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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

A stomatognathic analysis of patients with disabling tinnitus and craniomandibular disorders (CMD).

Forty-two patients with disabling tinnitus and reported symptoms of craniomandibular disorders (CMD) were investigated by means of questionnaire, semistructured interview, stomatognathic examination and 2-week diary with thrice-daily ratings of tinnitus and mood. The findings have been analysed in order to identify symptoms of CMD related to tinnitus, and it was concluded that awareness of diurnal bruxism and feeling of jaw tenderness/fatigue may be related to fluctuating tinnitus, vertigo and hyperacusis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

A neurophysiological approach to tinnitus: clinical implications.

This paper presents a neurophysiological approach to tinnitus and discusses its clinical implications. A hypothesis of discordant damage of inner and outer hair cells systems in tinnitus generation is outlined. A recent animal model has facilitated the investigation of the mechanisms of tinnitus and has been further refined to allow for the measurement of tinnitus pitch and loudness. The analysis of the processes involved in tinnitus detection postulates the involvement of an abnormal increase of gain within the auditory system. Moreover, it provides a basis for treating patients with hyperacusis, which we are considering to be a pre-tinnitus state. Analysis of the process of tinnitus perception allows for the possibility of facilitating the process of tinnitus habituation for the purpose of its alleviation. The combining of theoretical analysis with clinical findings has resulted in the creation of a multidisciplinary Tinnitus Centre. The foundation of the Centre focuses on two goals: the clinical goal is to remove tinnitus perception from the patient's consciousness, while directing research toward finding a mechanism-based method for the suppression of tinnitus generators and processes responsible for enhancement of tinnitus-related neuronal activity.

Auditory Perception↗
PubMed2000

Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on auditory processing: case study.

Auditory sensitivity and processing ability were evaluated in a patient who suffered from hyperacusis, difficulty understanding speech, withdrawn depression, lethargy, and hypersensitivity to touch, pressure, and light. Treatment with fluvoxamine and fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) reversibly alleviated complaints. Testing while medicated and unmedicated (after voluntary withdrawal from medication for several weeks) revealed no difference in pure-tone thresholds, speech thresholds, word recognition scores, tympanograms, or acoustic reflex thresholds. Medicated SCAN-A (a screening test for central auditory processing disorders) results were normal, and unmedicated results were abnormal. Unmedicated transient otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem response waves I, III, and V were significantly larger bilaterally. Uncomfortable loudness levels indicated greater tolerance during the medicated condition. Central processing and vigilance were evaluated with analog-synthesized three-formant consonant-vowel syllables. While medicated, responses to stimuli at each ear revealed well-defined, labeling crossovers of about 90 msec. Vowel identification matched normal subject responses; labeling of /gE/jE/ and /bE/wE/ continua was well defined but all crossover points differed from normals (p < .0001). During unmedicated testing, responses to /gE/jE/ began at medicated levels but approached chance levels for the entire continuum within 10 min; labeling of /bE/wE/ was consistent with medicated responses throughout with earlier than normal crossover points.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Spontaneous otoacoustic emissions and efferent control of cochlea].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between spontaneous otoacoustic emissions(SOAE) and efferent control of cochlea and their clinical significance. METHODS: SOAE, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and contralateral white noise (60 dB SPL) suppression of TEOAE and DPOAE experiments were conducted in 312 ears of 95 patients with retrocochlear impairment and/or MOCS dysfunction and 64 normal young adults. RESULTS: MOCS dysfunction was shown in 126 ears of 65 patients (130 ears) with auditory neuropathy, 2 ears of 2 patients with unilateral acoustic neuroma, 4 ears of 2 patients with hyperacusis, 14 ears of 26 patients(48 ears) with normal hearing level in unilateral or bilateral tinnitus. Stronger EOAE could be recorded in total 146 ears with MOCS dysfunction at any pure tone hearing level. SOAE could be recorded in 126 of 146 ears (86.3%) with MOCS dysfunction and 44 of 128 ears (34.3%) with normal hearing. SOAE of ears with MOCS dysfunction was mainly at frequencies from 0.693 to 3.055 kHz and SOAE of normal ears was at frequencies from 1.135 to 2.746 kHz. Average value of maximum amplitude of SOAE spectrum (-3.4 +/- 6.4) dB SPL was significantly greater than that in normal ears (-6.8 +/- 7.8) dB SPL (P < 0.01). The major frequency range of SOAE (0.693-3.055 kHz) in MOCS dysfunction ears was essentially consistent with that of efferent suppression in normal ears (0.7-3 kHz). CONCLUSION: The modulation of the cochlear active mechanisms by MOCS mainly presents in the low- and mid-frequency regions, these frequencies correspond to the frequency range of SOAE. Stronger SOAE indicates pathophysiological significance. There is a clear clinical relationship between SOAE and the efferent modulation of the cochlea.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

[DPOAE otoemission in patients with tinnitus and normal hearing].

The goal of our study was analysis of characteristic interrogation, audiometry and distortion products otoacoustic emission in patients with normal hearing and complaining of tinnitus. We examined the group of 24 ill patients with hearing threshold up till 25 dB HL and with tinnitus and the control group of 18 with no audiological complains. All the patients were made tonal audiometry and the discomfort level as well as tinnitus frequency and intensity were evaluated. For each ear separately, we examined DPAOE of DP-gram function with resolving power of half the octave and the fine structure on the level of stimulation L1 = L2 = 70 dB. In the group of patients average time of tinnitus was 1.5 year. Average hearing threshold in patients with tinnitus was 18 dB HL for air conduction and 11 dB HL for bone conduction, average discomfort threshold--93 dB HL. In the control group hearing threshold was comparatively 16 dB and 10 dB HL and average discomfort threshold--95 dB HL. In the tinnitus group 8 patients (21%) complained of hyperacusis. The differences between the two groups in DP-gram were observed mainly in high frequencies (higher than 3000 Hz). In DP-gram fine structure in the group of patients with tinnitus we noted wider span of otoemission decreases (over the octave) compared to control group. In the tinnitus group among 20 examined ears with decreases of otoacoustic emission DP--fine structure only in 6 patients (30%) the frequency of tinnitus given by the patient was overlapping with the frequency for which decreases of otoemission were observed. In both groups we observed decreases of DPOAE for some frequencies but in the patients with tinnitus we noticed the lack of otoacoustic emission in wider span of frequencies, mainly in higher frequencies compared to controls.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Tinnitus retraining therapy--the experiences in Slovakia.

Since Mai 1999 Tinnitus Retraining Therapy (TRT) according to Jastreboff has been used in the management of 55 patients with tinnitus of various origin. Tinnitus isn't a disease, it is only a symptom. Therefore we needed to do an exact examination of the patient. We needed to apply causal therapy whenever it was possible. After six months of continuous therapy more than 50% patients reported improvement of tinnitus or it has disappeared. Concomitantly, we found hyperacusis, hypersensitivity to loud sounds. We could not assert that it was the cause or the consequence of the tinnitus. Considering these findings, it would appear TRT can be useful for extending the possibilities of tinnitus treatment. (Tab. 5, Fig. 1, Ref. 13.)

Adult↗
PubMed2005

[Patterns of hearing disorders in normal otoacoustic emissions].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and outline patterns of hearing disorders in normal otoacoustic emissions. METHOD: Tests of pure tone audiometry, acoustic impedance test, auditory brainstem response (ABR), 40 Hz AERP,spontaneous otoacoustic emissions (SOAE), transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE), distortion evoked otoacoustic emissions (DPEOAE)and imaging examinations of CT/MRI scan were performed on all 83 patients with hearing disorders. RESULT: Patterns of hearing disorders in normal otoacoustic emissions including (1) 68 patients with auditory neuropathy; (2) 2 patients with unilateral acoustic neuroma; (3) 3 patients with cortical deafness or central hearing loss; (4) 2 patients with hyperacusis; (5) 2 patients with functional deafness; (6) 6 patients with malingering. CONCLUSIONS: OAE tests play an important role in diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the patients with retrocochlear deafness, central hearing loss, nonorganic hearing loss and some other special hearing disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Anesthesia by injection of xylazine, ketamine and the benzodiazepine derivative climazolam and the use of the benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-3505].

25 horses which entered the clinic for minor surgery, received ketamine (2.2 mg/kg i.v.) for induction of anesthesia after previous sedation with xylazine (1.1 mg/kg i.v.). As soon as the horses were in the lateral recumbency, the benzodiazepine derivate climazolam was administered at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg i.v. (10 horses) or 0.2 mg/kg i.v. (15 horses). The anesthesia was maintained with repeated injections of ketamine (1.1 mg/kg i.v. every 9-12 minutes). At the end of the surgery, 20 minutes after the last ketamine injection, Ro 15-3505, a benzodiazepine antagonist, was injected at a dose of 0.01 mg/kg i.v. or 0.02 mg/kg i.v. Climazolam successfully suppressed the adverse reactions of ketamine, such as poor muscle relaxation, hyperacusis and convulsions. The benzodiazepine antagonist Ro 15-3505 allowed good control of the duration of anesthesia and--in most cases--a smooth, predictable recovery period was the result.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1984

Middle fossa vestibular neurectomy. Long-term results.

Middle fossa vestibular neurectomy is especially useful for treatment of Meniere's disease. We treated 59 cases of Meniere's disease with this technique and followed them up for at least ten years. Middle fossa vestibular neurectomy was effective against vertigo in Meniere's disease in 100% of the cases with unilateral involvement. Hearing, as well as tinnitus and hyperacusis, showed a clearly favorable evolution after vestibular neurectomy. The excellent long-term effects of this procedure on vertigo and low incidence of complications make middle fossa vestibular neurectomy one of the most effective surgical treatments for Meniere's disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

[A protective hearing aid (author's transl)].

A device consisting of a hearing protector headset and a modified hearing aid is used as a protective hearing aid for normal hearing subjects. Understanding of sufficiently redundant speech is remarkably improved, especially for noise level of about 20 dB above speech level. Tests have been made with the "Freiburger Zahlentest" and amplified "party noise" up to noise levels of 105 dBSPL. As an example: the above mentioned device enables the wearer to understand speech of 85 dB with 105 dB loud speech similar background noise while still the ears are charged with no more than 90 dB at all. Application for hyperacusis and recruitment patients is discussed.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tay-Sachs disease: a case report.

Tay-Sachs disease (GM2 gangliosidosis I) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal-storage disorder confined to the central nervous system, resulting from deficiency of hexosaminidase A. The case presented is of a twelve-month-old girl brought to the hospital because of mental-motor deterioration and convulsions. She was the child of first cousins and had a history of the deaths of two siblings with the same manifestations. Generalized hypotonia, macrocephaly, hyperacusis and a retinal cherry red spot appearance were present. There was no organomegaly. The diagnosis of Tay-Sachs disease was made by means of absence of serum hexosaminidase A activity.

Age of Onset↗
PubMed1994

VIIIth nerve vascular compression syndrome: vestibular paroxysmia.

Neurovascular cross-compression of the root entry zone of the Vth, VIIth and IXth cranial nerves causes symptoms of trigeminal neuralgia, hemifacial spasm and glossopharyngeal neuralgia. It is reasonable to search for a group of patients presenting with typical paroxysmal vestibular and/or cochlear symptoms, analogously caused by neurovascular compression of the VIIIth cranial nerve. Since no pathognomonic sign or test has yet been established, the diagnosis of 'vestibular paroxysmia' secondary to neurovascular cross-compression is based on four characteristic features: (1) short attacks of rotational to-and-fro vertigo lasting seconds to minutes; (2) attacks frequently dependent on particular head positions and modification of the duration of the attack by changing head position ('disabling positional vertigo'); (3) hyperacusis or tinnitus permanently or during the attack; and (4) measurable auditory or vestibular deficits by neurophysiological methods. Carbamazepine is a most effective drug. In medically intractable cases, retromastoid craniotomy and microvascular decompression is a recommended procedure once the side of disorder has been identified.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1993

Tinnitus and craniomandibular disorders--is there a link?

Associations between tinnitus and craniomandibular disorders (CMD) were investigated in an epidemiological sample, in tinnitus patients, and in patients attending a 'CMD-clinic'. Natural course of tinnitus was explored in a longitudinal epidemiological study of an elderly population. Several findings indicating a relatively strong relationship between CMD, tinnitus and subjective hearing loss were noted. This relationship seemed to be independent of objectively assessed degree of hearing loss, occupational noise exposure, general morbidity, medication or socioeconomic status. The prevalence of frequent headaches and fatigue or tenderness in jaw muscles was higher in tinnitus patients than would be expected if these conditions were unrelated. About one third of the individuals affected by tinnitus reported influence on tinnitus by jaw movements or pressure on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Diurnal bruxism and jaw fatigue appeared to be related to fluctuating tinnitus, vertigo, and hyperacusis. Stomatognathic and biofeedback treatment seemed to be able to reduce or eliminate tinnitus in some patients. Relatively low severity of tinnitus, normal hearing, fluctuating tinnitus, and some signs and symptoms of CMD are believed to constitute predictors of successful treatment outcome. Substantial longitudinal fluctuations with a high occurrence of spontaneous remissions of tinnitus were found in elderly people.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

[Coronary artery fistula between the left anterior descending branch and the left ventricle; a case report (author's transl)].

The rare case of a coronary fistula from the left anterior descending branch to the left ventricle is presented. The 38 year old woman was admitted with homonymous quadrantanopsia and hyperacusis. An abnormal Ecg and a systolic and diastolic murmur of unknown origin were discovered. Cardiac catheterization yielded normal findings. Coronary angiography demonstrated an aneurysma of the dilated left anterior descending coronary artery with a fistulous communication into the left ventricle. This congenital left to left shunt produced a typical mid-diastolic murmur clearly separated from the systolic murmur.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Auditory changes in spontaneous intracranial hypotension].

Descriptive report dealing with the auditive disturbances of 3 patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension, disorder typified for orthostatic cephalea without a know ground explaining the descent of the cerebrospinal fluid pressure. The patients presented with hypoacusis, hyperacusis, feeling of plenitude, blockade and ear pressure. The clinical picture is supposed to be linked to a low endolabyrinthine pressure, secondary to an intracranial hypotension. Review of auditive symptoms reported in the bibliography among individuals showing benign intracranial hypertension and intracranial hypotension owing to several causes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Laser stapedotomy minus prosthesis (laser STAMP): a minimally invasive procedure.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether hearing can be restored using a laser without a prosthesis in patients with minimal otosclerosis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review of 12 patients with minimal otosclerosis who underwent a laser stapedotomy without prosthesis (laser STAMP) procedure. SETTING: An otology/neurotology tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: Patients were chosen for the procedure if there was a blue footplate with minimal otosclerosis confined to the fissula antefenestram. INTERVENTIONS: Using a hand-held probe (CeramOptic), and the HGM argon laser, the anterior crus of the stapes was vaporized. Next, a linear stapedotomy was made across the anterior one third of the footplate. If otosclerosis is confined to the fissula antefenestram, the stapes becomes completely mobile. The stapedotomy opening is sealed with an adipose tissue graft from the ear lobe. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pure-tone audiometry with appropriate masking and auditory discrimination testing were performed before surgery, 6 weeks after surgery, and 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: The average air-bone gap was closed to a mean (SD) of 2.6 dB (3.3 dB). The average improvement in air-bone gap was 17.4 dB (7.6 dB). The discrimination scores remained unchanged. Audiometric testing of five cases with 1 year follow-up demonstrates that excellent hearing results are maintained. CONCLUSIONS: In selected cases of minimal otosclerosis confined to the fissula antefenestram, normal mobility of the ossicular chain can be obtained without a prosthesis by vaporizing the anterior crus and making a linear stapedotomy across the anterior one third of the footplate. The advantages of the procedure are that the stapedius tendon and most of the normal stapes remain intact, eliminating hyperacusis. The procedure is less invasive so it reduces inner ear trauma, possible prosthesis problems are avoided, and postoperative barotrauma risk is minimized. Minimal surgery is done for minimal disease. If the stapes refixes at some time in the future, a conventional stapedotomy can still be performed.

Adult↗