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PubMedDate not supplied

European Practice Database in the Czech Republic.

The EDTNA/ERCA European Practice Database (EPD) Project has been launched with the aim to collect data on professional practice and outcome of dialysis treatment throughout Europe. The Czech Republic had the privilege of taking part in the pilot phase together with Northern England and part of Italy. We first became involved in the EPD project during the annual EDTNA/ERCA conference in Nice, France. At this time the Research Board started to prepare an EPD questionnaire for the pilot phase. The project was officially launched in the Czech Republic during the Multidisciplinary Conference in Brno organised jointly by the Czech Association of Nurses and the EDTNA/ERCA in 2003. A presentation by Jean Yves De Vos, the EPD Co-ordinator, who introduced the final EPD questionnaire in detail, was the best promotion of the project.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

European Practice Database in Belgium.

After the successful pilot EPD Project in 2002-2003, we decided to perform the EPD project in four additional countries: Belgium, Greece, Norway and Scotland. Before starting the EPD Project in Belgium, we installed a Belgium National EPD Board in order to support the practical organisation of this project. National coordinators were Luc Picavet (Chair) and Sylviane Boullé (Wallonia). The members of the Belgium National EPD Board were Jean-Yves De Vos (President of National Association, ORPADT Flanders), Hichem Marzougui (Link member, Association of Dialysis Technicians) and Luc Vonckx (President of Association of Dialysis Technicians).

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2004

Detecting women at risk for postnatal depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale at 2 to 3 days postpartum.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the capacity of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) implemented in the first days postpartum to detect women who will suffer from postnatal depression. METHOD: A sample of 1154 women completed the EPDS at 2 to 3 days postpartum and again at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. RESULTS: There was a highly significant positive correlation between EPDS scores on both occasions (Spearman rank correlation: r = 0.59, P < 0.0001). The cut-off scores of 10 and 11 for EPDS administered at 2 to 3 days obtained good specificity, sensitivity, and positive predictive values for the cut off scores proposed for the diagnosis of postnatal depression at 4 to 6 weeks postpartum. CONCLUSION: The EPDS completed at 2 to 3 days postpartum is a useful means of detecting women at risk of postnatal depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Links between early post-partum mood and post-natal depression.

The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to rate 217 patients at five days and six weeks post-partum. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the two scores, together with similar symptom profiles. Of the 25 women who suffered post-natal depression (6-week EPDS score greater than or equal to 13), 17 had similar symptoms in the first week post-partum (5-day EPDS score greater than or equal to 10). Low birth weight of the baby, delivery by Caesarean section, a delivery much more difficult than expected, and bottle feeding were all significantly associated with a high EPDS score in the first week post-partum. Bottle feeding and delivery by Caesarean section were the only factors associated with depression at the sixth week. A recollection of low mood after a previous birth was also associated with post-natal depression after the current birth. This, together with an EPDS score of 13 or more at five days post-partum, increased the risk of post-natal depression at six weeks 85-fold.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Detecting postnatal depression in Chinese women. Validation of the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the utility of the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and measured the prevalence of major depression six weeks after confinement among Chinese women in Hong Kong. METHOD: A prospective cohort of 145 women completed the EPDS, the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) six weeks after giving birth. They were then assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, non-patient version (SCID-NP) to establish psychiatric diagnosis. The criterion validity of EPDS was tested against this clinical diagnosis, and the concurrent validity against the GHQ and BDI scores was also evaluated. The internal consistency of the scales was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. RESULTS: The Chinese EPDS had satisfactory psychometric properties and a cut-off score of 9/10 is recommended for screening depressive illness in a general postnatal population. At six weeks postpartum, 5.5% of the study population suffered from major depression. CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese EPDS will be useful for screening for postnatal depression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Discussing emotional health in pregnancy: the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale.

Antenatal depression is an important and neglected aspect of pregnancy and despite its prevalence there is little mention of it in the literature. However, early detection and management may prevent the development of postnatal depression (Henshaw, 1994). This article reports on the administration of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in women during the antenatal period in one community practice. This tool was designed to detect postnatal depression and was used by health visitors (n = 4) in the third trimester of pregnancy to identify clients (n = 15) in need of emotional/social support. Clients and health visitors were then interviewed and their comments recorded and transcribed verbatim. The findings suggest that the EPDS aided the recognition of low mood/antenatal depression. By using the EPDS antenatally and focusing on the needs of the mother, low emotional wellbeing was identified. Use of the EPDS provided both clients and health visitors with an opportunity to discuss emotional health regardless of their antenatal EPDS score.

Community Health Nursing↗
PubMed2006

Design and development of mechanical embolic protection devices.

Carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) is rapidly becoming an acceptable alternative to carotid endarterectomy in many patients. Much of the success of CAS is credited to advances in equipment dedicated to this minimally invasive approach. Lower profile delivery systems, tapered stent designs and most importantly, development of mechanical cerebral embolic protection devices (EPDs) have contributed to a reduction in periprocedural neurological complications that now rival results of carotid endarterectomy. Despite a lack of level one evidence in support of EPDs, a meta-analysis as well as two recent institutional reports of CAS with and without EPDs suggest a reduced stroke risk when a mechanical protection device is incorporated as part of the procedure. Since the original description by Theron and colleagues, embolic protection systems are markedly improved in ease of use and effectiveness. The three primary groups of EPDs are distal balloon occlusion, distal filtration and proximal occlusion. Although the ideal EPD has yet to materialize, this review provides insight into current design systems and the accompanying strengths and weaknesses of each.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

Relationship of beef sire expected progeny difference to maternal performance of crossbred daughters.

Cumulative milk production of crossbred daughters of sires of several breeds was estimated using weigh-suckle-weigh procedures. Pooled-across-breed analyses were conducted to determine, in retrospect, relationships of sire EPD values for milk and total maternal value to daughter milk yield and daughter's offspring weaning weight. The pooled coefficient for regression of daughter 214-d milk yield on sire milk EPD was 13.4 kg/kg (residual correlation was .14). The overall mean estimated milk yield was 1,262 kg, suggesting that a difference in sire milk EPD of 1 kg corresponded to a difference of approximately 1% in cumulative daughter milk yield. The pooled coefficient for regression of daughter's offspring 214-d weight on sire total maternal EPD was 1.18 kg/kg (residual correlation was .17). All regression and correlation coefficient stated above were significantly greater than zero. Breeders who use sire milk and total maternal EPD values as selection tools should expect such selection to be effective, on average, but should also expect that a substantial proportion of individuals or small groups may not rank as predicted.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Prediction error variances for interbreed genetic evaluations.

A table for adjusting expected progeny differences (EPD) to a base year and breed basis depends on analyses of records of progeny of bulls of different breeds in a common environment and requires that those reference bulls also have other progeny to provide within-breed EPD. Currently, the germ plasm evaluation project at the Meat Animal Research Center (MARC) provides such a common environment for reference bulls of several breeds for estimation of breed differences for the reference sires. Reference sire estimates of breed differences are adjusted by the difference between average EPD of reference bulls and average EPD for the base year for that breed. Two related questions are as follows: 1) What are confidence ranges for the adjustments and 2) What are accuracies of interbreed EPD? Application of statistical principles and algebra shows that 1) apparent confidence ranges for breed adjustments are small, 2) apparent confidence ranges are substantially underestimated when random sire effects within breed are ignored, 3) correct confidence ranges also are small, 4) usual measures of accuracy cannot be applied to interbreed comparisons, and 5) standard errors of prediction used in calculating confidence ranges for interbreed comparisons are much less affected by variance of the adjustment factors than by within-breed accuracies for two bulls being compared except for bulls with accuracies of near unity. Alternatives of predicting differences between bulls of the same or different breeds or between a bull of any breed and an average bull of a base breed are discussed in terms of confidence ranges.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1997

Effects of sire, dam traits, calf traits, and environment on dystocia and subsequent reproduction of two-year-old heifers.

A study was conducted over 3 yr to evaluate effects of sire birth weight EPD, calf birth weight and shape, and heifer pelvic area and weight, individually and in combination, on dystocia and subsequent rebreeding of 2-yr-old heifers. Heifers (n = 550), MARC II yearlings, were assigned for breeding to one of four Angus sires with birth weight EPD of -.95, -82, +2.9, and +2.7 kg. At calving, heifers were assisted as needed. A gauge attached to the cal puller recorded applied traction pressure. Analysis of traction pressure detected only slightly larger amounts of variation (2 to 3%) affecting dystocia than the standard five-point scoring system. Dam weight did not affect calving difficulty score (CDS), except dam birth weights were heavier (P < .05) for CDS 5 (Caesarean section) than CDS 1 (unassisted). Dams requiring Caesarean section had smaller pelvic areas (P < .05), with no other differences among CDS. The CDS increased as calf birth weight and cal external measurements increased. Low EPD sires produced calves with smaller (P < .05) birth weights and smaller calf head and food circumferences and caused less dystocia than high EPD sires. The CDS did not affect subsequent pregnancy rates but did affect conception date of the second calf. Calves delivered by Caesarean section were lighter (P < .05) at weaning than other calves but had similar slaughter weights. As mean winter temperature increased (6.1 degrees C) from yr 1 to 3, calf birth weight decreased (4.6 kg) and calving difficulty decreased 23%. Results indicate sire birth weight EPD, calf birth weight and shape, dam pelvic area, and climate affected CDS, and CDS affected subsequent conception date.

Aging↗
PubMed1999

Additive genetic relationships between heifer pregnancy and scrotal circumference in Hereford cattle.

The objective of this study was to determine an appropriate method for using yearling scrotal circumference observations and heifer pregnancy observations to produce EPD for heifer pregnancy. We determined the additive genetic effects of and relationship between scrotal circumference and heifer pregnancy for a herd of Hereford cattle in Solano, New Mexico. The binary trait of heifer pregnancy was defined as the probability of a heifer conceiving and remaining pregnant to 120 d, given that she was exposed at breeding. Estimates of heritability for heifer pregnancy and scrotal circumference were .138+/-.08 and .714+/-.132, respectively. Estimates of fixed effects for age of dam and age were significant for heifer pregnancy and bull scrotal circumference. The estimate of the additive genetic correlation between yearling heifer pregnancy and yearling bull scrotal circumference was .002+/-.45. Additional analyses included models with additive genetic groups for scrotal circumference EPD for heifer pregnancy or heifer pregnancy EPD for scrotal circumference to account for a potential nonlinear relationship between scrotal circumference and heifer pregnancy. Results support the development of a heifer pregnancy EPD because of a higher estimated heritability than previously reported. The development of a heifer pregnancy EPD would be an additional method for improving genetic merit for heifer fertility.

Aging↗
PubMed2000

Intraruminal supplementation with increasing levels of exogenous polysaccharide-degrading enzymes: effects on nutrient digestion in cattle fed a barley grain diet.

The effects of supplying increasing ruminal doses of exogenous polysaccharide-degrading enzymes (EPDE) on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestion were studied using eight ruminally cannulated heifers, four of which were also duodenally cannulated, in a replicated Latin square. The heifers were fed a diet of 85.5% rolled barley grain and 14% barley silage (DM basis), and once daily they were given intraruminal doses of 0 (Control), 100, 200, or 400 g of a preparation containing polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. Enzyme treatment decreased ruminal pH (linear, P<.001) and increased ammonia N (quadratic, P<.001) concentration. The ruminally soluble fraction and effective degradability of feed DM in situ were increased (quadratic response, P<.001) by enzyme treatment. Ruminal administration of EPDE increased ruminal fluid carboxymethylcellulase and xylanase activities linearly (P<.001) and beta-glucanase activity quadratically (P<.01), decreased (quadratic response, P<.05) ruminal fluid viscosity, and did not affect (P>.05) ruminal fluid amylase activity. Elevated levels of fibrolytic activities in the rumen resulted in increased (quadratic, P<.001) carboxymethylcellulase, xylanase, and beta-glucanase (P<.01) activities in duodenal digesta. Duodenal amylase activity and reducing sugar concentration were also increased (quadratic responses, P<.001 and P<.05, respectively) by EPDE. Xylanase activity of fecal DM was increased linearly (P<.05) with increasing ruminal EPDE levels. Apparent digestibilities of DM, crude protein, and NDF were not affected by EPDE supplementation. Enzyme treatment did not affect (P>.05) urinary excretion of allantoin and uric acid, or concentrations of glucose and urea in blood.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed2001

Growth hormone response to growth hormone-releasing hormone in beef cows divergently selected for milk production.

In dairy cattle, increased circulating growth hormone has been associated with selection for greater milk yield. This study tested the hypothesis that beef cows divergently selected for milk production would have differing GH responses to a challenge dose of GHRH. Growth hormone response to a challenge of GHRH was measured in 36 Angus-sired cows ranging from 6 to 10 yr of age. The cows were classified as high milking (n = 16) or low milking (n = 20), on the basis of their sires' milk EPD. Mean milk EPD (in kilograms) were 16.6 and -14.4 for high and low milking cows, respectively. Milk production was estimated by the weigh-suckle-weigh procedure. Blood samples were taken immediately before and 10 min after a clearance dose of 4.5 microg of GHRH/100 kg BW (injected i.v.) and, 3 h later, immediately before and 10 min after a challenge dose of either 1.5 or 4.5 microg of GHRH/100 kg BW. Each animal received both challenge doses, and the doses were randomly assigned across 2 d of blood collection. Serum concentrations of GH and IGF-I were measured by RIA. Serum IGF-I was measured in the baseline blood sample on d 1 of blood collection. A positive relationship (r = 0.35; P = 0.03) was observed between the cows' rankings for each dose of GHRH; that is, high responders to the low dose were high responders to the high dose. Growth hormone response to the 4.5 microg/100 kg BW challenge dose of GHRH was positively related to sire milk EPD (R2 = 0.09; P = 0.03). Response of GH to the 1.5 microg GHRH/100 kg BW challenge dose also tended to be related (P = 0.08) to sire milk EPD of high milking cows. In addition, IGF-I concentrations of high milking cows were inversely related (R2 = 0.24; P = 0.04) to sire milk EPD. Growth hormone response to GHRH challenge may have potential as an additional tool in the evaluation of milk production in beef cattle.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Comparison of maternal self-esteem, postpartal depression, and family function in mothers of normal and of low birth-weight infants].

PURPOSE: The study investigates the degree of maternal self-esteem, postpartal depression, and family function in mothers of normal and of low birth-weight infants. METHOD: A retrospective cohort design was applied to compare the variables of interest between a group of 73 mothers with normal birth weight infants and a group of 45 mothers with low birth-weight infants, using the maternal self-report inventory(MSRV), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS) and Family APGAR(FAPGAR). RESULT: The total mean score was 82.57 for MSRV, 8.45 for EPDS, and 6.83 for FAPGAR with no differences between two groups. A positive correlation was found between MSRV and FAPGAR, while a negative correlations between MSRV and EPDS, and FAPGAR and EPDS. Regardless of the direction of the relationship, the degrees of the correlations were stronger in low birth-weight mothers group than in normal group. CONCLUSION: No differences in MSRV, EPDS and FAPGAR between the normal and the low birth-weight group considered as beneficial effects of the follow-up management which low birth-weight group was engaged in. This suggested the early intervention(follow-up) for the family with risk factor(low birth-weight) could reduce negative outcomes such as the impaired maternal self-esteem and family function, and the occurrence of postpartal depression, retrospectively.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2001

Validation of the Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: detecting postnatal depression in Taiwanese women.

The Chinese version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was revalidated among Chinese women in Taiwan during the fourth week postpartum. One hundred and twenty primiparas completed the EPDS and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) four weeks after giving birth. The concurrent validity of the EPDS evaluated against the BDI scores was r = 0.79. The internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) of the EPDS was 0.87. Results showed that the Chinese version of the EPDS has appropriate reliability and validity and a cut-off score of 9/10 is recommended for screening postnatal depression among Taiwanese women.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Validation of a Spanish version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale].

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study is to validate a version in Spanish of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in Peruvian women with less than 1 year of delivery. METHOD: We administered the EPDS and the SCID section for diagnosis of major depression according to DSM-IV criteria to 321 women within the first year of postpartum. RESULTS: We found that the optimum cut-off score of the EPDS for the studied population was 13.5. With this value the sensitivity was 84.21% and the specificity 79.47% for diagnosis of major depression. No woman with score lower than 7.5 had major depression (sensitivity and negative predictive value were 100%). The correlation coefficient between the EPDS score and the number of criterion A symptoms for major depression according to DSM-IV was 0.4478. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.7043. The items that had more predictive power for postpartum depression were those regarding worries, ability to cope, panic, cry and optimism. CONCLUSIONS: The version in Spanish of the EPDS performed adequately in Peruvian women.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: the validity of its Quebec version for a population low socioeconomic status mothers].

This paper investigates the construct validity and reliability of a Quebec version of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) for a population of low-socioeconomic-status mothers. This scale was constructed for the specific purpose of measuring mothers' symptoms of depression during the postnatal period in an effort to alleviate the validity problems that could arise from depression scales intended for the general population. Two hundred and twenty-four mothers participating in a Quebec prevention program, "Naître égaux, grandir en santé" (Martin & Boyer, 1995) filled out the EPDS between the 22nd and the 35th day postpartum. A confirmatory factor analysis, conducted with LISREL, gives a 2-factor structure for the EPDS, the first representing symptoms of depression and the second symptoms of anxiety. This structure differs from the one presented by Cox, Holden, and Sagovsky (1987), authors of the EPDS. It corresponds, however to the results of other authors who looked at the EPDS with confirmatory factor analysis (Pop, Komproe, & van Son, 1992) and indicates a good construct validity. The reliability of the scale also appears satisfactory, with a Cronbach alpha co-efficient of 0.82.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp after zoster ophthalmicus and trauma].

Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp (EPDS), first described in 1979, is a rare, chronic, pustular condition with scarring alopecia, and nonspecific histological findings. While the initial responded to steroids is good, it can be treated successfully by oral administration of zinc sulphate. Local trauma has recently been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of EPDS. The differential diagnosis of EPDS includes folliculitis decalvans, sterile eosinophilic pustulosis Ofuji, pustular psoriasis vulgaris, trichophytosis, Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens, pemphigus vulgaris and cicatricial pemphigoid. We present the cases of a 74-year-old woman suffering from EPDS following herpes zoster ophthalmicus and of a 54-year-old man in whom EPDS followed a head injury.

Aged↗