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PubMed1986

The process of incest: biologic father and stepfather families.

This article compares incest between biologic fathers and their daughters and stepfathers and their stepdaughters. The term "incest" is applied to each of these types of families. The sample for the study was located in a mental health treatment facility designed to work specifically with incestuous families and includes 102 cases (56 stepfather families; 46 biologic father families). The data were obtained by interviews with the four primary program therapists. Differences in sexual behavior between the two groups indicated that biologic fathers more frequently engaged in full intercourse, more frequently involved multiple daughters and more frequently began the sexual activity when their daughters were adolescents than did stepfathers. Possible explanations of the differences are explored.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Mother-son incest: confronting a prejudice.

This paper examines the proposition that the incidence of child sexual abuse by female perpetrators is underestimated. This may be due to a culturally based unwillingness to believe that women commit such acts. Female sexual offenders have been little studied and poorly understood. Until recently mother-child incest was considered to be virtually nonexistant and there remains a huge discrepancy in the incidence of male and female offenders. The predisposing factors contributing to this situation are examined for both men and women and an illustrative case history of mother-son incest is used to highlight our prejudices. The tentative conclusions reached are that (1) we underestimate the incidence of sexual abuse of male and female children by women and that (2) the changing roles of men and women in Western societies may lead to an increase in such abuse.

Female↗
PubMed1995

Adolescent sibling-incest offenders: differences in family and individual functioning when compared to adolescent nonsibling sex offenders.

Adolescent male sex offenders who assaulted younger siblings (n = 32) were compared to those who offended against nonsibling children (n = 28). Data were based on responses to the Assessing Environments (III) Scale, Family-of-Origin Scale, Youth Self-Report, Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory, Tennessee Self-Concept Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Unlike many earlier studies of adolescent sex offenders, sexual offending/victimization histories were based on information collected from regular meetings rather than intake files or initial interviews; offenders' age, socioeconomic status (SES), and social desirability were examined to avoid potential confounds of these variables; victim age and gender were analyzed to ensure that comparisons between sibling and nonsibling offenders were not confounded by victim age or gender; and internal consistencies of the variables were verified with a larger clinical sample (n = 209). Adolescent sibling-incest offenders reported significantly more marital discord, parental rejection, physical discipline, negative family atmosphere, and general dissatisfaction with family relationships. Offenders against siblings were also more often victims of childhood sexual abuse and were more likely to have a younger child in their families. Results are discussed with respect to the etiology and treatment of adolescent sibling-incest offenders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The experience of childbirth for survivors of incest.

The purpose of this research was to discover what experiences, including feelings, women who are survivors of incest have during childbirth. The recognition that the childbirth experience may trigger memories of incest that will then alter the course of childbirth was the framework for the study. This exploratory research was undertaken using a phenomenological approach. The six participants were obtained through networking and issues surrounding confidentiality and consent were of a high priority. The data consists of transcripts of taped, one to two hour, in-depth interviews. During interviews each woman recalled her experiences and feelings during and surrounding childbirth. Qualitative analysis was undertaken, the findings indicating that memories of previous abuse may be provoked by childbirth but that it is a very individualised response. The effect of these memories on the childbirth experience is also variable but does occur. Privacy, control and touch are important aspects of these women's childbirth experiences. The results and interpretation of findings presented in this report centre around the labour and delivery experiences of the women. The variety of women's needs demonstrated in this project emphasise the importance of individualised care by midwives and doctors involved in the care of childbearing women.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Empowerment support with adult female survivors of childhood incest: Part I--Theories and research.

This report is concerned with the concept of empowerment support as a nursing intervention that facilitates the development of mastery, competence, self-worth, and control in the adult female survivor of childhood incest. Empowerment support has been derived from Orem's theory of nursing system. In that theory, empowerment support is encompassed in particular "methods of helping." Theories and research that relate to incest trauma and empowerment support are discussed from an interdisciplinary perspective.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Patterns of coping and characteristics of high-functioning incest survivors.

An exploratory study using a phenomenological approach was designed to examine methods of coping and adaptation that may facilitate a healthy adjustment after sexual abuse. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of 15 high-functioning adult female incest survivors. The results identify the capacity of sexually abused children to use avoidance strategies and use psychological escape mechanisms to cope with the abuse; and helped explicate the adult process of separation, self-discovery, and revisiting the past trauma. The victim's cognitive appraisals and responses emerged as important variables in managing the trauma of sexual abuse. The capacity to protect the integrity of the self appeared central to the adult developmental process of integrating the incest experience.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1994

Falling apart: a process integral to the remodeling of male incest offenders.

This article describes the falling apart component of a theoretical framework for incest offenders, the remodeling process. Methodology included 20 audiotaped interviews, 65 direct observations during group therapy, and record analysis of a theoretical sampling of adult male incest offenders currently in, graduates of, and dropouts from a community sexual abuse treatment program. Constant comparative analysis was used to collect and analyze data concurrently. Falling apart, a dynamic multifaceted process, occurs first when offenders are discovered, can be life-threatening, and few resources are presently available. Dimensions, properties, strategies, and contexts are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1999

Sibling incest: a Hong Kong experience.

OBJECTIVE: The one case study intends to gain a preliminary understanding of the long term impact of older brother-younger sister incest in Hong Kong RESULTS: The adult survivor's experience did cohere with Western studies to date on age of onset, symptomatology, and feelings such as shame and guilt. The symptoms and negative feelings might also be the results of inaccessible parents and negative parental response at disclosure. Specific contextual factors such as patriarchal power structure, strong moral codes, and secrecy of family shame in Chinese culture may have contributed to the victim's inability to protect herself from her older brother's sexual advances. CONCLUSION: This case study calls for a multi-dimensional, and interactive rather than a unidimensional and unidirectional view to explore into the individual, familial, and contextual factors that may contribute to sibling incest and a delay in disclosure. The brief analysis is also a plea for systematic research in the Hong Kong context and comparative studies that take into account cultural specificity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Play therapy and art therapy for substance abuse clients who have a history of incest victimization.

This article discusses the use of play therapy and art therapy treatment techniques for persons in substance abuse treatment who have a history of incest victimization. While substance abuse treatment focuses on substance abuse, neglecting to address issues related to past incest contact may increase the potential for relapse. This population displays unique characteristics that may prevent them from participating in, or benefitting from, traditional treatment modalities (which are highly dependent upon the verbal interactions between clients and therapists). Play therapy and art therapy are discussed in terms of history, rationale, and benefits to clients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Psychiatric nurses' attitudes toward sexuality, sexual assault/rape, and incest.

This descriptive, exploratory study examined psychiatric nurses' attitudes towards sexuality, sexual assault/rape, and incest, and explored the relationships between these attitudes and the personal characteristics of the nurse. Contrary to previous research on nurses in nonpsychiatric settings, the nurses in this Canadian study had favorable attitudes towards sexuality and did not subscribe to attitudes of victim blaming in sexual assault/rape and incest. The strongest predictor of attitudes was age of the nurse (p < .02); cultural/ethnic background may also be associated with attitudes (p < .02). The results indicate a need to develop more precise measures of attitude for psychiatric nurses.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Incest prevention: the role of the pediatric nurse practitioner.

Primary prevention, not treatment, is generally considered the best approach to health concerns. The problem of incest is no exception. Nevertheless, until recently the difficulties inherent in trying to prevent this condition seemed insurmountable. This article provides concepts from theoretic discussions, clinical applications, and empiric research that can be used by pediatric health care providers in the primary prevention of intrafamilial sexual abuse, particularly father-daughter incest.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Paternal caregiving and incest: test of a biosocial model.

The existence of a biosocial mechanism for inhibiting incest through early caretaking contact was explored in a comparison between incestuous fathers and a nonincestuous control sample. Low involvement in caretaking was found to be a risk factor for incest, even after controlling for other predisposing conditions. However, it appeared that caretaking has its effect by enhancing more general parental feelings and capacities, rather than by inhibiting a father's sexual interest in the daughter, as proposed in the original biosocial theory.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

An additional facet of the incest taboo: a protection of the mating-strategy template.

It is suggested that sexual intercourse between adult males and girls tends to distort an inherent mating-strategy template: female choice of mating partner. The distortion seems to have long-range consequences in the form of myriad psychopathologies, which, in turn, reduce the afflicted individuals' chances for normative marriage and parenting profiles. In addition, a similar dynamic would hypothetically result from adult-male to boy incest. It is suggested that to minimize the chances of adult-child sexual intercourse, incest taboos have historically been reinforced and extended to nonparental adults, especially men, beyond the immediate nuclear family.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Rorschach characteristics of mothers of incest victims.

Investigated the Rorschach characteristics of 28 mothers of incest victims, using the Rorschach Comprehensive System. Their characteristics were compared to those from a control group of 28 women, matched with the target group for socioeconomic status (SES), age, education, marital status, and the presence of children. Chi-square, analysis of variance, and a stepwise linear discriminant function analysis were used to evaluate Rorschach differences between the control and target groups. Major findings indicate that mothers of incest victims demonstrated significantly greater weaknesses in reality testing, more frequent signs of depression, and greater interpersonal guardedness than control group mothers. Discriminant function analysis, based on scores from the schizophrenia index (SCZI), conventional form (chi + %), and texture responses (t), yielded an overall accurate classification rate of 87.5% for placement of women into the target and control group categories.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

The development and testing of a diagnostic scale for incest survivors.

A scale (Diagnostic Scale for Incest Survivors: DSIS) was developed for adult women who experienced incest during childhood. Items were obtained from research on post-traumatic stress, personality disorders, standard psychiatric categories, and clinical observations. The scale was administered to a sample of Australian women and was found to possess satisfactory reliability and validity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Incidence and types of sexual dysfunctions in rape and incest victims.

Many authors have commented on the impact of sexual assault on the sexual lives of the victims. Eighty-three victims were interviewed with regard to their sexual histories, and completed the Sexual Arousal Inventory, to determine the incidence and types of sexual dysfunctions in rape and incest victims: 56% of these victims experienced sexual dysfunctions postassault; 71% of these subjects reported that the sexual assault precipitated the dysfunction. Fear of sex, arousal or desire dysfunctions were the most common sexual problems presented within this victim sample. The Sexual Arousal Inventory was not successful in discriminating dysfunctional and nondysfunctional rape and incest victims.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Reclaiming sexuality in female incest survivors.

This paper presents a comparison of female incest survivor sex therapy patients and other sex therapy patients. The focus is on family-of-origin dynamics and processes of teaching about sexuality, self-image and resulting interpersonal issues. The study also discusses nonincest survivor and incest survivor sex therapy clients with low sexual desire, their evaluation and treatment.

Body Image↗
PubMed1993

Fantasy and reality: an essay on incest.

The question of fantasy and reality in incest cases has been and continues to be a complex and much debated issue. From an historical perspective this issue was at its peak following Freud's introduction of the seduction theory. The renunciation of his theory and the silence that ensued for decades placed this debate on hold. Now that incest is again being acknowledged, clinicians are once again confronted with the issue of reality versus fantasy. This paper will demonstrate different ways the relationship between fantasy and reality in incestuous experiences may be expressed. The need to reexamine our positions and to bring the interplay of fantasy and reality back to the forefront will be addressed.

Adult↗