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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Carcass yield and weep loss from fast-food cuts after processing broilers using extremes in stunning current and slush-ice chilling.

Six-week-old broilers were compared in yield and weep loss when stunned using either 25 or 125 mA current followed by slush-ice chilling where resultant carcasses were either held static for 4 h or subjected to 45 m of tumbling. Treatments were factorially arranged among the populations of 32 pens (24 birds per pen) that had been reared under common conditions. Tumbling increased chill water uptake, abdominal fat content, and yield of whole carcasses, whereas no differences occurred as a result of the stunning treatments. Carcasses were separated into a nine-piece cut immediately after chilling. All parts lost weight from weepage during the subsequent 24 h, and weep from total parts was greater when carcasses had been tumbled than held static. Keel portion breasts and drumsticks continued a weight advantage from water uptake with tumble chilling, but wings, thighs, and split breast lost this additional water and were similar to those respective parts static chilled. High stunning current led to an increased amount of keel portion breast, regardless of chilling treatment, with subsequent weep not being affected. Alterations in yield that occur because of chilling procedure are substantial and not equivalent among parts, whereas stunning has little impact and is focused on the breast.

Absorption↗
PubMed2005

Autophagosomes: a fast-food joint for unexpected guests.

Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium that infects a wide range of hosts including humans, causing Q fever, a disease characterized by high fever and flu-like symptoms. After its internalization the Coxiella-containing phagosomes interact with intracellular compartments and generate a large replicative vacuole that displays certain characteristics of a phagolysosome. We have shown that this bacterially-customized replicative vacuole also has the hallmarks of an autophagosomal compartment. Furthermore, in a recent publication we have reported that induction of autophagy is beneficial for the replication and survival of Coxiella. Different morphological forms of this bacterium have been described during its developmental cycle. Here we present additional data and discuss a model indicating that induction of autophagy favors the differentiation of the Coxiella small cell variants to the metabolically active large cells variants. We postulate that nutrient acquisition, likely by fusion with the nutrient-rich autophagic vacuoles, triggers the development of the large cell variants which actively multiply in the host cell.

Autophagy↗
PubMed2002

[Gene, fast food and no motion. Causes of childhood obesity].

Obesity in children and adolescents should be seen as a chronic disorder and not merely as a biological variant. One aspect of the pathological significance of obesity in childhood and adolescence is determined by functional and individual limitation and psychosocial impairment. Another is the fact that these children and adolescents have a higher comorbidity, and appreciably increased morbidity and mortality rates in adulthood. The major causes of the condition are lifestyle related, in particular excessive intake of energy- and fat-rich foods together with increasingly inadequate exercise. In addition, however, there also appears to be a genetic predisposition that manifests as early and massive obesity in young years. Considerable importance attaches to the recording of height and weight development during regular examinations in the doctor's office. In addition, in particular the children of overweight parents, together with their families, should be instructed and advised on the need for a healthy and appropriate diet and regular exercise. In the case of extremely overweight children, a genetic investigation would be worthwhile.

Adolescent↗