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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Antibacterial multifilament nylon sutures.

Multifilament nylon fibers were made antibacterial by dopping with iodine. Nylon fibers were immersed in acetone solution of iodine for 48 hours at room temperature for dopping of iodine. It was observed that iodine uptake by the nylon fibers increased with the increase in concentration of iodine in the solution. Antibacterial activity of these iodine dopped samples was evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition. The bacterial species used for this study were Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Iodine dopped fibers exhibited good antibacterial activity against these bacterial species. Release of iodine in distilled water is sustained for about 30 days. Antibacterial activity of the fibers decreases with the release of iodine in water. Ultra-violet and visible spectroscopic studies showed that tri-iodide ions were released from the dopped samples in the aqueous medium. These I3- ions might be responsible for the observed antibacterial activity. Fiber shrinks on iodine dopping leading to increase in the denier of the fiber. However effect of iodine dopping on the breaking load of fibers is not significant.

Anti-Infective Agents, Local↗
PubMed1997

Plasma-modified nylon meshes as supports for cell culturing.

The polymeric surfaces of three commercially available nylon films with mesh openings of 5 microns, 10 microns and 20 microns were treated with anhydrous ammonia gaseous plasma. Cells cultured on the plasma-treated nylon films have higher proliferation rate and assume morphology distinct from those cultured on the unmodified films. Of the three plasma-modified membranes, the one with 5 microns mesh openings supported a largest population of cell growth. The plasma-treated nylon meshes provided a stronger anchorage for the collagen matrices formed within the mesh openings. Application of this collagen/nylon meshes for cell culturing is demonstrated.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1978

Nylon wool column separation of chicken thymic-derived (T) and bursal-derived (B) lymphocytes.

Since the original work of Julius et al. (1973), the nylon wool technique has become a standard laboratory procedure for separating cell populations and obtaining relatively pure populations of T and B cells. While this technique has been applied to a number of different animal systems, it had, to our knowledge, neither been qualitated nor quantitated in the chicken. One passage of chicken splenic lymphocytes through a nylon wool column yields an enriched T cell population in the effluent fraction and an enriched B cell population in the column fraction. As in the murine system, we found fractionation of chicken splenic cells by nylon wool to be a rapid method for enrichment of both T and B cell populations. It is emphasized, however, that each passage should be monitored to check the relative purity of the two cell populations.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Flock worker's lung: chronic interstitial lung disease in the nylon flocking industry.

BACKGROUND: Two young men working at a nylon flocking plant in Rhode Island developed interstitial lung disease of unknown cause. Similar clusters at the same company's Canadian plant were reported previously. OBJECTIVE: To define the extent, clinicopathologic features, and potential causes of the apparent disease outbreak. DESIGN: Case-finding survey and retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Academic occupational medicine program. PATIENTS: All workers employed at the Rhode Island plant on or after 15 June 1990. MEASUREMENTS: Symptomatic employees had chest radiography, pulmonary function tests, high-resolution computed tomography, and serologic testing. Those with unexplained radiographic or pulmonary function abnormalities underwent bronchoalveolar lavage, lung biopsy, or both. The case definition of "flock worker's lung" required histologic evidence of interstitial lung disease (or lavage evidence of lung inflammation) not explained by another condition. RESULTS: Eight cases of flock worker's lung were identified at the Rhode Island plant. Three cases were characterized by a high proportion of eosinophils (25% to 40%) in lavage fluid. Six of the seven patients who had biopsy had histologic findings of nonspecific interstitial pneumonia, and the seventh had bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. All seven of these patients had peribronchovascular interstitial lymphoid nodules, usually with germinal centers, and most had lymphocytic bronchiolitis and interstitial fibrosis. All improved after leaving work. Review of the Canadian tissue specimens showed many similar histologic findings. Among the 165-member study cohort, a 48-fold or greater increase was seen in the sex-adjusted incidence rate of all interstitial lung disease. CONCLUSIONS: Work in the nylon flocking industry poses substantial risk for a previously unrecognized occupational interstitial lung disease. Nylon fiber is the suspected cause of this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Potential of an antibacterial ultraviolet-irradiated nylon film.

The antibacterial effectiveness of an ultraviolet-irradiated nylon 6, 6 film was investigated for potential use as a food-packaging material to reduce the surface microbial contamination of foods. The film-surface analyses showed that UV irradiation induced conversion of surface amide groups to amines. Irradiation also increased the dimensional scale of the film surface topography (depth of valleys) approximately 5-fold on the scale of nanometers. The irradiated nylon demonstrated antagonistic activity against Staphylococcus aureus 25923 and Escherichia coli TV1058 with 4.5 and 6 log reductions, respectively, of an initial population of 10(6) cfu mL(-1). The irradiated nylon was ineffective against Pseudomonas fluorescens 13525 and Enterococcus faecalis 19433 under similar conditions. The film demonstrated increased antimicrobial activity against S. aureus 25923 with increasing temperatures up to 45 degrees C, the highest temperature tested. Protein and salt inhibited the antibacterial nature of the irradiated film. Amines in solution (4.31 x 10(-8) M; the calculated equivalent of amines on the film) killed at least 1 x 10(4) cfu mL(-1) E. coli TV1058, and 4. 31 x 10(-7) M amines killed up to 1 x 10(7) cfu mL(-1) E. coli TV1058. The amines in solution required similar exposure time to the bacteria for population reduction as was observed with the irradiated film.

Amines↗
PubMed1976

[Electrophoretic mobility of human lymphocytes purified by nylon columns and spontaneous rosettes].

Cell electrophoresis enables the separation of the lymphocytes in normal human blood into two principal groups, as a function of their migration speed in relation to 1 mum.sec -1..v-1.cm. In 42 healthy adults, 19,9 % of the lymphocytes have a slower migration, and 80,1 % a faster migration than the reference speed. Two known methods are used for the selection of the lymphocytic populations : spontaneous rosetting with sheep red blood cells, a property of the T lymphocytes, and the adherence to nylon wool columns, which is dominant in the case of B lymphocytes. The cells which do not form spontaneous rosettes, and the cells adhering to nylon wool columns have above all a slow migration. On the contrary, cells which do not adhere to nylon columns have a fast migration. These arguments are in favour of the T nature of the rapid migrating lymphocytes, and of the B nature of the slow migrating lymphocytes.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Polyglactin sutures versus nylon sutures for scleral flap suturing in trabeculectomy.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: To note the effect on filtration function of using polyglactin sutures for scleral flap suturing in trabeculectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Polyglactin sutures were compared with nylon sutures to secure the scleral flap of trabeculectomy in 30 consecutive eyes. Parameters studied were intraocular pressure, central anterior chamber depth, and bleb score in this randomized prospective study. RESULTS: Observations regarding intraocular pressure, central anterior chamber depth and bleb score in the early postoperative period were comparable in the 2 groups. The results at 12 months follow-up reveal a lower mean IOP (P < 0.05) and a higher mean bleb score (P < 0.05) in the group with polyglactin sutures. Success rate (defined as IOP < 21 mm Hg) at 12 months was 100% with use of polyglactin sutures compared to 80% with nylon sutures. CONCLUSIONS: Polyglactin sutures can be used as an alternative to nylon sutures for scleral flap suturing in trabeculectomy, with the possible additional benefit of better long-term filtration function.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed1976

The effect of 10-0 running nylon versus 8-0 silk on the healing of corneal gragts.

A previously reported well standardized tensile strength model in rabbits was sued in order to answer whether or not monofilament nylon does in fact delay corneal wound healing in general, and in particular, in corneal grafts. The tensile strength of penetrating keratoplasty wounds closed with either 10-0 running monofilament nylon or 8-0 interrupted black silk was measured in rabbits. The tensile strength of wounds closed with either suture was comparable in all groups. The advantages of 10-0 nylon in corneal transplantation and cataract extraction was presented. In addition, the assumption that the tensile strength of linear central wounds parallels that of a circular trephine wound was proven to be correct.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Novel use of positively charged nylon transfer membranes for trapping indoleacetic acid or other small anions during efflux from plant tissues.

Positively charged nylon blotting membranes were used as an anion binding medium to trap [14C]indoleactic acid (IAA) as it exited cells at the basal ends of Coleus blumei L. stem and Zea mays L. coleoptile segments. Autoradiography was used to visualize where the [14C] that moved out of the cut ends was localized on the nylon membrane. Diffusion of [14C]IAA from the initial point of contact with the nylon membrane was minimal. Comparison of the autoradiograms with anatomical tissue prints of the cut ends of the segments was used to determine what tissues participate in IAA movement. The results of these initial studies were consistent with other reports suggesting that [14C]IAA movement was primarily associated with vascular tissues in both C. blumei stems and corn coleoptiles, but the resolution was not sufficient to identify which vascular tissues were involved in IAA transport. With further refinements, this technique could also be used for studying the movement of other small charged molecules through plant tissues.

Anions↗
PubMed1992

Nonabsorbable suture material in cataract surgery: a comparison of Novafil and nylon.

We compared the performance of 10-0 Novafil (polybutester, Davis & Geck, American Cyanamid Company, New South Wales, Australia.) with that of 10-0 nylon (Alcon) in 60 patients undergoing extracapsular cataract extraction and implantation of a posterior chamber intraocular lens. A standard technique was used, and the incision was closed with interrupted sutures of either 10-0 Novafil or 10-0 nylon. Length of follow up ranged from 6 to 26 months (average, 15 months). We assessed the intraoperative handling qualities of the suture materials, as well as their effect on wound healing and inflammation. We also compared the surgically-induced astigmatism in the two suture groups over the first 3 postoperative months and then in long-term follow up (average, 15 months). Sutures removed at long-term follow up were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both suture materials handled easily at operation and were well tolerated by all patients. There was no significantly different surgically-induced astigmatism in the two suture groups after 12 weeks (P = .962) or during longer follow up (P = .401). SEM confirmed more advanced biodegradation of nylon as compared with Novafil sutures after they had been in place an average of 18 months.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Nonabsorbable suture material in corneoscleral sections--a comparison of novafil and nylon.

We compared a newly available nonabsorbable monofilament ophthalmic suture, 9/0 Novafil (Davis & Geck), with 10/0 nylon (Alcon), currently the most popular suture for closure of corneoscleral sections. Surgery was performed on nine rats and ten rabbits. In each case a 120 degrees corneoscleral section was made in each eye and closed with interrupted sutures of 9/0 Novafil in one eye and 10/0 nylon in the other. We compared their handling qualities during surgery, as well as their effect on postoperative wound inflammation. In addition we examined the suture material from each eye of the rats by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 3 months, and we compared the surgically induced astigmatism in the rabbits in the two suture groups. Both suture materials were easy to handle and well tolerated. Nylon sutures from six of the eight rat eyes studied showed SEM evidence of surface disintegration after 3 months, whereas all the Novafil sutures remained intact.

Absorption↗
PubMed1979

Biodegradation of nylon loops of intraocular implants in children.

In none of the 418 first-stage intraocular implant insertions with intracapsular cataract extractions I have carried out in adults is there any clinical evidence of nylon loop degradation. Although there are no previous reports of clinically observable implant loop degradation, clinically detectable biodegradation was found in eleven eyes of seven children and four adults among the 34 second-stage iris-clip or iridocapsular implants I inserted after aspiration of cataract in children and young adults. The degradation has not produced any uveitis, keratopathy, or instability of the implants in any of these patients. Two children had unilateral glaucoma in the eye containing an iris-clip implant. One of them had dense amblyopia in that eye and the iris-clip implant was removed at the time of trabeculectomy. Scanning electron microscopy of this implant is reported. Active search for nylon particles in the trabeculectomy specimen of the second child has shown the presence of strongly birefringent particles in the trabecular tissue. The possible mechanism of biodegradation of the nylon loops is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Silver nylon cloth: in vitro and in vivo evaluation of antimicrobial activity.

The topical agents used in burn care today, although beneficial, do have limitations, the most important of which is the failure to prevent or treat burn wound infections in patients with extensive injuries. Therefore, we evaluated the antimicrobial activity of two silver nylon fabrics (SN and HRS) on the growth of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. The theoretical advantages of these nylon fabrics over presently available silver compounds is their ability to continuously release silver ions into the burn wound as long as the material is in contact with the wound. Additionally, the release of silver from these fabrics can be augmented electrolytically. The results of these experiments indicated that both materials were microbicidal in vitro for all three test organisms. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity could be significantly augmented by passing a weak DC current through the material, which increased the rate of release of silver ions from the fabrics. In vivo, HRS was as effective as silver sulfadiazine in preventing colonization of the burn wound. The use of silver nylon fabrics thus appears to be a promising way of delivering large quantities of silver ions into the burn wound without the potential side effects of a carrier molecule or cream.

Bandages↗
PubMed1978

Immobilization of plasminogen activator, urokinase, on nylon.

Urokinase (UK), a fibrinolytic enzyme activator purified from human material was immobilized on nylon using different procedures. One was a modified method of immobilization of antigen or antibody initially carried out by Edelman and others in 1971 (Procedure I). The other was our newly devised method (Procedure II) (Sugitachi et al. 1976). Major specificities of the immobilized UK are as follows: 1. The UK revealed properties of a plasminogen activator and the optimum pH of the immobilized UK was between 7.2 and 7.4, these values being in good parallel with that of soluble UK. The immobilized UK maintained a stable fibrinolytic activity after long-term preservation and heat-treatment. 2. As the fibrinolytic activity of immobilized UK was found to be inhibited by the antiplasmin in human plasma, an antiplasmin inhibitor was immobilized on the nylon together with the UK. The antiplasmin activity was to some extent prevented using this procedure. 3. Nylon tubes immobilized with UK and antiplasmin inhibitor were used for thrombotic coagulation studies carried out according to the method of Chandler. Thrombus formation time (TFT) of UK-immobilized tubes was 30 min, while that of the non-treated tubes was no longer than 10 min.

Antifibrinolytic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Abdominal wound closure--a comparison of monofilament nylon and polyglycolic acid.

The incidence of burst abdomen, incisional herniation, and sinus formation after a vertical abdominal incision was studied in a prospective randomized trial that compared two suture materials--monofilament nylon and polyglycolic acid. Laparotomy wounds were closed with a continuous mass suture technique. Of the 210 patients studied, 15 died between 10 days and 6 months postoperatively with their wounds intact. The remaining patients were followed up for 6 months or longer. The two groups were well matched for known risk factors. The 104 patients in the polyglycolic acid group had a 12.5% wound failure rate (1 burst abdomen and 12 hernias), but the 106 patients in the nylon group had only a 4.7% wound failure rate (1 burst abdomen and 4 hernias) (P = 0.04). There was a significant association between the rate of infection and sinus formation, but there was no difference between the incidence of these complications between the two groups. Closure of abdominal wounds with absorbable sutures does not appear to be justified, and we suggest that nylon and the mass closure technique be used for all abdominal wound closures. Other etiologic factors significantly associated with wound failure include male sex and postoperative chest complications. However, infection remains the most significant postoperative complication because the incidence of incisional hernias and sinus formation would be reduced by the elimination of wound sepsis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Highly sensitive northern hybridization of rare mRNA using a positively charged nylon membrane.

The effect of different RNA fixation methods using Hybond-N and Hybond-N+ nylon membranes in Northern blot experiments was analyzed with human glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and human interleukin-3 receptor alpha-subunit as radioactive labeled DNA probes. Highest sensitivity could be achieved by mild alkaline fixation of RNA to positively charged Hybond-N+ nylon membrane. Fixation by UV light resulted in reduced sensitivity in comparison with alkaline treatment. Fixation of RNA to Hybond-N or -N+ membranes by baking for 2 h at 80 degrees C resulted in a strong decrease in sensitivity and should be avoided when using modified nylon membranes in Northern hybridizations.

Blotting, Northern↗
PubMed1979

Single- and coupled-enzyme nylon tube reactors for routine determination of pyruvate and lactate in serum.

We describe the use of a continuous-flow clinical analyzer with an immobilized coupled-enzyme nylon tube reactor and an immobilized single-enzyme nylon tube reactor for routine estimation of lactate and pyruvate in serum. These reactors are incorporated into the flow system of a modified continuous-flow analyzer (Technicon AutoAnalyzer). Results for serum lactate and pyruvate by this method are compared with those by corresponding methods in which the same enzymes are used in solution, either automatically (pyruvate) or manually (lactate) performed. Routine clinical laboratory determinations with use of the coupled-enzyme system lactate dehydrogenase and alanine aminotransferase, co-immobilized in the nylon tube reactor for estimation of lactate, and lactate dehydrogenase reactors for estimation of pyruvate give reliable and reproducible results with high precision at low cost.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1995

Adaptation of a chemiluminescent DNA detection system to strongly positively charged nylon membranes: single copy gene detection in human genome.

Nonradioactive methods for detection of genes by Southern hybridization are limited to neutral or positively charged membranes which are supplied or explicitly recommended by the manufacturers of the chemiluminescent detection systems. The results of such kits with a known strongly positively charged nylon membrane (Genescreen plus) are disappointing. The adaption of a chemiluminescent detection system to such a strongly positively charged nylon membrane is demonstrated in this communication. The modifications include a blocking step (1% SDS) before prehybridization, use of 5% SDS during hybridization, and 5% SDS and 1% BSA during detection. The increased sensitivity of such a highly positively charged nylon membrane enabled us to detect 2.5 pg of target DNA. The detection of both the alleles of a single copy polymorphic target (YNZ22) in the human genome is also shown.

Cations↗