The hemodynamics after orthotopic transplantation were compared. We also performed a histopathologic examination. RESULTS: Hemodynamics after reperfusion were maintained in both groups, and there were no significant differences in CO, Emax, or the rate pressure product between the two groups. In contrast, the percentage water content was significantly lower in the SI + CP group than in the CP group. Histopathologically, the myocytes were well preserved in both groups. However, ischemia-reperfusion changes were observed more frequently in the CP group than in the SI + CP group. CONCLUSION: A short-term perfusion following the simple immersion method may provide satisfactory results compared to the continuous perfusion method in long-term heart preservation.

Animals↗