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Results for “FIGURAL AFTEREFFECT”

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PubMed2006

View-specific coding of face shape.

Monkey and human cortex contain view-specific face neurons, but it remains unclear whether they code face shape. We tested the view specificity of face-shape coding by inducing figural face aftereffects at one viewpoint (3/4 left) and testing generalization to different viewpoints (front view and 3/4 right). The aftereffects were induced by adaptation to consistent figural distortions (contracted or expanded), which shifts the distortion perceived as most normal toward the adapting distortion. The strong aftereffect that was observed at the adapting view was significantly and substantially reduced for both front-view test faces and mirror-image (3/4 right) test faces, indicating view specificity. The limited transfer across mirror views is strong evidence of view specificity, given their figural similarity. The aftereffects survived a size change between adaptation and test faces (Experiment 2), a result that rules out low-level adaptation as an explanation. These results provide strong evidence that face-shape coding is view-specific.

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PubMed2003

Attentional selection of overlapped shapes: a study using brief shape aftereffects.

Prior studies using brief stimulus sequences revealed "opponent shape aftereffects", indicative of direct opponent coding of global shape attributes such as aspect ratio, skew, taper, curvature, and convexity (perhaps in IT). Further, aftereffects from overlapped opponent pairs of adaptor shapes (e.g., concave and convex shapes) were substantially modulated by attention [Vision Res. 41 (2001) 3883]. Hypothetically, (1) attention might weight the attended and ignored contours at early stages of processing, or (2) it might sway opposing neural activity (e.g., of convex- vs. concave-tuned units) at the stage of opponent shape coding. Attentional modulation was equivalent for opponent pairs (producing opposite aftereffects) and non-opponent pairs (producing orthogonal aftereffects) of overlapped adaptor shapes, whether convexity or aspect-ratio aftereffects were measured. Further, the degree of attentional modulation obtained for these aftereffects (approximately 60%) was comparable to that obtained for V4 cells [J. Neurosci. 19 (1999) 1736]. Taken together, differential contour weighting appears to be the primary mechanism of attentional modulation of brief shape aftereffects.

Attention↗