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Results for “Hyperkinesis”

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PubMed1979

[Pathogenesis of hyperkinesis in children].

Pheylalanine metabolism was studied in 56 children with various forms of hyperkinesias. It was found that in the development of slow and fast hyperkinesias a certain role belongs to dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). It is probable, that in patients with Turett's syndrome the synthesis of DOPA is increased while in patients the excretion of phenylacetylglutamine was found to be disturbed: it was decreased in the patients with the fast and increased in the children with the slow hyperkinesias. Phenylalanine load led to a lowering of the DOPA level in the patients with Turett's syndrome; an intensification of the synthesis of phenylacetylglutamine and diminution of the intensity of hyperkinesias. L-glutamine load resulted in detoxication of the toxic phenylalanine metabolites which inhibited the DOPA synthesis, as well as in a short-time increase in the phenylacetylglutamine excretion and a moderation of tonic hyperkinesias that manifested by athetosis and dystonia. All this points out that in the development of various forms of hyperkinesias a certain role belongs to amino acid metabolites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Role of catecholamines in the pathogenesis of extrapyramidal hyperkinesis].

The total and cerebral metabolism of catecholamines was studied in 134 patients with various extrapyramidal hyperkinetic syndromes. Homovanillic acid levels determined in the ventricular and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid served as an indicator of the cerebral metabolism of dopamine. In two patients with hepatocerebral dystrophy (HCD) and torsion dystonia the author studied the content of catecholamines in the cerebral tissue. This study showed a considerable increase in noradrenalin and dopamine levels in the striatum, which was more pronounced in cases of HCD. It has been concluded on the basis of the findings obtained that elevation of cerebral dopaminergic activity is one of characteristic biochemical signs of extrapyramidal hyperkineses. There was a significant increase in this activity following the destruction of the ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus, which appears to be one of the biochemical mechanisms underlying an unfavourable effect of stereotaxic surgery for extrapyramidal hyperkineses. The importance of this pathology of noradrenergic systems in the pathogenesis of extrapyramidal diseases remains unclear and needs further investigation.

Basal Ganglia Diseases↗
PubMed1978

Hyperkinesis and diet: a double-blind crossover trial with a tartrazine challenge.

A pilot study was conducted on 22 children (19 boys and three girls) aged between four and eight years, who were selected as hyperactive on the basis of developmental history and clinical judgement. Conners' parent-teacher ratings, objective tests of attention, standard perceptualmotor tests and subtests from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC), were used as response variables. The children were tested before and after four weeks on the elimination diet, after a tartrazine and placebo challenge, and, finally, after a four-week washout period on the diet. Results showed a statistically significant improvement in the mothers' ratings of the children's behaviour after the first four weeks of the diet. The improvement was maintained in a combined analysis of the initial four-week diet period and four-week washout period. This result was not substantiated by the statistical analysis of the results from objective tests. The rating scales and objective tests for the full sample did not show a statistically significant deterioration in the children's behaviour when they were challenged under double-blind test conditions with the Yellow Dye No. 5, tartrazine, and the tests were conducted the day after a two-week challenge period. A comparison of mother ratings of behaviour during challenge and placebo double-blind trial and in the 24 hours preceding tests, in a subgroup of the children who, while on the diet, showed a 25% reduction of symptoms on the Conner's rating scale, indicated a significant challenge effect (P less than 0.025), with mothers reporting more symptoms during the challenge period. Dietary infringements with suspected trigger substances occurred throughout the trial.

Azo Compounds↗
PubMed1978

Hyperkinesis and food additives: testing the Feingold hypothesis.

Teacher ratings, objective classroom and laboratory observational data, attention-concentration, and other psychological measures obtained on 36 school-age, hyperactive boys under experimental and control diet conditions yielded no support for the Feingold hypothesis. Parental ratings revealed positive behavioral changes for the experimental diet; however, they seemed primarily attributable to one diet sequence. Parents' behavioral ratings on ten hyperactive, preschool boys indicated a positive response to the experimental diet; again, laboratory observations showed no diet effect.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment of spastic torticollis and other extrapyramidal hyperkinesis].

The history, clinical picture and non-specific parameters of the restorative process were studied in 28 patients with spastic torticollis and in 7 patients with other extrapyramidal hyperkineses (EH). It was found that one of the most frequent causes of these disorders is a chronic encephalitis or the infectious-allergic process in the brain with the predominant damage to a number of extrapyramidal formations. The most optimum and effective method of EH therapy is repeated courses of dexamethasone treatment in combination with antibiotics, B and C vitamins and vasodilating drugs. If there are any foci of infection, their preliminary sanation is necessary.

Adult↗