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PubMed2003

Status of prior learning assessment in dietetic internship programs.

The purpose of this exploratory study was to further our knowledge of how the concept of prior learning assessment is being operationalized within dietetic internship programs. We reasoned that such knowledge would allow us to determine if the profession is capitalizing on associated benefits. A six-item, multi-part, self-administered survey was faxed to all internship directors (n=42). Results indicate that although programs are aware of prior learning assessment, its application is not consistent. Barriers include procedural, implementation, and philosophical issues. The study results provide information for educators and policy-makers to understand better the factors that influence prior learning assessment implementation and usage. Information related to current usage and perceived barriers can assist in the development of a professional prior learning assessment philosophy, which can guide decision-making, development, implementation, and evaluation of new and existing prior learning assessment initiatives.

Canada↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a critical care nursing internship program.

Many hospitals have developed internship programs to assist in the movement of new graduates into the critical care unit. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an existing critical care nurse internship program. Five research questions were developed to guide the evaluation process. Results suggest that the goals of the program were met. Specific weaknesses in preparation of preceptors and knowledge base of interns were identified. High burnout scores were also identified, suggesting that new graduates may find the experience of working in critical care very stressful. Implications for revisions of the existing program and for others involved in similar programs are discussed.

Critical Care↗

PubMed2006

Advanced practice internship: experiential learning in a drug use and disease state management program.

OBJECTIVE: Establish a 3-year hospital internship within a drug use and disease state management program that would provide doctor of pharmacy students with experiential learning while still completing their classroom studies. DESIGN: As paid interns, students engaged in group and individual activities that assessed clinical practice guidelines. Patient monitoring and clinical intervention techniques were learned through prospective evaluation of drug therapy. Students designed evidence-based treatment guidelines and participated in all phases of development, including multidisciplinary approval, implementation, and evaluation stages. ASSESSMENT: Student competency was continually monitored through direct observation by a preceptor and written examinations. Patient case studies, group discussions, and poster presentations allowed assessment of student growth in knowledge and communication skills. CONCLUSION: The comprehensive structure of this internship provides a broad perspective for understanding the role of the hospital pharmacist in providing pharmaceutical care. Close supervision maximizes student learning potential and fosters a mentoring relationship for both personal and professional growth.

Accreditation↗

PubMed1985

Dietetic internship programs in Canada: a comparison between 1935 and 1985.

Dietetic internships for most Canadian university graduates in 1935 were only available in the United States. The first priority of the student training committee established by CDA in 1936 was to integrate the isolated attempts at student training in Canada and standardize the training programs. Fifteen hospitals were tentatively approved by the committee and a standard course outline developed. Internship program development in 1985 continues to emphasize the establishment of national standards and the administration and accreditation of dietetic programs. Many changes have occurred in dietetic training programs between 1935 and 1985 to meet the increasing demands on our profession. The founding members of our Association recognized the need to establish and maintain quality dietetic practice in 1935. Their foresight, determination, and search for excellence in those early years ensured the future of the dietetic profession in Canada.

Canada↗

PubMed1999

[Experience in the training of surgeons in an internship of the medical staff of the North Caucasus Military District].

Beginning in 1971 the 72nd internship has trained more than 200 surgeons for the medical service of the military district. A very important task for the internship administration has been "screening" of personnel with a view that there should not be "casual" people among military surgeons. Upon completion of the 5-month courses, certified graduates can enter the Academy of Military Medicine.

Curriculum↗

PubMed2001

[Practical clinical skills in medical education 2--internship. A Delphi survey].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the present study was to use the Delphi technique to identify standards of quality for the curriculum of basic clinical skills in the pre-registration internship. METHOD: The Delphi method was used with a selected panel of 52 experts to set a level of competence for 213 practical clinical skills in a series of three questionnaires. RESULTS: For the pre-registration internship, the panel reached a 75% level of consensus for 80% of the basic clinical skills. A total of 47 basic clinical skills were identified (97% level of consensus) as core skills that should be mastered by the time of registration. DISCUSSION: The study suggests that further investigations should be performed to identify a core curriculum of basic clinical skills common to all pre-registration internists. In addition, a curriculum of electives should be based on the special characteristics of each training department.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMed2002

[Application of Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) for pediatric internship assessment in two schools of medicine].

BACKGROUND: The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) has become a respected and widely used tool for the assessment of clinical competence in medical education. AIM: To describe the first experience of an OSCE as a summative assessment in undergraduate Pediatric Internship, in two universities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The OSCE was structured by a committee of faculty members of the 5 campi of University of Chile and I campus of the Catholic University. A 21 station OSCE was administered simultaneously to 124 Pediatric Interns (University of Chile = 104, Catholic University = 20), in 3 centers. A total of 50 faculty members participated in the examination. The OSCE consisted of 20 clinical problems, including videotape recordings, photographs, x-rays and laboratory exams, phantoms and 7 simulated standardized parents. RESULTS: The average total OSCE score was 67.3% (range: 84.5%-43.5%). The maximum theoretic score was achieved in 19 stations. A significant correlation between station and total score, was found for 18 of the 20 clinical problems. CONCLUSIONS: The experience of using OSCE has been a success. The OSCE was an adequate procedure to assess a large number of interns simultaneously and it allowed us to measure the main objectives in all domains and a wide range of clinical competence of Pediatric Internship Programs.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMed2005

Internships for women in higher education administration: springboards for success?

Administrative positions within higher education have been very homogeneous, reflecting an institutional culture in which males prevail. In an attempt to encourage women to consider alternatives in administrative positions, internship programs were developed to provide women with opportunities and a mechanism for career advancement. The purpose of this case study was to examine what women did as a result of participating in such an administrative internship program over a ten year time period at a comprehensive university. Interview data yielded consistent results that support existing literature about women in higher education. Trends were identified and recommendations suggested for encouraging more diversity within administrative positions in higher educational institutions. The findings of this study confirm the need for mentoring relationships for women in administrative positions.

Administrative Personnel↗

PubMed1990

Regional cooperative summer internship program for pharmacy students.

A regional summer internship program for pharmacy students that was coordinated by seven hospitals is described. Recruiting for the Mid-Missouri Summer Intern Program began during the winter of 1987-88. Students were recruited from pharmacy schools throughout the Midwest and were provided with housing and financial compensation while in the program. Each participating hospital agreed to hire at least one intern and appointed a preceptor or coordinating pharmacist, who met with the intern regularly. Students got most of their training and work experience at their home hospital; however, they also rotated to the other participating hospital pharmacy departments. Students had to keep a daily diary of their activities and to complete individual special projects. At the end of the summer, students and preceptors completed a written evaluation of the program. Students indicated that the program provided a valuable and unique educational experience. Preceptors thought that fourth-year and fifth-year students were best suited for the program. The hospital pharmacy directors agreed that the opportunity to evaluate a student's work ethic and professional capabilities before offering a position was a benefit. A regional summer internship program was successful in introducing pharmacy students to institutional pharmacy practice.

Curriculum↗

PubMed1989

Practice patterns of family physicians with 2-year residency v. 1-year internship training: do both roads lead to Rome?

Are there differences in patterns of practice between actively practising physicians who have been certified after a 2-year family practice residency and matched physicians without certification who have completed the standard 1-year internship? With the use of billing files prepared by the British Columbia Medical Association a group of 65 family practice certificants in active practice in British Columbia was compared with a control group of 130 internship trainees matched by year and school of graduation, category of billing (i.e., solo or group) and region. A wide range of practice features was assessed for the fiscal years 1984-85, 1985-86 and 1986-87. No differences were detected between the groups in 1986-87 for the following practice variables: number of patients (1888 and 1842 respectively), number of personal services billed for (7265 and 7173), number of personal services per patient (3.9), amount of funding for personal services ($140,192 and $140,100) and amount per patient for personal services ($77 and $79). Age-adjusted costs for male and female patients were similar in the two groups. Of six services thought to be influenced by type of training, only maternity care generated a significantly higher number of billings in the study group (341 v. 249). These results suggest that there is no demonstrable effect of training on patterns of practice. However, the question of the effect of training on quality of care and whether the 2-year residency may have a longer effect on practice patterns should be the focus of future research.

Accounting↗

PubMed1988

An assessment of internship at the teaching hospitals of the University of the Witwatersrand.

Medical internship can be a physically exhausting and emotionally traumatic experience. This study assesses various aspects of internship, including continuing medical education, workload and stress, at the five Johannesburg teaching hospitals during 1985 and 1986. Data were analysed from a confidential questionnaire. Eighty-two interns completed the questionnaire at the end of 1985 and 120 at the end of 1986. Problem areas defined were excessive patient load, sleep deprivation and severe stress. The commonest symptoms of stress were fatigue, irritability and weight loss. In 1985, 53% of interns stated that they could not cope, and in 1986 this increased to 65%. Forty-eight per cent of 1985 and 69% of 1986 interns lost interest in medicine during their intern year. The implications of these results are discussed and the importance and impact on the medical profession and hospital services analysed.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed1986

The internship year in the RSA--a need for change.

A survey of all interns doing their compulsory internship year in the RSA during 1982 and 1983 was carried out by means of a questionnaire (978 interns responded, a response rate of about 85%). Various problem areas were identified, most notably long working hours, insufficient opportunities to practice required procedures, heavy clerical duties leaving little time for training, lack of formal training, and negative attitudes engendered towards the medical profession. The significance and impact of the internship year is evaluated and the way in which South African Medical and Dental Council regulations are applied is examined. Recommendations for improvements in the effectiveness of interns' training are made.

Attitude↗

PubMed1984

[Compulsory internship in diagnostic radiology in the 5th year of medicine at the University of Montreal].

Problems of methodology, organization, and evaluation confronting the radiology departments of the university hospitals affiliated with the University of Montreal, the medical students, and the University itself in connection with an elective internship in radiology offered in the fifth year of medicine, resulted in the formation of a committee to reorganize the course of study. In this concise article the authors describe this and other measures taken by the University to solve these problems. The committees' main purpose was to restructure the internship which was made compulsory so that future physicians would be prepared to draw on the resources of diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. To this end, the committee formulated the objectives, content, evaluation system, and pedagogical methods to be used in those courses. The 25 self-teaching modules, together with the observation and practical interpretation of radiology sessions, proved highly useful in solving the initial problems, and were of particular interest to the students.

Curriculum↗

PubMed1980

Systematic study of four years of internship.

As part of the continuing effort to study perceived attitudes, stresses, and coping mechanisms of pediatric interns in a hospital-based training program, this paper focuses in depth on how attitudes toward patients and toward the internship experience become more negative in the course of the internship year. Sources of stress and changes in coping mechanisms are documented. There wer no significant effects of gender or marital status on interns' attitudes. Gender and marital status were not correlated with performance during the year, and attitudes were not consistently correlated with performance. Discussion of the significance of these findings in pediatric training and suggestions for redirection of pediatric training programs are made.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗

PubMed2006

A surgical skills elective can improve student confidence prior to internship.

BACKGROUND: A focused surgical resident readiness curriculum for senior medical students can improve confidence in surgical skills compared to current surgical interns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 3-week surgical skills lab elective enrolled senior medical students applying to surgical residency programs, with the purpose of improving surgical skills and easing anxiety prior to surgical internship. Students were surveyed before and after the elective regarding their confidence in performing 21 skills covered by the curriculum. A similar confidence survey was administered to the incoming surgical intern class. Interns were also surveyed regarding prior skills lab instruction during medical school. Statistical analyses included Student's paired t-test and two-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: Six medical students and 23 interns were surveyed. All medical students significantly improved their confidence by the end of the resident readiness curriculum (P = 0.0004). Although students initially had lower confidence than surgical interns in performing surgical skills and in their knowledge of anatomy prior to the course, their confidence after the course was significantly higher than that of the incoming surgical interns (P = 0.035). Surgical interns with prior skills lab experience in their medical school reported higher confidence than those who did not have a skills lab experience (P = 0.019). Among all subgroups, medical students with skills lab experience had the highest confidence score, followed by interns with previous skills lab experience, then by interns with no previous skills lab experience, and last, by medical student with no skills lab experience. CONCLUSION: Surgical interns often feel unprepared to perform skills necessary for residency. A focused skills lab elective during medical school can bridge the gap and improve confidence prior to internship.

Clinical Competence↗

PubMed2001

An internship for college students in physical medicine and rehabilitation: effects on awareness, career choice, and disability perceptions.

OBJECTIVE: To show the impact that an internship program in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PM&R) for college students has on their knowledge about the field, career choice, and perceptions about people with disabilities. DESIGN: Twelve students were selected to participate in the study. Students observed patient therapies and followed faculty and physiatry resident physicians. Students also participated in research studies in rehabilitation research. Group discussions regarding specific projects, research methods, career choice, and perceptions about disability were part of a didactic curriculum. Surveys about PM&R knowledge, attitudes toward people with disabilities, demographics, and course evaluations were administered. RESULTS: Results showed that the program increased knowledge about PM&R (P < 0.008). Premedical students missed significantly fewer questions (8.2 vs. 11.7; P = 0.04) on this survey than did other participants. Results also showed that this program affected their attitudes toward people with disabilities and student choice to pursue a career in health care. CONCLUSIONS: This type of internship experience provides an educational environment for college students to become acquainted with PM&R, interact positively with people with disabilities, and influence career choice in the allied health professions.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Modifications of graduate public/community health nursing internships to facilitate compliance with Institutional Review Board and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations.

This paper describes the changes that were made to a two-semester graduate internship course to facilitate student compliance with Institutional Review Board (IRB) and agency requirements for compliance with the Privacy Rule of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Students now spend the first semester of the internship developing collaborative relationships with the agency and conceptualizing, planning, and developing all aspects of the project, including preparing materials for an IRB review. A series of workshops about the IRB process, the Privacy Rule of HIPAA, and on-line resources have been developed. A password-protected web site and other resources were developed for preceptors. The result of the changes has been primarily positive. By having to conceptualize and develop the entire project at the beginning, students demonstrate a better understanding of program development and evaluation. Their writing has markedly improved. Preceptors like the course revisions, the convenience of on-line resources, and the enhanced course focus on the protection of health care information and of potential participants in health education programs or program evaluation projects.

Community Health Nursing↗

PubMedDate not supplied

A process for determining content for a nurse internship program.

The purpose of this study was to determine the essential content of a surgical nurse internship program. Five groups of senior nursing students, nursing faculty, and nursing service staff ranked and weighted 68 topics separated into five categories: professional, personal, patient/family, broad clinical, and surgical nursing. Kendall's Coefficient of Concordance was used to determine the agreement within each of the nurse groups, between each two nurse groups, and among all nurses. All nurses showed a significantly high agreement in ranking topics of all five categories. The associate degree faculty was the only nurse group to have a significant agreement within the group. Of the five nurse groups, the nursing service staff had the most significant rankings with other nurse groups. Because the topics ranked are broad in context, the study is applicable to nurse internship programs of other areas and to continuing education (CE) and staff development (SD) programs for newly graduated nurses.

Adult↗