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PubMed1986

Marrow aplasia during high dose mebendazole treatment.

A patient with chronic liver disease was treated with large doses of mebendazole for a hepatic hydatid cyst. Eighteen days after beginning treatment he developed marrow aplasia which reverted to normal after the drug was stopped. This is the marrow aplasia which reverted to normal after the drug was stopped. This is the sixth patient described as developing marrow aplasia when treated with large doses of mebendazole. We suggest that the aplasia is related to the dose of the drug, and that the patient's chronic liver disease was an important factor in its genesis. Patients treated with large doses of mebendazole should have their blood counts monitored during treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of mebendazole for the treatment of trichuriasis.

Trichuris trichiura was found to cause severe refractory clinical illness in 25 child patients admitted to a rural hospital in northeast Queensland over a six-month period. Mebendazole produced significant alleviation of symptoms. Symptomless carrier states in 70 patients admitted to hospital for other complaints were also studied. Thirty-five of these were treated with mebendazole with a notable reduction in worm loads (as measured by Stoll egg counts) when compared with the control group. The effects of three-day and four-day courses of mebendazole on symptomless carriers are compared.

Benzimidazoles↗
PubMed2002

Surgery and postoperative mebendazole in the treatment of hydatid disease.

OBJECTIVE: Surgery was virtually the only curative method for hydatid disease until the early 1970s when studies have shown the safety and effectiveness of benzomidazole compounds for the treatment of hydatid cysts. Our aim is to establish the outcome of chemotherapy in the postoperative period on secondary hydatid cyst. METHODS: Between 1987 to 1996 inclusive, all patients who were diagnosed with hepatic hydatid disease and who underwent surgery and received a post operative course of chemotherapy at Princess Basma Teaching Hospital, Irbid, North Jordan, were retrospectively reviewed with special referral to side effects of chemotherapy and recurrence rate of hydatid disease. RESULTS: There were 78 patients (41 females, 37 males). All age groups were involved with an age range of 8-70 years. The main clinical presentation was upper abdominal discomfort, heaviness and mild pain. Ultrasonography and indirect hemagglutination test diagnosed more than 90% of cases. All patients were operated upon and received a postoperative prophylactic course of mebendazole. We reported a recurrence rate of less than 3%. Excessive loss of hair as a side effect to mebendazole therapy occurred in 2 young female patients. CONCLUSION: The postoperative prophylactic course of mebendazole is reliable, safe and with minor side effects and the recurrence rate of the disease was reduced to the lowest possible levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Developing a discriminating dissolution test for three mebendazole polymorphs based on solubility differences.

Mebendazole, a broad spectrum anthelmintic drug, is practically insoluble in water and exists in three polymorphic forms, A, B, and C, of which C is pharmaceutically favoured. Since the dissolution of drugs from solid oral dosage forms can depend on the crystal form of the drug an attempt should be made while developing dissolution tests to set test parameters that are sensitive to changes in the crystal form. USP 24 describes 0.1 M hydrochloric acid containing 1.0% sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) as the dissolution medium for mebendazole tablets. Results showed that the high concentration of sodium lauryl sulphate in the USP dissolution medium does not allow the use of this test to distinguish between the solubility differences of the three mebendazole polymorphs. By decreasing the amount of sodium lauryl sulphate in the dissolution medium clear differences in the dissolution rates of the three forms were observed. The most discriminating medium was 0.1 M HCl, containing no sodium lauryl sulphate.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1992

[A comparison of 3 single-dose plans for mebendazole in the treatment of trichuriasis].

People infected by Trichuris trichiura were selected in a community by the Kato-Katz technique. The study included a universe of 376 persons, male and female, positive and asymptomatic, monoparasitic and multiparasitic. They were divided in treatment groups with not less than 50 people. Monoparasitic patients were treated with 500, 400 and 300 mg of mebendazole, and multiparasitic patients with 500 and 400 mg of mebendazole. In all the cases the drug was used in single doses and its administration was supervised by the physician. Therapeutical response in monoparasitic and multiparasitic patients is shown. It is suggested to use mebendazole single doses of 300 mg in monoparasitic and of 400 mg in multiparasitic patients with an intensiveness of less than 5,000 h/g, as an alternative for treating asymptomatic populations with T. trichiura.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Treatment of eosinophilic meningitis with a combination of prednisolone and mebendazole.

To study the efficacy of the combination of prednisolone and mebendazole for the treatment of eosinophilic meningitis, we conducted a pilot study among Thai patients with eosinophilic meningitis. Patients were given a two-week course of prednisolone, 60 mg/day, and mebendazole, 10 mg/kg/day. The primary observation parameter was the number of patients who still had headaches after the two-week course of treatment. Forty-one patients were enrolled in the study. Four (10%) patients still had headaches after the two-week course of treatment and the median length of time until complete disappearance of headaches was three days. Serious side effects were not detected. Treatment for two weeks with the combination regimen of prednisolone and mebendazole is safe and beneficial in relieving headaches in patients with eosinophilic meningitis.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1991

Efficacy of methyl 5(6)-(alpha-hydroxyphenylmethyl) benzimidazole-2-carbamate, a metabolite of mebendazole, against developing forms of experimental helminth parasites.

Methyl 5(6)-(alpha-hydroxyphenylmethyl) benzimidazole-2- carbamate, a metabolite of mebendazole, was evaluated against metamorphic forms of Ancylostoma ceylanicum in hamsters, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in rats and cysticercoids of Hymenolepis nana in grain beetles. The test compound offered better action than mebendazole except against H. nana cysticercoids where the activity of the compound and mebendazole was comparable, but was inferior to the standard cestodicidal drug, praziquantel. The results suggest that the action was better by ip route compared to per os route of drug administration.

Ancylostoma↗
PubMed1991

[Combined chemotherapy (mebendazole plus praziquantel) in patients with hydatidosis].

In February 1989 we began a combined treatment with mebendazole (3 g/day for 30 days) and praziquantel (1.8 g/day for 15 days) with variable rest periods, in a patients with hydatid disease who had been previously unsuccessful treated only with mebendazole. All the patients were monitored with serological techniques and radiography. Generally the treatment was without side-effects. According to radiography results, there was a reduction in the size of the cyst in 5 patients, in 2 there was no change and 1 patient, the cyst continued to increase in size. Results suggest that the combination of mebendazole more praziquantel could be a pharmacological alternative in the medical treatment of hydatid disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The chemotherapy of onchocerciasis. XIV. Studies with mebendazole citrate.

Twenty patients from an area of vector control in the savannah region of northern Ghana with moderate to heavy infection with Onchocerca volvulus were randomised to receive two priming doses of levamisole 150 mg on two occasions followed either by mebendazole-citrate (500 mg) given daily or twice daily for 14 days. The two dose levels produced a similar effect on skin microfilariae (80-88% reduction) with a very mild systemic clinical reaction: low levels were maintained over 42 weeks. Both regimes were embryotoxic for O. volvulus; an effect which was transient in the single dose group but persisted for more than three months in the twice daily dose group. Mebendazole-citrate appeared to be absorbed more predictably than has been observed previously for mebendazole. The degree of systemic exposure as determined by measurement of AUC (0-24 h) was 2.5 times greater for the twice daily dose as compared to the single dose and this fact was reflected in the efficacy of the two dose regimes against the adult female worms at three months.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the comparative efficacy of mebendazole, flubendazole and niclosamide against human tapeworm infections.

The efficacy of Mebendazole and Niclosamide was studied in two groups of 24 and 38 cases, respectively of patients suffering from taeniasis. Mebendazole with dose schedule of 200 and 300 mg twice daily for 3 consecutive days showed a cure rate of 71.42% and 92.30%, whereas Niclosamide at the dose rate of 200mg per patient was 94.76% effective. Flubendazole showed a cure rate of 66.66% only. Mebendazole and Niclosamide possess high taeniacidal activity, ability to reduce the clinical symptoms of taeniasis without any side effects. Niclosamide with high activity and excellent tolerance, is a drug of choice for the treatment of taeniasis in single dose treatment while for hymenolepsiasis it needs extended course.

Antinematodal Agents↗
PubMed1990

Field trials of the anthelmintic efficacy of nitroscanate and mebendazole in dogs.

The efficacies of nitroscanate and mebendazole against nematodes and Dipylidium caninum were compared by the examination of the faeces of 155 dogs. In unweaned puppies nitroscanate acted significantly faster and was significantly more effective than mebendazole against Toxocara canis. In adult dogs, both drugs had a low efficacy against Trichuris vulpis but a similarly good efficacy against other nematodes, with a tendency for nitroscanate to be more effective in reducing the prevalence of Ancylostoma caninum. Nitroscanate reduced the prevalence of D caninum infections considerably more than mebendazole.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Medical therapy with mebendazole in hydatid cyst disease. A follow-up of 40 cases].

Mebendazole (50-60 mg/kg/day in 7-8 divided doses after fatty rich meals for at least 6 months) was given to 44 patients with cystic hydatid disease of the liver and other organs, about 1/3 having suffered from recurrences, even multiple, before beginning the pharmacological treatment. Fifteen patients underwent operation after a course of mebendazole, and macroscopic and histological degeneration of hydatid cysts was always documented; sixteen subjects were not operated due to their severe general and/or local conditions but ultrasound, radiologic (CT) and clinical evidence of cyst regression was obtained, and was closely comparable to that in the aforementioned group. Some of the patients (13) began the treatment only after conservative surgery. The mean real follow-up available at the moment is for 40 subjects because 2 patients did not show adequate compliance for the drug and in 2 additional cases it was withdrawn because of an increase in serum transaminases. The rate of recurrence was 7.5% and occurred in high-risk patients (multiple, bone, lung locations) who had, however, an additional and longer course of mebendazole with good results. The detachment of membranes and the increase of internal echoes, observed by means of ultrasonography, which was successfully applied to liver and soft tissue sites as well as the decrease in blood eosinophils when elevated before therapy, were observed to be the most sensitive indicators of early success in the medical treatment for hydatid disease, as far as the viability of parasite cysts was concerned.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical trial of the possibility of increasing the bioavailability of mebendazole using sunflower oil in echinococcosis].

Increasing mebendazole bioavailability is one of the most important problems to be solved in echinococcosis chemotherapy. The method of mebendazole administration with sunflower oil, elaborated by the authors, serves to this purpose: drug concentration exceeding the minimal effective one was attained in 86% patients treated with mebendazole and sunflower oil and only in 40% patients treated with the drug alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Single dose therapy of ascariasis--a randomized comparison of mebendazole and pyrantel.

A multicentre, randomized trial was carried out to compare the efficacy of two single-dose treatments for ascariasis: mebendazole 200 mg, and pyrantel 10 mg/kg. Each centre enrolled 200 patients with a suspected diagnosis of ascariasis, 100 for each treatment, and the treatments were randomized for each centre. To confirm the diagnosis, stools were examined for eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides by Kato's thick smear method. Efficacy was evaluated by stool examination repeated three weeks after treatment by a "blind" technician using two methods, viz. Kato's thick smear method and the zinc sulfate flotation method. Cure was defined as absence of ascaris eggs in the stools by both methods. Of the 600 enrolled patients, 32 were excluded from analysis as their initial stool examination was negative, and 568 completed the trial: 284 on each treatment. The cure rate was 80 per cent in the mebendazole group and 90 per cent in the pyrantel group (P less than 0.01). Thus pyrantel was found to be significantly more efficacious than mebendazole for single-dose treatment of ascariasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Mebendazole-medicated-salt in the control of hookworm infection].

From 1984-1987, mass application of mebendazole-medicated salt was studied for the control of hookworm infection in 5 pilot areas (Wuming, Shanlin, Bobai, Guilin and Rongxian Counties) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The dosages of mebendazole (mixed with salt) administered were 15mg, 25mg, 30mg, 40mg, 50mg, 30mg, 70mg, 80mg, 100mg or 200mg per person per day for 15, 20 or 30 days. The results showed that 40mg/day for 15-20 days could result in stool egg negative conversion rates of 92.3 to 94.4%, while 50mg/day for 30 days resulted in 96.9 to 100%. Concurrently, the hookworm infection rate in pilot areas dropped by 57.9-71.7% in a short time; whereas the stool egg negative conversion rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was as high as 99.1% to 100% at the same dosage, when the dosage of 100mg/day for 30 days was given, the egg negative reversion rate for Trichuris trichiura was 97.6%. Promising result was also recorded concerning the tolerance of the medicated salt, as the side effects in the inhabitants were mild. In conclusion, the authors considered that the application of mebendazole-medicated salt was a simple and effective measure in controlling hookworm infection, especially in the light of solving the problem of incomplete mass detection and selected mass treatment. Furthermore, it is much more economic from the cost-effect point of view.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Hepatotoxicity of mebendazole. Relationship with serum concentrations of the drug.

We report the case of a 47-year-old female patient, suffering from multiple hydatid cysts of the liver, in whom hepatitis developed after mebendazole treatment. Clinical manifestations of hypersensitivity were absent. A correlation was found between serum mebendazole concentrations and the degree of cytolysis; this is compatible with a direct hepatotoxic effect of mebendazole.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1986

Radiological changes under effect of mebendazole on univesicular hydatid cysts in the liver and lung.

Mebendazole was given to a patient who had developed four univesicular hydatid cysts in 16 months following initial infection (two in the liver and two in the lungs). The size of the cysts varied from five to ten centimeters in diameter. The therapeutic effect of the drug was assessed by ultrasound, computed tomography and chest x-ray examination. A completely split wall was only observed in the smallest hepatic cyst after a three-month period with a dose of 2.4 g per day (50 mg/kg/day). Peak serum level of mebendazole was 45.2 ng/ml. Thereafter, the intake was increased to 4.5 g per day (86.5 mg/kg/day) during one year. Peak drug serum level was 67.7 ng/ml. Dramatic radiological changes were subsequently noted in the other cysts. These radiological changes precisely mimicked those changes observed during the natural course of healthy cysts when they become complicated by ageing. We have found that ultrasound and chest x-ray proved to be the best method for assessing the therapeutic efficacy of medical treatment for univesicular cysts in the liver and lung. The asynchronous evolution observed in these lesions under such different drug schedules seems to depend on the size and location of the cyst, and on serum mebendazole levels as well as length of treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Levamisole and mebendazole in the treatment of bancroftian infection.

Levamisole and mebendazole, broad spectrum anthelminthic compounds were tested against microfilaria of Wuchereria bancrofti, and the results were compared with similarly treated diethylcarbamazine and untreated group. Levamisole at a dosage of 3 mg/kg daily for 8 days showed marked reduction in both microfilaria rate and microfilaria density and immediately thereafter mf-rate steadily increased almost up to pre-treatment level, the mf-density however showed only marginal increase. Mebendazole at dosage of 6 mg/kg daily for 10 days following 8 days treatment of levamisole also showed marginal increase of mf-rate but no increase of mf-density. Treatment with DEC at a dosage of 6 mg/kg daily for 12 days showed comparatively better results both in respect of reduction in mf-rate and mf-density. The reactions - severity and duration were more among levamisole treated groups as compared to DEC treated group. Thus with the dosages tried, DEC could be considered as a better drug than levamisole and mebendazole. Both the latter compounds had no or very limited effect on the adult worms of W. bancrofti.

Benzimidazoles↗