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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Use of solid-phase microextraction for the analysis of bisphenol A and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether in food simulants.

A new method has been developed to simultaneously analyse bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) in aqueous based food simulants. The method consists on direct immersion solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of the analytes from the liquid matrix and subsequent chromatographic analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using the proposed method, a whole analysis (including chromatographic step) can be completed in less than 40 min, with minimum sample handling. The SPME method shows good analytical performance for simultaneous BPA and BADGE analysis, except for BADGE determination in the aqueous alcohol (simulant C) solution. Detection limits ranging from 0.1 to 2.0 ng/g for BPA and from 13 to 15 ng/g from BADGE were obtained, with a linear range from the low-ng/g to several-microg/g range for BPA and from 0.1 microg/g to 40 microg/g for BADGE. A possible optimisation method has been also developed and introduced.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed2004

Enantioselective construction of carbobicyclic scaffolds.

Allylic and benzylic Grignard reagents smoothly open phenylalkynyl-activated cyclic trisubstituted epoxides at the more substituted carbon atom to give secondary alcohols with a chiral quaternary center. These alcohols are good substrates for the construction of enantiomerically pure carbobicyclic scaffolds through intramolecular alkylation.

Bridged Bicyclo Compounds↗
PubMed2001

Effect of heat processing and storage time on migration of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether (BADGE) to aqueous food simulant from Mexican can coatings.

Effects of heat processing and storage time (up to 70 days) on migration of bisphenol A (BPA) and bisphenol A-diglycidyl ether (BADGE) from can coatings into an aqueous food simulant were determined. Distilled water was canned in two types of Mexican cans: for tuna and for jalapeño peppers. Results showed that there is an effect of heat treatment on migration of both compounds. Storage time did not show any effect in BPA migration from tuna cans. There was an effect of storage time on BPA migration from jalapeño pepper cans. Results for BADGE migration were affected by its susceptibility to hydrolyze in aqueous simulants. BADGE concentration decreased, or was not detected, during storage in both types of cans. Migration levels for BPA and BADGE were within 0.6-83.4 and <0.25-4.3 microg/kg, respectively. Both were below European and Mercosur legislation limits. Other migrating compounds were detected, although no identification was performed.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMed2001

Synthesis of (-)-deoxypukalide, the enantiomer of a degradation product of the furanocembranolide pukalide.

A convergent stereoselective synthesis of (-)-deoxypukalide is described. This substance has not yet been found in Nature but is obtained through deoxygenation of pukalide, the first naturally occurring furanocembrane to be structurally elucidated. The route features a new intraannular furan synthesis that entails treatment of a 4-oxopropargylic beta-keto ester with silica gel. The product of this novel reaction, a 3-carboxy 2,5-bridged furan, is formed in 96% yield. The synthetic strategy was strongly directed by molecular mechanics calculations, which provided valuable insight into stereodefining steps including double bond stereochemistry and butenolide configuration.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

The rearrangement of 2,3-epoxysulfonates and its application to natural products syntheses: formal synthesis of (-)-aphanorphine and total syntheses of (-)-alpha-herbertenol and (-)-herbertenediol.

The Lewis acid treatment of 2,3-epoxysulfonates with 2,3-dialkyl substituents or 2-alkyl-3-aryl substituents produced the rearrangement products via C3-cleavage of the oxirane ring in high yields. On the other hand, 2-aryl-3-alkyl-2,3-epoxysulfonates produced the products via C2-cleavage of the oxirane ring. The sulfonyloxy groups of the alpha-sulfonyloxy ketones, having a chiral benzylic quaternary carbon center obtained by the rearrangement of 2-alkyl-3-aryl-2,3-epoxysulfonates, were reductively eliminated to give the ketones with a chiral benzylic quaternary carbon center. The method was applied to the formal synthesis of (-)-aphanorphine and total syntheses of (-)-alpha-herbertenol and (-)-herbertenediol.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2006

New aniline-containing amino alcohols from trans-(R,R)-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyloxirane as useful intermediates for the synthesis of chiral ligands, bases, and benzoxazine nucleus.

New enantiopure aniline-containing amino alcohols are directly derived from trans-(R,R)-2-(2-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyloxirane, by alternative regioselective double reductions. Subsequent selective alkylation procedures and derivatizations provide a rapid and high-yielding access to different chiral ligands, bases, and benzoxazines, without loss of optical purity.

Amino Alcohols↗
PubMed2000

New stereoselective route to the epoxyquinol core of manumycin-type natural products. Synthesis of enantiopure (+)-bromoxone, (-)-LL-C10037 alpha, and (+)-KT 8110.

A practical route is decribed for the preparation of the C(7)N core of manumycin-type compounds. Starting from p-benzoquinone, optically pure compounds in both forms can be prepared via enzymatic resolution of a derived diacetoxy conduritol. A diepoxy aminoinositol is accessible which can function for formation of enantiopure epoxyquinones and quinols. Examples are given for acylation reactions of this amine with several acyl derivatives. With this approach (-)-LL-C10037alpha and quinones such as (+)-KT-8110 with 5R,6S-configuration can be synthesized through oxidation. In addition a short route to (+)-bromoxone is described. Most steps include simple epoxide formation and cleavage reactions which all can be carried out in a high stereoselective manner.

Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic↗
PubMed2002

Synthetic studies on the ingenane diterpenes. An improved entry into a trans-intrabridgehead system.

[reaction: see text] The efficient construction of an ingenol intermediate exhibiting "insideminus signoutside" intrabridgehead stereochemistry is reported. The sequence features the net conversion of a cis-intrabridgehead compound into a highly strained trans-species via palladium-mediated isomerization of an allylic epoxide followed by a low-temperature alkoxide-accelerated 1,5-hydrogen migration.

Bridged-Ring Compounds↗
PubMed2005

Enantioselective epoxidation of alpha,beta-enones promoted by alpha,alpha-diphenyl-L-prolinol as bifunctional organocatalyst.

[reaction: see text] An operationally simple and mild protocol for the catalytic enantioselective epoxidation of alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones has been estabilished using commercially available alpha,alpha-diphenyl-l-prolinol as bifunctional organocatalyst and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant. The epoxides have been obtained in good yields and with up to 80% ee.

Biphenyl Compounds↗
PubMed2003

The renal dietitian's role in managing hyperphosphatemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism in dialysis patients: a national survey.

PURPOSE: To survey the medical nutrition therapy practices of renal dietitians for the treatment of bone mineral metabolism. OBJECTIVES: To obtain data on phosphorus diet prescription levels. To determine allied team involvement for phosphate binder and Vitamin D therapies. To assess the frequency and target levels for monitoring serum calcium, phosphorus, -phosphorus product, intact PTH and alkaline phosphatase. METHODS: Two renal dietitians from the National Kidney Foundation-Council on Renal Nutrition developed a 5-question survey. This was posted on both the RenalRD Listserv and the NKF-CRN website from January 1 through February 15, 2001. Dietitians were asked to respond using facsimile, e-mail or reply by mail. RESULTS: One hundred and thirty-one surveys were received representing all major dialysis providers in the United States, the British Virgin Islands, and Japan. Results included information for peritoneal and hemodialysis patients. Five different methods for dosing phosphate binders were determined. Prescribed phosphate binders included calcium acetate, sevelamer hydrochloride, and calcium carbonate. 108 out of 131 dietitian respondents (82.5%) have a medical protocol in place for vitamin D therapy. Of the respondents, 47% were directly responsible for implementing the vitamin D protocol. Paricalcitol was the most widely used form of IV Vitamin D. Biochemistry results were as follows: calcium, 16 different ranges from 8.0 mg/dL to 11.5 mg/dL; phosphorus, 13 different ranges from 2.5 mg/dL to 6.5 mg/dL; calcium-phosphorus product, 13 different ranges from 55-75; iPTH, 20 different ranges from 50-300 pg/mL; alkaline phosphatase, 18 different ranges from no records being monitored to a level of 500 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: The survey revealed a large variability in the treatment of bone mineral metabolism. Improved clinical practice guidelines for the health care team are being developed with the National Kidney Foundation (NKF)-Kidney Disease Outcomes and Quality Initiative (KDOQI) bone disease management workgroup.

Acetates↗
PubMed2002

Improved sample extraction and clean-up for the GC-MS determination of BADGE and BFDGE in vegetable oil.

A straightforward method was established for the determination of migration contaminants in olive oil with a special focus on the two can-coating migration compounds bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE). The preferred sample preparation was a single liquid-liquid extraction of compounds from the oil into 20% (v/v) methanol in acetonitrile, followed by clean-up with solid-phase extraction on aminopropyl bonded to silica. This purification procedure selectively removed all free fatty acids from the extracts without removing phenolic compounds of interest. The solid-phase extraction columns were used many times by implementing a procedure of washing out the strongly retained fatty acids with 2% acetic acid in methanol. Gas chromatography coupled with full scan (m/z 33-700) electron ionization mass spectrometry was used for the determination of several model compounds in olive oil samples. BADGE and BFDGE could be determined in the 0.05-2 mg kg(-1) range in oil samples with a relative SD of <6% (six replicates). The method was used in an enforcement campaign for the Norwegian Food Control Authority to analyse vegetable oil samples from canned fish-in-oil.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Time-temperature study of the kinetics of migration of BADGE (bisphenol-A-diglycidyl-ether) into a fatty medium.

The migration kinetics of bisphenol-A-diglycidyl-ether (BADGE) from processed and non-processed model cans into vegetable oil was investigated as a function of the process treatment and the temperature of storage. Cans were either not heat-treated at all or were processed at 115 degrees C for 30 min or for 1 h after filling with oil. Each series of experiments comprised 30 samples and was further divided into three groups to be stored at different temperatures (20, 40 and 60 degrees C). Aliquots from the samples were taken at regular intervals for > 1 year. Samples were analysed for BADGE by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. The results showed that temperature processing had the largest effect on migration of BADGE. Storage temperature also significantly influenced migration from non-processed cans, in particular at higher storage temperatures such as 60 degrees C. Some samples were Subjected to 60 degrees C storage after an initial period at 20 degrees C and an effect on migration was also noted, although to a much lesser extent than from processing. The results of migration at higher temperatures were also correlated to the potential degradation of BADGE from oxidation products.

Benzhydryl Compounds↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Potential carcinogenic and mutagenic industrial chemicals. I. Alkylating agents.

A variety of alkylating agents, acylating agents, peroxides, halogenated derivatives, and nitrogen derivatives have been reviewed, principally in terms of their synthesis, areas of utility, stability, distribution, reactivity, levels of exposure, population at risk, metabolism, carcinogenicity, and mutagenicity.

Aldehydes↗