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PubMed1986

[Interaction of domestic and wild ruminants in the epidemiology of helminthiasis].

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Animal Population Groups↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology of gastrointestinal helminthiasis in the brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis).

Lesions caused by experimentally produced mixed infections (two flukes, Phagicola longa and Mesostephanus appendiculatoides, and an ascarid, Contracaecum sp.) were studied in 40 brown pelicans. The flukes occurred throughout the intestines and caused mild villus atrophy, lengthening of the crypts, increased goblet cell population, and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. Contracaecum caused small ulcers where they attached to the esophagus and proventriculus. Microscopically, these ulcers had an eosinophilic, hyaline lining surrounded by focal necrosis, cellular infiltration, and fibrosis. Changes in several biochemical constituents of the blood were seen. These gastrointestinal parasitisms had low virulence, and they probably play a secondary role as a factor influencing population fluctuations in brown pelicans.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

[Pastures as a source of helminthiasis invasions in sheep and cattle].

The aim of the study was to find out the influence of naturally invaded environment on heifers and sheep grazing in the open air for the first time, and/or possibilities of parasite transmission between domesticated and wild ruminants. Larvae were proved to be able to survive 11 months in the environment, even if the eggs had been eliminated with excrements to the grass in July at a high temperature of 26 degrees C. For instance, the larvae Nematodirus, Ostertagia, Chabertia and Trichostrongylus, belonging to the most resistant, survived from the July of one year to the June of the subsequent year in a closed sheep-run located on the pasture and excluding a possibility of access of other animals. In April and May, grass samples were positive up to 88% and 90%, root mat samples up to 70% and 72%, respectively. Dictyocaulus survives only over the winter months till April; then it is not resistant to temperature and moisture fluctuations.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗

PubMed1974