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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

"Barebacking" in a diverse sample of men who have sex with men.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with "Barebacking" as a sociocultural phenomenon in a sample of HIV-positive and -negative men who have sex with men (MSM), and to assess the reasons for barebacking and venues for meeting partners. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey of MSM recruited in the San Francisco Bay Area from July 2000 to February 2001. METHODS: Barebacking, defined as "intentional anal sex without a condom with someone other than a primary partner", was assessed among men who had heard of the term. Participants were recruited outside multiple venues and interviewed later at community locations. Chi-square and multivariate logistic regression were used for analysis. RESULTS: The sample (n = 554) of MSM were African-American (28%), Latino (27%), white (31%) and other race/ethnicity (14%); 35% reported being HIV-positive. Seventy per cent of the men had heard of barebacking. Among men aware of the term, 14% had barebacked in the past 2 years (22% of HIV-positive versus 10% of HIV-negative men, P < 0.001); 10% of the full sample did so. The prevalence of barebacking did not differ by race/ethnicity or sexual orientation identification. Men tended to report bareback partners who had the same HIV serostatus; however, a sizeable proportion of men had partners of different or unknown serostatus. Increased physical stimulation and emotional connectedness were the primary reasons for barebacking. CONCLUSION: New approaches are needed to reduce bareback behavior and the risk of HIV transmission, including innovative health-promoting behavioral and biomedical interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Genetic services for men: the preferences of men with a family history of prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Men have a lower uptake of genetic services than women; however, the specific needs and preferences of men at risk of genetic conditions other than hereditary breast ovarian cancer are not known. We ascertain the information preferences of men with a family history of prostate cancer. METHODS: Unaffected men and their partners were administered a written questionnaire. RESULTS: Responses were received from 280 men (response rate: 59.2%) and 174 partners (response rate: 74%). Most men (59.6%) reported having insufficient information about their risk and wanted further information about personal risk (93.2%) and risk management (93.6%). Strikingly, 56.3% preferred to receive information related only to positive outcomes. Urologists were the preferred source of information, but there was considerable interest in a multidisciplinary service approach significantly associated with the number of affected relatives (odds ratio = 1.94, P < .002). Partners' level of concern was not associated with interest in multidisciplinary services, satisfaction with information, or support received. CONCLUSIONS: Delivering services to men at risk will require a multifaceted approach by primary care providers and specialists. Challenges include meeting men's expectations in the face of uncertain medical knowledge, engaging those at high risk in multidisciplinary services, and delivering tailored information to those at lower risk.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Testosterone replacement therapy in hypogonadal men at high risk for prostate cancer: results of 1 year of treatment in men with prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia.

PURPOSE: One of the greatest concerns among clinicians regarding testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is the fear of causing or promoting prostate cancer. We evaluated prostatic changes in hypogonadal men with and without high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), which is considered a prostatic precancerous lesion, after 1 year of TRT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 75 hypogonadal who completed 12 months of TRT were studied. All underwent prostate biopsy prior to initiating treatment. Of the men 55 had benign prostate biopsies (PIN-) and 20 had PIN without frank cancer (PIN+). All men with PIN underwent repeat biopsy to exclude cancer prior to the initiation of testosterone treatment. Prostate specific antigen (PSA), and total and free testosterone were determined prior to treatment and at 1 year. Repeat biopsy was performed for a change noted on digital rectal examination or for a PSA increase of 1 ng/l or greater. RESULTS: PSA was similar at baseline in men with and without PIN (1.49 +/- 1.1 and 1.53 +/- 1.6 ng/dl, p >0.05) and after 12 months of TRT (1.82 +/- 1.1 and 1.78 +/- 1.6 ng/dl, respectively, p >0.05). A slight, similar increase in mean PSA was noted in the PIN- and PIN+ groups (0.25 +/- 0.6 and 0.33 +/- 0.6 ng/dl, p >0.05). One man in the PIN+ group had cancer after biopsy was performed due to abnormal digital rectal examination. Four additional men in the PIN- group and 2 in the PIN+ group underwent re-biopsy for elevated PSA and none had cancer. No differences were noted between the PIN- and PIN+ groups with regard to total and free testosterone at baseline and at 1 year (p = 0.267). CONCLUSIONS: After 1 year of TRT men with PIN do not have a greater increase in PSA or a significantly increased risk of cancer than men without PIN. These results indicate that TRT is not contraindicated in men with a history of PIN.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Human papillomavirus infection in men who have sex with men participating in a Dutch gay-cohort study.

BACKGROUND: To develop strategies for prevention and early treatment of human papillomavirus (HPV) anal and penile cancer, a better understanding of related sexual behavior risk factors is needed. GOAL: The goal of this study was to establish the prevalence of anal and coronal sulcus HPV in a group of men who have sex with men participating in a Dutch gay-cohort study, to identify risk factors associated with HPV infection in this group, and to investigate the presence of identical HPV types in couples with stable relationships. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study of 241 HIV-negative and 17 HIV-positive men who have sex with men visiting the sexually transmitted disease clinic of the Erasmus MC for a regular and scheduled examination. Participants underwent a routine venereological examination including HIV serologic analysis, and swabs were taken from the coronal sulcus and anus for HPV DNA testing. All subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire on sexual risk behavior. RESULTS: HPV DNA was detected at the coronal sulcus in 23.5% of the HIV-positive men and in 15.8% of the HIV-negative men (P=0.492). In anal specimens, HPV DNA was detected in 64.7% of the HIV-positive men and 32.8% of the HIV-negative men (P=0.015). High-risk HPV types (P=0.007) and 2 or more different HPV genotypes (P=0.006) were seen more often in anal specimens of HIV-positive persons than in specimens of HIV-negative persons. A factor possibly associated with the presence of anal HPV infection was a concomitant anal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, gonococci, or herpes simplex virus (P=0.059). In only 16.7% of HPV-positive steady couples, both companions showed the presence of one or more identical HPV genotypes. CONCLUSION: In this study, anal HPV DNA was detected more often than HPV DNA at the coronal sulcus. HIV positivity was associated with a higher prevalence of high-risk, but not with low-risk HPV types, at the anus. No association was found between HIV positivity and presence of high-risk HPV at the coronal sulcus. No sexual behavioral determinants for the presence of HPV could be identified. Concomitant anal infection with C trachomatis, gonococci, or herpes simplex virus may be associated with HPV infection. In the majority of steady couples, partners were infected with different HPV types.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms in men aged 45-79 years: a population-based study of 40 000 Swedish men.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the age-specific prevalence and severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) among Swedish men, the intercorrelations between different symptoms, and to assess quality of life and health-seeking behaviour among men with LUTS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In 1997, an International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire, together with other questions about lifestyle, was mailed to all men aged 45-79 years living in two counties in Sweden; the analyses included 39 928 men. RESULTS: Overall, 18.5% and 4.8% of the men were moderately and severely symptomatic; the prevalence of at least one symptom was 83%. LUTS were strongly age-dependent, with 1.8% of severe symptoms among men aged 45-49 years and increasing to 9.7% among those 75-79 years old. Frequent urination was the most common symptom among men aged < 70 years and nocturia among those aged >70 years. Symptoms like hesitancy, poor flow and intermittency were highly correlated with each other (Spearman coefficients 0.56-0.60). There was a high correlation between the IPSS and a poor score for quality of life resulting from the bothersomeness of LUTS (r = 0.70). Among symptomatic subjects, 36% reported a poor quality of life (fairly bad, very bad or terrible). Only 29% of symptomatic subjects (IPSS >7) reported that they had been diagnosed previously for their urinary problems, and only 11% received medication for that. CONCLUSION: Although the prevalence of LUTS in Sweden is high, the percentage of men whose quality of life is substantially affected is much lower.

Age Distribution↗
PubMed1998

Socioeconomic differences in health indices, social networks and mortality among Swedish men. A study of men born in 1933.

BACKGROUND: In previous survey we found large socioeconomic differences in mortality among urban Swedish men which remained unexplained after controlling for smoking and standard coronary risk factors. The present analysis was undertaken in order to investigate a broader set of possible explanatory factors in another cohort of Swedish men. STUDY POPULATION AND METHODS: Occupation was coded into five occupational classes for 717 of 776 participant men from a random population sample of 1016 men who were born in 1933. All were living in Göteborg and were 50 years old at the baseline examination. After 12 years' follow-up, 68 of the 717 men had died (9.5%). RESULTS: Low occupational class was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking at baseline, but no association was found with systolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist to hip ratio, serum triglycerides or serum cholesterol. Subjects from higher socioeconomic strata were taller, had higher maximum peak respiratory flow, lower plasma fibrinogen and lower body temperature. Low occupational class was associated with low social integration, low home activity levels, low levels of activity outside home and low social activity levels (p = 0.001 for all) and with low emotional support (p = 0.018). There were also associations between low occupational class and poor self-perceived health, as well as with several cardiovascular symptoms. During 12 years' follow-up, there was a graded and inverse relationship between occupational class and mortality from all causes. The highest mortality was found among the men who could not be classified (23 per 1,000 person years) Of the men in the lowest occupational class, 12 per 1,000 died, compared to 3 per 1,000 in the highest class (relative risk 3.7 (1.4-9.8)). After controlling for smoking, the relative risk decreased to 3.2 (1.2-8.6) and after further adjustment for emotional support, self-perceived health, activity level at home, and peak expiratory flow, the relative risk was still twofold but not significantly so (RR 2.1 (0.8-5.8)). CONCLUSION: We were able to confirm earlier results as to the wide mortality differentials in urban middle-aged men in Sweden. There were also large differences in several other factors, including constitutional factors, health variables, lifestyle and social support indices, which explained important parts of the social mortality gradient, the most prominent being smoking, respiratory function, social network factors and subjective health.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Insulin-like factor 3 serum levels in 135 normal men and 85 men with testicular disorders: relationship to the luteinizing hormone-testosterone axis.

Insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3) serum levels were measured in 135 andrologically well-characterized normal men and 85 patients with testicular disorders to investigate how the hormone, which is a major secretory product of human Leydig cells, is related to testosterone (T), LH, and semen quality. INSL3 was measured by using a newly developed fluorescence immunoassay. Median (2.5-97.5 percentiles) INSL3 serum levels were as follows: normal men (n = 135), 0.99 (0.55-1.73) ng/ml; infertile men (n = 23), 1.11 (0.60-2.07) ng/ml; anorchid men (n = 21), nondetectable (ND); patients with 47, XXY, Klinefelter syndrome (n = 21), 0.12 (ND-0.78) ng/ml; men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and T substitution (n = 11), ND; and men with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment (n = 5), 0.36 (0.13-0.73) ng/ml. Before testicular biopsy, two infertile men had blood samples drawn directly from vena spermatica. Here, the serum INSL3 levels were 15-fold higher than in serum from peripheral blood samples (13.84 and 14.00 ng/ml, respectively). In two unilaterally orchiectomized former testis cancer patients, who underwent hCG stimulation test, INSL3 serum levels were unchanged 72 and 96 h after hCG stimulation. In conclusion, we provide a normal range for INSL3 serum levels in adult men and show that the majority, if not all, circulating INSL3 derives from the testes. Furthermore, our data strongly indicate that INSL3 secretion is dependent on the differentiating effect of LH on Leydig cells but independent of the steroidogenic LH-mediated action. Thus, even though T and INSL3 are both dependent on LH, these two Leydig cell hormones are regulated differently.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Spectrum of pituitary disease in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1): clinical, biochemical, and radiological features of pituitary disease in a large MEN 1 kindred.

Prolactinomas and somatotropinomas are reported to be the pituitary lesions most frequently associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). However, few reports have documented the full spectrum of pituitary disease in this condition. We report herein the clinical, biochemical (PRL, alpha-subunit, insulin-like growth factor-I, cortisol, and thyroid function), and radiological (magnetic resonance imaging and computerized tomography scan) characteristics of pituitary disease occurring in a single MEN 1 pedigree containing 165 MEN 1-affected members. Pituitary lesions were detected in 30 (18%) of 165 patients overall. In the subgroup of MEN 1 patients (n = 131) living after recognition of MEN 1 in the kindred, pituitary lesions were detected in 25 (19%). In 76% of patients with pituitary lesions, the diagnosis was made by prospective screening; the remainder sought medical attention for symptomatic pituitary disease. Prolactinomas accounted for 76%, and nonfunctioning adenomas accounted for the remaining 24%. alpha-Subunit elevation was observed in 29% of 41 patients tested, and an aggressive alpha-subunit secreting macroadenoma developed in 1 subject with a previously documented prolactinoma. Progression of pituitary disease occurred in 47% of patients with prolactinoma. There were no cases of Cushing's disease, thyrotropinoma, or somatotropinoma. We conclude that 1) in addition to prolactinomas, nonfunctioning pituitary tumors are common in MEN 1; 2) alpha-subunit hypersecretion is frequent in MEN 1; 3) comprehensive screening may identify many clinically significant but asymptomatic pituitary lesions; and 4) prolactinomas occurring in MEN 1 may behave more aggressively than sporadic prolactinomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed2001

Production rates of dihydrotestosterone in healthy men and women and in men with male pattern baldness: determination by stable isotope/dilution and mass spectrometry.

Production rates of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined in healthy men (n = 8), in healthy women during the follicular phase of their menstrual cycle (n = 7), and in young men with male pattern baldness (n = 8) using the stable isotope dilution technique and mass spectrometry. [2,3,4-(13)C]DHT was infused for 10 h at doses of 15 microg/h (men) and 2 microg/h (women), and blood samples were obtained at 20-min intervals during the last 4 h of the observation period. Production rates estimated between April and June were 2.9 +/- 1.1 microg/h (women) and 17.8 +/- 6.2 microg/h (men). In men production rates of DHT were similar (16.2 +/- 7.7 microg/h) when the investigation was repeated between October and December. Mean production rates of DHT in young men with male pattern baldness (60 +/- 50 microg/h) were higher than those in healthy men (P < 0.005). Although this group included two individuals with normal production rates of DHT, the production rate of DHT was markedly elevated (range, 32.0-161.0 microg/h) in the remaining patients. Stable isotope-labeled infusions of DHT are suitable for clinical use in a routine setting to obtain analytically correct estimates of DHT production in vivo. In the majority of men with male pattern baldness endogenous production of DHT is markedly increased, providing a rationale for therapeutic 5 alpha-reductase inhibition in this disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

The changing prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among men who have sex with men who attended a sexually transmitted infections clinic in Edinburgh, Scotland between 1989 and 2003.

The aim of the study was to discover if the prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis B virus infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) who attended a sexually transmitted infections clinic in Edinburgh, Scotland had changed in a 15-year period. This was a retrospective study of 3334 MSM attending the clinic as new patients. Forty-four men (1%) had hepatitis B surface antigenaemia. Overall, sera from 398 (12%) men gave positive results for anti-HBc. The seroprevalence of HBV in men aged 25-34 years and older men declined significantly during the study period. There was no significant change in seropositivity for anti-HBc in men aged 16-24 years. The proportion of men who had been vaccinated previously rose significantly during the most recent three-year period. Although there has been a decline in the prevalence of infection in clinic attendees, there is continued transmission of HBV in the local community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Gay men who engage repeatedly in unprotected anal intercourse with casual partners: the Sydney Men and Sexual Health Study.

We set out to determine the frequency and correlates of gay men's repeated unprotected anal intercourse with casual partners (UAI-C), defined as UAI-C reported at each of 3 annual interviews. By May 1997, 659 men had completed 3 annual interviews for the Sydney Men and Sexual Health (SMASH) cohort study. For the 3 6-month periods prior to each interview, 127 men reported UAI-C during one period only; 45 reported it during 2 periods; and 20 men reported it during all 3 periods. These 20 men who had repeated UAI-C were compared with 497 men who had anal intercourse with casual partners but did not report on all 3 occasions that they had UAI-C. Logistic regression revealed that repeated UAI-C was associated with HIV-positive status, more casual partners, less favourable attitudes toward condoms and greater recreational drug use. Few gay men have repeated UAI-C but those who do run greater risk of HIV transmission.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

Trauma symptoms, sexual behaviors, and substance abuse: correlates of childhood sexual abuse and HIV risks among men who have sex with men.

Childhood sexual abuse is associated with high-risk sexual behavior in men who have sex with men. This study examined psychological and behavioral correlates of HIV risk behavior associated with childhood sexual abuse in a sample of men who have sex with men. Men attending a large gay pride event (N = 647) completed anonymous surveys that assessed demographic characteristics, childhood sexual abuse history, symptoms of dissociation and trauma-related anxiety, borderline personality characteristics, substance use, and sexual risk behavior. Results indicated that men who have a history of childhood sexual abuse were more likely to: engage in high-risk sexual behavior (i.e., unprotected receptive anal intercourse), trade sex for money or drugs, report being HIV positive, and experience non-sexual relationship violence. Results of this study extend previous research to show that men who have sex with men and who have a history of child sexual abuse are more likely to be at high risk for HIV infection.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

[Chinese men's attitudes to life events and sexuality: prevalence of erectile dysfunction and related health concerns among Chinese men in Asian MALES study].

OBJECTIVE: The aims of Asian Men's Attitudes to Life Events and Sexuality (Asian MALES)-China study were to identify the prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) and related health concerns in the general male population in China, and to examine the attitudes and behaviors of men in relation to these health issues. METHODS: A total of 2055 men aged 20-75 years were included in Phase-I MALES study using a standardized questionnaire, and another 225 recruited from the sub-sample of Phase-I MALES participants with reported ED and some ED patients from other sources were involved in Phase-II Asian MALES- China study, with the prevalence of ED and men's associated attitudes as the main measure. RESULTS: The overall rate of ED in the Asian MALES-China sample was 5.9%. The rate of self-reported ED rose with age increase. A higher rate of ED was reported in men with co-morbid medical conditions and risk factors, including cardiovascular disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and depression, and so were the rates of these co-morbid conditions in ED patients. Data from Phase-II Asian MALES-China indicated that among men with reported ED, only 17% would seek treatment. CONCLUSION: The rate of ED is high in Chinese men and it is associated with co-morbid conditions. For Chinese men, it is necessary to know more about ED and to seek safe and effective treatment of its symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Men and not-men: male gender-mixing statuses and homosexuality.

Male gender-mixing statuses, such as Native American berdaches, consist of men who assume the cultural, symbolic attributes of women to attain the status of not-men. Remaining distinct from women, not-men are a culturally defined gender status whose indexing features include women's dress and behavior, occupational inversion, and some cultural traits of men. Another indexing feature of not-men is the absence of sexual relations with other not-men, which forces them to seek not-status men or women as sexual partners. The frequent equation of gender-mixing statuses with homosexuality is a misunderstanding: Sex with men is a secondary and derivative characteristic.

Clothing↗
PubMed1995

Serum inhibin levels in normal men and men with idiopathic infertility.

In vitro studies have shown that the Sertoli cell is the primary source of inhibin in the male. To assess the regulation of inhibin production we measured serum inhibin, FSH, LH and testosterone in 21 normal men and 104 men with various testicular disorders resulting in infertility. The infertile men were subdivided into groups on the basis of their mean sperm count, FSH and LH levels. The mean serum concentrations of inhibin in the normal men were 602 +/- 29 U/L and were significantly decreased in those groups with severe oligozoospermia (p < 0.01) or azoospermia (p < 0.01; p < 0.001). The FSH concentrations correlated inversely with serum inhibin concentrations (p < 0.001) in azoospermic men. Azoospermic men with high FSH had significantly lower inhibin and testosterone levels when compared with normal men (p < 0.01; p < 0.001). Serum FSH concentrations were significantly increased in azoospermic men (p < 0.001). Our present results of serum concentrations of inhibin correlating inversely with those of FSH levels suggest that measurement of inhibin may be a useful circulating marker of Sertoli cell function.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Seminal plasma of spinal cord injured men inhibits sperm motility of normal men.

PURPOSE: Seminal plasma was investigated as a contributor to the poor sperm motility of spinal cord injured men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seminal plasma of spinal cord injured men was mixed with sperm of normal men and vice versa. Sperm motility was analyzed at 5 and 60 minutes after mixing. RESULTS: At 5 (but not 60) minutes seminal plasma from spinal cord injured men inhibited motility of sperm from normal men. Concomitantly, seminal plasma from normal men improved motility of sperm from spinal cord injured men. CONCLUSIONS: Seminal plasma of spinal cord injured men contributes to poor sperm motility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Asthma but not smoking-related airflow limitation is associated with a high fat diet in men: results from the population study "Men born in 1914", Malmö, Sweden.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between asthma and the intake of food with pro-oxidant or antioxidant activity (fat, alcohol, iron, zinc, and vitamins A and C), and to analyse whether any such association is specific to asthma or is found in airflow limitation in general. This study deals with 478 men, who were randomly selected from all the men born in Malmö in 1914. They were investigated using spirometry and their medical, occupational and dietary history was recorded in 1982-1983, at the age of 68 yrs, as part of the cohort study "Men born in 1914". Asthma was defined as a past or present physician's or nurse's diagnosis of asthma and airflow limitation was defined as a forced expiratory volume in one second/vital capacity ratio (FEV1/VC) of less than 70%. The relative risk of having asthma or airflow limitation as related to dietary intake at the age of 68 yrs was analysed after adjustments for smoking history and body mass index. Asthma was reported in 21 men and was not related to smoking history. Asthma was more common in men with a high fat intake (relative risk of asthma 1.74 for a 10% increase in fat intake, 95% confidence interval for the relative risk 1.13-2.68). The consumption of alcohol was higher for current smokers than ex-smokers and nonsmokers, and the intake of carbohydrates, vitamin C and iron was lower. Airflow limitation without asthma was present in 156 men and was related to smoking but not to dietary intake. Men with asthma had a significantly higher intake of fat than men without asthma. This difference appeared to be specific to asthma and was not found in airflow limitation in general.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Sperm from spinal cord injured men lose motility faster than sperm from normal men: the effect is exacerbated at body compared to room temperature.

PURPOSE: We investigated if sperm from spinal cord injured men lose motility and viability faster than sperm from normal men, and if there is an effect of temperature on these parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Identical aliquots of fresh antegrade semen from 10 spinal cord injured men and 9 normal controls were stored at room temperature (23C) or body temperature (37C). Sperm motility and viability were measured at 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after semen collection. RESULTS: Sperm motility, particularly rapid linear motility, decreased faster in specimens from spinal cord injured men compared to normal controls. This effect was exacerbated at 37C. Heat did not affect the degradation of sperm motility in specimens from normal men. The percent of dead sperm in specimens from spinal cord injured men was significantly greater than that in normal men at all time points. However, the rate of cell death was not faster than normal with time or heat. CONCLUSIONS: When using sperm from spinal cord injured men for purposes of insemination or experimentation the rapid loss of motility must be considered, particularly when stored at body temperature.

Cell Survival↗