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Results for “Hip Injuries”

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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Social predictors of recovery in late middle-aged and older persons after injury to the extremities: a prospective study.

OBJECTIVES: The impact of educational level and social support on short-term and long-term recovery of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living after injuries to the extremities was examined in a prospective study concerning late middle-aged and older persons. METHODS: Patients (N = 171) who had sustained fall-related injuries (hip fractures, other fractures, or sprains and dislocations) participated in the study. Disability scores were collected at baseline (before the injury) and 8 weeks, 5 months, and 12 months after the injury. The authors used analysis of variance to assess possible differences between 3 levels of education and social support with respect to changes in disability scores from baseline to the 3 follow-up measurements while adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: Preinjury assessed educational level or social support did not play a role in short-term changes in disability. In the long term (5 and 12 months after the injury), recovery was significantly associated with social support: Those with higher levels of support had a better recovery. Although patients with high levels of education most closely approached their pre-event level of disability as well, differences did not reach statistical significance. Short-term changes in disability appeared to be determined by the severity of the injury. Social support began to influence recovery only when the impact of severity expired. DISCUSSION: Patients recovering from fall-related injuries who had reported high levels of social support before their injury had recovered better at 5 and 12 months. Encouragement and special attention given by health professionals to maintain social support may be beneficial for rehabilitation after fall-related injuries in older persons.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1999

Pseudoaneurysm of the profunda femoris artery due to intertrochanteric fracture of the hip.

Arterial injury caused by hip fracture is a rare event. We report a case of pseudoaneurysm of the profunda femoris artery that presented 4 weeks after correction of an intertrochanteric hip fracture with a dynamic hip screw. The diagnosis was confirmed by Duplex ultrasound scanning, and it was treated by ligation of the profunda femoris artery at the level of the pseudoaneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

Iatrogenic blunt arterial injury during a hip fracture surgery.

Iatrogenic non-penetrating arterial injuries have been reported following primary and revision hip arthroplasties. We report a patient who developed acute limb ischaemia after dynamic hip screw fixation was performed for an unstable intertrochanteric fracture. We discuss a previously unreported mechanism of traction creating tension on the atherosclerosed vessels and medial retraction tenting and breaking the vessel wall lining. This case highlights a serious complication in one of the most commonly performed hip surgeries.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1983

Physical characteristics and sex hormone levels in patients with osteoporotic hip fractures or endometrial cancer.

Comparisons were made of the physical characteristics and the sex hormone levels of 50 postmenopausal women, half of whom had sustained an osteoporotic hip fracture while the remainder had developed endometrial carcinoma. None of the patients had received estrogen replacement therapy for longer than 3 months during their lifetime. At the time of injury hip fracture patients were found to be lighter (121 +/- 5 versus 167 +/- 9 pounds) and older (73.4 +/- 1.0 versus 62.6 +/- 1.7 years) than the cancer patients at the time of diagnosis. Estrone, estradiol, percentage of free estradiol, and free estradiol levels were significantly lower in the hip fracture patients than in subjects with endometrial cancer, while sex hormone-binding globulin levels were significantly higher in the former group. Androstenedione and testosterone levels were similar. Previous studies have shown that the incidence of both lesions is influenced by body size. These data suggest that body size may exert this influence through alteration of endogenous estrogen metabolism with hip fracture patients having lower concentrations and endometrial cancer patients having higher concentrations of endogenous estrogens.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Anterior dislocation of the hip associated with fracture of the ipsilateral greater trochanter. A case report.

A 22-year-old male motorcyclist fell from a height and sustained an obturator hip dislocation with concomitant fracture of the ipsilateral greater trochanter. The immediate reduction of the dislocation associated with open reduction of the fracture of the greater trochanter showed excellent results at the short-term and long-term follow-up examinations. This extremely rare hip injury seems not to have been previously reported in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Circumferential pelvic antishock sheeting: a temporary resuscitation aid.

Acute traumatic pelvic ring instability causes severe pain and associated hemorrhage. Circumferential pelvic sheeting provides patient comfort and noninvasive, rapid, and temporary pelvic ring stability. A bed sheet is readily available, inexpensive, easily applied around the pelvis, and disposable.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of the hip and knee before and after marathon running.

BACKGROUND: Despite its obvious benefits regarding aerobic fitness, the possible deleterious effects of long-distance running remain controversial. The repetitive loading associated with this activity could potentially predispose to the subsequent development of osteoarthritis. Lower extremity malalignment can also result in abnormal joint loading and is another possible contributing factor for premature articular cartilage degeneration. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether external impact loading in marathon runners creates internal stresses on bone and cartilage that are demonstrable on MR images. Participants were separately assessed for static lower extremity alignment, using standard radiographs. METHODS: Six recreational and two semi-professional runners underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the hip and knee before and after a marathon run using coronal T1-weighted and coronal STIR sequences. RESULTS: The pre-run and post-run scans failed to demonstrate marrow oedema, periosteal stress reactions, or joint effusions in seven runners. One patient who underwent a reconstruction of his anterior cruciate ligament 18 months ago demonstrated a small effusion in the reconstructed knee before and after the race. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the high impact forces in long-distance running are well tolerated and subsequently do not demonstrate changes on MR images.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2002

Force reduction by an external hip protector on the human hip after falls.

This is the first quantitative study of the impact force over the hips of volunteers who fell laterally from standing to a hard surface while wearing a hip protector. Protector pads were first tested with a drop weigh machine. Piezoelectric sensors were placed on the impact surface to record force-time curves with and without a pad covering the surface. Two types of pads transmitted only 9% of the force at a drop weight impact force of 13,372 N. Sensors were placed over the hip under a protective hip pad worn by 10 volunteers who deliberately fell from standing, to a concrete surface. Only 5% or less impact force was transmitted to the skin sensors, and no hip injuries occurred after 85 falls, providing evidence for the safety of such falls. Only transient skin pain and tenderness occurred in three volunteers. Force transmission through the pads was well below that required to fracture hips from cadavers with osteoporosis in vitro. There was variability in the reduction of force transmission among the volunteer subjects. A 1-month compliance study with 106 elderly subjects showed protector use for 70% to 95% of their hours out of bed.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2003

Hip fractures among the elderly: causes, consequences and control.

This review examines all pertinent literature sources published in the English language between 1966 to the present concerning hip fracture epidemiology, hip fracture injury mechanisms, and hip fracture management strategies. These data reveal hip fractures have several causes, but among these, the impact of falls and muscle weakness, along with low physical activity levels seems to be the most likely explanation for the rising incidence of hip fracture injuries. Related determinants of suboptimal nutrition, drugs that increase fall risk and lower the safety threshold and comorbid conditions of the neuromuscular system may also contribute to hip fracture disability. A number of interventions may help to prevent hip fracture injuries, including, interventions that optimize bone mass and quality, interventions that help prevent falls and falls dampening interventions. Rehabilitation outcomes may be improved by comprehensive interventions, prolonged follow-up strategies and ensuring that all aging adults enjoy optimal health.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Spontaneous bilateral fractures of the femoral neck. Etiology-frequency-diagnosis-therapy].

INTRODUCTION: Medial and pertrochanteric fractures of the femoral neck occur commonly in patients with bone weakness due to osteoporosis or osteomalacia. Combined bilateral hip injury is much rarer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The case of a Turkish woman with bilateral fractures of the femoral neck due to secondary hyperparathyroidism caused by nutritional vitamin-D 3 deficiency is described and compared to 80 cases of bilateral hip fractures mentioned in English and German literature. RESULTS: Until the late 1950's the most common reason for simultaneous bilateral femoral neck fractures was convulsive therapy of psychosis by drug or electroshock without use of relaxants, followed by seizures of other origin. Primary and secondary bone diseases are the most common reason for two-fold spontaneous bilateral fractures of the femoral neck. CONCLUSION: At the time of first pain radiological findings are often normal. In this situation MRI, isotope bone scanning or additional chemical diagnostics have proved to be useful. The medical regulation of the bone disease is of highest priority. On account of the pain, bone stability and deformation, conservative and operative therapy such as osteosynthesis or THR has to be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Hip dislocation without bone injuries].

Dislocation of the hip is rare and so we regard every hip dislocation as an emergency until it has been reduced. From 1977 to 1996 a total of 82 patients with hip dislocation were treated at the Traumatic Surgery Clinic, University of Vienna, Austria. The average age at injury was 29 years. Some 77 patients had unilateral dislocation of the hip, but only in 5 cases was bilateral dislocation found. Iliac dislocation was most common (54 patients). Our treatment consisted in reduction within 6 h of the injury under general anaesthesia (Böhler) and 14 days bedrest. Then the patients were mobilized with full weight bearing, depending on the pain. Of the patients 29 had no clinical infirmities, 8 patients reported temporarily occurring pain and in 6 patients we found a limited range of movement in the hip joint with occasional pain. In all, 43 patients were followed up after 1/2 to 19 years. Radiological signs were seen in 17 patients and avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 1. So after careful evaluation of the patients and the kind of treatment, we recommend the following: 1. Immediate, gentle reduction of the hip joint; 2. Bedrest for 14 days; 3. Early mobilization with full weight bearing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Blood conservation in hip trauma.

Patients with hip or pelvic fractures experience significant blood loss as a result of the fracture and from the surgery that subsequently is performed. The emergent and unplanned nature of fracture surgery precludes the use of preoperative blood donation and the optimization of chronic medical problems. Blood transfusion frequently is required to maintain adequate tissue O2 delivery in these injured patients. However, the administration of allogeneic blood causes other problems, including a well documented increase in the risk of infectious complications. Perioperative measures to minimize blood loss such as hypotensive anesthesia and red blood cell salvage are important, but often are inadequate to prevent the need for blood transfusion. Recently, erythropoietin therapy has been shown to stimulate hematopoiesis in patients with hip fractures. The authors discuss their experience with blood loss management in these patients with hip injuries, including aggressive Fe replacement therapy and the use of recombinant human erythropoietin.

Blood Loss, Surgical↗
PubMed1990

Posterior hip dislocation associated with acute traumatic injury of the thoracic aorta: a previously unrecognized injury complex.

Posterior hip dislocation associated with acute injury to the thoracic aorta is a previously unrecognized injury complex. This study reveals that 8% of patients with posterior hip dislocation have associated injury to the thoracic aorta because of abrupt deceleration injuries. This study defines the association of traumatic posterior hip dislocation and acute traumatic injury of the thoracic aorta, describes the mechanism of injury, and discusses the evaluation of a patient with a suspected acute traumatic aortic injury.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Activity of plasminogen activators and plasmin inhibitors in the joint capsule in various articular diseases (author's transl)].

The activity of plasminogen activators and plasmin inhibitors in articular capsules of the hip and knee joints in rheumatoid arthritis, chronic traumatic inflammation, arthrosis and aseptic loosening of prosthesis was determined histochemically and correlated with the degree of mobility in osteoarthrosis of the hip. Microscopically unchanged articular capsules were employed as reference sites. In inflammatory articular diseases the plasminogen activator activity was significantly reduced, whereas it remained unchanged in arthrosis and necrosis of the heas of the femur, and significantly enhanced in aseptic loosening of prosthesis. Plasmin inhibitor activity was established in joint capsules with inflammatory changes only; in case of rheumatic inflammation, it was higher than with traumatic inflammation. In osteoarthrosis of the hip there is a positive correlation between joint mobility and plasminogen activator activity. The results point towards involvement of the local fibrinolytic system in joint diseases; however, no definite statement can be made with regard to possible causative linkups.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Unusual complications in traumatic dislocation of the hip in children.

Four cases of unusual complications following traumatic dislocation of the hip in children are presented along with a review of the literature. All patients presented with posterior or posterosuperior dislocations, and two had associated pelvic or acetabular fractures. One patient had a small, shallow acetabulum caused by premature closure of the triradiate cartilage and damage to the superior gluteal nerve. The combination of triradiate epiphyseal closure and abductor muscle weakness secondary to superior gluteal nerve damage contributed to subsequent femoral head subluxation. One patient presented with a previously unrecognized fracture dislocation. Two patients presented with recurrent dislocations, one with a posterior capsular defect indicated by arthrography. The patient with this defect was treated with surgical repair, whereas the other patient was treated nonsurgically.

Buttocks↗