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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources

Academic support for rural practice: the role of area health education centers in the school of medicine.

An area health education center (AHEC) program offers a school of medicine a special way to improve the environment for professional practice in rural areas. An AHEC is a regional center for education and training that houses faculty and staff who teach students and residents while providing continuing education, consultation, and technical assistance for rural practices. With the support of outreach library services and visits by university-based faculty, AHECs help improve a rural community's ability to recruit, retain, and keep up-to-date primary care physicians and other health manpower.

Allied Health Personnel↗

Centralized automated cataloging of health science materials in the MLC/SUNY/OCLC shared cataloging service.

Since February 1976, The Medical Library Center of New York, with the assistance of the SUNY/OCLC Network, has offered, on a subscription basis, a centralized automated cataloging service to health science libraries in the greater metropolitan New York area. By using workforms and prints of OCLC record (amended by the subscribing participants), technical services personnel at the center have fed cataloging data, via a CRT terminal, into the OCLC system, which provides (1) catalog cards, received in computer filing order; (2) book card, spine, and pocket labels; (3) accessions lists; and (4) data for eventual production of book catalogs and union catalogs. The experience of the center in the development, implementation, operation, and budgeting of its shared cataloging service is discussed.

Book Classification↗

Detection and elimination of duplicates from multidatabase searches.

A major problem in the review and synthesis of citations resulting from multidatabase searching is overlap in coverage among the databases. The ability to identify and eliminate duplicate references from a multidatabase search provides an important service and significant time savings for the end user. The Upjohn Company's Corporate Technical Library has developed software to detect and eliminate duplicates from literature searches captured in electronic format. Methods for the identification of duplicates and the merging and sorting of unique citations are discussed, together with the library's procedures for electronic data capture.

Information Services↗

HELPING THE SMALLER LIBRARY.

On invitation, we approach, as consultants, the problem of helping a smaller library. Once we are certain we are qualified for the assignment, we arrange to visit the library and see its problems of personnel, space, and book collection. Talking with personnel operating the library may indicate appropriate courses of action. We recommend library procedures and systems commensurate with the present needs and future growth of a given institution or organization. We appreciate the quantity and quality of services rendered by small libraries. We learn who the readers are and what material is available locally before making recommendations concerning budgets or purchases. Our suggestions on technical matters include either work samples or references. We do not confuse library personnel with great detail. We tell them about local and nearby resources, services of the National Library of Medicine, and the Medical Library Association. We make them feel free to request further information as needed.

Book Collecting↗

Universal service--FCC. Final rule.

In this Order, we adopt a filing window period that begins on the date that the Schools and Libraries Corporation and the Health Care Corporation begin to receive applications for support. We also conclude that the administrative corporations will determine the length of the window and resolve other administrative issues necessary to implement our decision to adopt a window filing period consistent with our guidance set forth below. Therefore, we amend our rules to implement this change. In addition, we delegate authority to the Chief, Common Carrier Bureau to resolve unanticipated technical and operational issues relating to the new universal service mechanisms that may arise in the future.

Government Agencies↗

The United States National Library of Medicine's international relationships.

The US National Library of Medicine (NLM) is a Federal institution which serves as a national resource with international impact. The global biomedical literature and that selected for Index Medicus is characterized by numbers of journals, country of origin, and language of publication. NLM's domestic responsibilities and international programmes are described. NLM's international relationships consist of MEDLARS co-operation, exchange programmes, services, a special foreign currency programme, technical consultation, co-operation with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and some special programmes vis-á-vis formal governmental bilateral agreements. A regional approach to the provision of medical library and health-information services is illustrated by the PAHO Regional Library of Medicine. The principles for the availability of MEDLARS internationally and the nature of the quid pro quo arrangements are presented.

Humans↗

Addressing the issue of cataloging and making chiropractic literature accessible: Part I: Defining the problem.

Health science journals are a principle source of new knowledge for chiropractors, chiropractic faculty and students. Regrettably, clinically or educationally relevant articles (appearing in the nearly 20,000 journals annually) are often overlooked due to access difficulties. Innovations are needed to assist the reader to select articles relevant to chiropractic and reduce the time spent sorting through the volumes of literature. A review of the literature shows there is a trend toward database management for cataloging and accessibility of other, nonchiropractic, literature. Most notable of these is an endeavor by National Technical Information Service, commonly referred to as MEDLARS (Medline). It is interesting to note that a computer-assisted library database program does not exist on any chiropractic campus. This is in contrast with the trend on campuses of other health care fields. Manual search strategies within the chiropractic literature are time consuming, subject to a high failure rate, and even if the search produces citations, there is no assurance the journal can be accessed unless a chiropractic campus is nearby. Furthermore, difficulties exist when a chiropractic literature search is attempted in any computerized database, e.g., MEDLARS (Medline). Journals/articles that are unique to chiropractic (national, international or on the state level) are not specifically included in these computerized databases. Aside from these difficulties, there exists the problem of finding those articles that contain valid and relevant information from among those that are less valid or informative.

Cataloging↗

The NLM current catalog.

When the National Library of Medicine acquired a computer to augment its publication program, the intent was to present in one medium an index to journal articles and a catalog of books and new serial titles. The computer programs designed for indexing were unsatisfactory for cataloging, however; so two publications were issued, the Index Medicus and the NLM Current Catalog. The Current Catalog features separate name and subject sections, added volumes, and technical reports. The Express Cataloging Service was one of the first attempts to increase the speed and coverage of the Catalog. Shared cataloging with the Library of Congress, the Countway Library at Harvard, and the Upstate Medical Library in Syracuse, New York, have also contributed to the efforts toward improving this library service. An additional shared cataloging program, this time with the National Medical Audiovisual Center, is expected to be implemented shortly.

Catalogs, Library↗

The Regional Medical Library Grant Program of the National Library of Medicine.

Recognizing the utility of a regional medical library system in improving the availability of existing and future medical library resources in the country, the Congress included provisions for the support of such a system in the Medical Library Assistance Act. Grants will be made to major medical libraries which have the potential to provide supportive services to other libraries within a geographic area encompassing a major fraction of the nation's health professional manpower. Approximately ten of these regional libraries will receive these grants. Support for the system and consequently the extension of the services of the system will of necessity by implemented in a stepwise fashion. The central function of a regional medical library is to provide back-stopping interlibrary loan service and also to provide access to MEDLARS services for the region. Additional services for the region will include traditional reference service, training, surveillance of regional needs, announcement services, support for programs of continuing education for the health professions, and certain central technical processing for the region.

Financing, Government↗

The clouded crystal ball and the library profession.

Growing awareness of the transition from an industrial age to a communication- and knowledge-based economy appears reflected in some changing directions in libraries. Major trends include (1) a change in management practices, (2) a realignment of operational goals away from technical processing activities to client-oriented outreach services, and (3) the identification of educational functions as a primary professional role. The twin concepts of knowledge utilization and information brokering are beginning to have an impact on the definition of the librarian's role.

Computer-Assisted Instruction↗

[Practical possibilities in the participation of libraries and information centers in undergraduate medical education].

With the aim of helping to improve the results of pedagogical work, the author presents an analysis of preconditions (professional, psychological, personal, technical, operational, and financial) of practical acquisition of information techniques and procedures by teachers, students and information workers, based on his experience and research in 1967-1988. The significance of a substantial improvement in the information knowledge of gifted students who participate pregradually in research programmes is accentuated, as well as the need of a close cooperation of information workers with university teachers in the sphere of research. The delivery of new sources that are essential for pedagogical work direct onto the desks of the teachers is pointed out as an irreplaceable function of libraries and information centres, the same as technical assistance in their publication activities. It is suggested that the demands on the provision of the pregradual training with library services and information supply should correspond to those of the research.

Czechoslovakia↗

The World Health Organization Library (Geneva) and Health Literature Services Programme.

The origins and functions of the World Health Organization (WHO) Library and the global, regional, and national objectives of the WHO Health Literature Services Program (HLSP) are reviewed. WHO is an aggregate of nations and not a supra-national body. With limited resources and unlimited needs, HLSP is involved in surveys, training, regional medical libraries, national and regional networks, bibliographic services and document delivery, promotion, coordination, and communication. The basic concept of HLSP eschews internationally-conceived, self-contained technical projects in favor of broad programs based on national planning. Small rural centers receive more attention than large urban hospitals, and preventive medicine together with health education and community involvement are of more immediate concern than curative medicine. National self-reliance implies national initiative but not necessarily national self-sufficiency. Recent planning and implementation of HLSP activities are described.

Information Systems↗

Library staff development course.

The Moody Medical Library at the University of Texas Medical Branch plans, presents, and evaluates regularly a staff development program for its employees, including librarians and clerical and technical staff. The program's purpose is to provide continuing education for the library staff while concurrently: (1) providing information concerning specific library services and programs; (2) illustrating the interrelationship of the departments and divisions within the library; (3) developing a sense of teamwork and loyalty; and (4) developing job pride. Staff member volunteers teach the various courses. An integral part of the program is an evaluation of the efficacy of its various components using a form developed specifically for this purpose. Participants give the majority of courses an effectiveness rating of 90% or above.

Libraries, Medical↗

The on-line user network: organization and working procedures.

The National Library of Medicine's on-line user community has grown from a small group of 25 institutions in October 1971 to more than 900 in January 1978. Management of the MEDLINE User Network, co-ordination of on-line data-bases, and provision of user support services are an important function of the MEDLARS Management Section (MMS). MMS is the point of contact for on-line users; a service desk is maintained to provide immediate assistance; and technical materials describing the various data-bases are prepared including the monthly NLM Technical Bulletin and the On-Line Services Reference Manual. Other management and support activities include the preparation of statistical reports; handling of on-line centre applications received from the Regional Medical Libraries; co-ordination of codes and passwords for users; and the distribution of off-line prints, off-searches, and tape copies of the data-bases. A monthly current awareness service is also provided. The working procedures for these support activities are described.

Fees and Charges↗

Beyond the library walls: use of slow-scan television.

The Telecommunications Information Network (TIN) was an applied research project that evaluated the ability of slow-scan television to provide medical information on demand to health-care professionals at hospitals far from any urban area. This paper reviews the TIN project, describes its use, and discusses system advantages and disadvantages. System evaluation encompasses (1) project benefits; (2) technical barriers to implementation and utilization; (3) the replication of services and the technology utilized; and (4) cost factors.

Costs and Cost Analysis↗