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PubMed1991

Surgical correction of trachoma-related upper eyelid cicatricial entropion utilizing the Barbera-Carre technique.

Upper eyelid cicatricial entropion is commonly encountered as a sequela of inflammatory conditions. The surgical correction of this defect is often difficult and frequently unsuccessful. We have used the Barbera-Carre technique with good results in 20 patients with cicatricial entropion due to trachoma. We take this opportunity to present the surgical technique and our results.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cicatricial entropion: an analysis of its treatment with transverse blepharotomy and marginal rotation.

Transverse blepharotomy with marginal rotation is a simple and effective procedure to treat cicatricial entropion of diverse etiology in upper and lower eyelids. The surgeon can vary the site of incision and suture placement to control the amount of marginal rotation required. We treated 152 eyelids (98 patients) with this technique, obtaining an 85% overall success rate. Eleven recurrences were found in 7 of 18 lids with ocular pemphigoid; the success rate for this subgroup was 39% compared with 92% for all others. We recommend this procedure as a technically easy treatment for cicatricial entropion not caused by ocular pemphigoid.

Entropion↗
PubMed1977

A tarsal resection procedure for senile entropion with lid retraction.

1. A method of tarso-conjunctival resection for correction of spastic entropion associated with lid retraction has been presented which prevents a) the presence of suture knots against the cornea, b) localized trichiasis, and c) tissue reaction to absorbable sutures. 2. These advantages are achieved through the use of several figure-of-8 silk sutures which are tied on the skin surface. 3. By keeping the apex of the excised triangle of tarsus 2 mm below the lid margin trichiasis may be avoided. 4. Twelve operations have been followed for 1 to 6 years. The retraction and entropion were markedly improved in eleven lids. One under-correction resulted. There were no other complications.

Entropion↗
PubMed1978

Senile entropion: modified Schimek operation.

Senile entropion is a common cause of ocular discomfort. Medical treatment is ineffective for it and a definitive operation generally is required. Many surgical procedures are available, but most of them are not effective. The operation described in this paper was devised by one of us (H.G.S.) 9 years ago, employing a modification of the Schimek procedure. It has the advantage, however, of fixation of the sutures to the periosteum of the lateral orbital rim and thus provides firm support for the lid septum. The operation is simple, safe, and takes little more. Even if entropion recurs, the operation can be repeated with no damage to the lid.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Voluntary entropion.

Voluntary entropion, which has been reported only once before, was photographically documented in a 12-year-old girl. The lower-eyelid retractors and protractors were clinically normal. The postulated mechanism of the entropion was selective innervational control of separate components of the orbicularis oculi complex, which allowed the preseptal portion to override the pretarsal portion.

Child↗
PubMed1979

Congenital entropion in a litter of rabbits.

Conjunctivitis and blepharospasm were observed in a litter of four, 2-week-old New Zealand white rabbits. Corneal opacity and neovascularization of the cornea and entropion of the upper eyelids were observed when the rabbits were examined 10 weeks later. Conjunctival cultures of these rabbits yielded normal bacterial flora. Treatment with a steroid-antibiotic ophthalmic ointment did not alter the ocular abnormalities. Surgical correction of the entropion resulted in a complete regression of all clinical signs.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Experiences with the Fox technique for the repair of senile entropion.

The author reports on the advantages of Fox's technique in the surgery of senile entropion on the basis of experiences with 30 interventions on 26 patients. In the evolution of senile entropion the structural changes in the orbicularis oculi muscle plays a decisive role, which leads to the malfunction of the muscle. The degenerative changes of the muscle are shown with electron microscopy. The author recommends the Fox technique because this type of intervention aims to abolish the cause of the aging process and not only the consequences of it as other methods do.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Combined procedure for senile entropion.

Entropion of the lower eyelid was corrected in 26 eyelids of 21 patients. All patients were found to have a disinsertion of the capsulopalpebral fascia, but not Muller's muscle layer, of the lower eyelid retractors. All cases were repaired by reattaching the anterior edge of the capsulopalpebral fascia to the inferior edge of the lower tarsus combined with A horizontal eyelid tightening procedure performed at the lateral canthus. With follow-up of six to 32 months, no cases of entropion have recurred. We have found a combined procedure of horizontal eyelid tightening and repair of the capsulopalpebral fascia gives best long-term results.

Entropion↗
PubMed1983

Variation in the pathophysiology of involutional entropion and its treatment.

It is essential to understand the anatomy in detail, the normal physiology and pathophysiology of the lower eyelid to properly correct an involution entropion surgically. The fact that 50% of involutional entropion causes show an actual defect (dehiscence or complete detachment) of the retractor aponeurosis of the lower eyelid is important. The surgeon must be cognizant of the high rate of occurrence of these defects and look for them during the surgical repair. The direct external approach of the imbrication procedure makes it easy to identify these aponeurotic retractor defects. The pathophysiologic changes can vary with each case and are as follows involutional changes (attenuation, dehiscence, detachment) taking place in the lower lid retractors; atony of the lateral and medial canthal tendons may be present and must be recognized; enophthalmus of the aging is present; the septal oribicularis loses it firm attachment to the orbital septum. It is paramount that the pathophysiologic changes present in each case be recognized and surgically corrected to prevent recurrences.

Entropion↗
PubMed1980

A simple method for the correction of senile entropion.

The authors describe a simple method for surgical correction of senile entropion that is a modification of the Jones, Reeh, and Tsujimura technique. The modification consists in the use of the classic blepharoplasty incision, dissection of a skin flap, and resection of a strip from the orbicularis oculi. After the resection of excess skin, suturing begins--passing through skin, septum, and skin, correcting the deformity on the lash border. The anatomy of the region is discussed, as well as the etiology of the condition and preoperative management. The result of this technique in 26 patients with senile entropion is described. There were no complications after twelve- to thirty-month follow-up, save in 1 case in which a hematoma occurred. This was subsequently drained.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Senile entropion.

129 cases of senile entropion operated on by the Oculo-Plastic Service of the Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital were reviewed. There was an overall success rate of 84 percent. Age, sex, race and suture material were of no importance to the eventual outcome of the surgery. A Basedown-Tarso-Conjunctival resection greater than 7 mm had 100 percent results. The orbicularis transplant with insertion at the infero-lateral border of the orbit was found to be the most effective procedure for re-operations for non-cicatricial entropion.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1997

Tarsoconjunctival advancement: a modified surgical technique to correct cicatricial entropion and metaplasia of the marginal tarsus.

Severe eye burns and mucocutaneous cicatricial disorders frequently cause upper and lower lid entropion with metaplasia of the tarsal conjunctiva, dislocation of the meibomian gland orifices, trichiasis, and tarsal scars near the lid margin. Between 1985 and 1993, 26 patients (29 eyes, 36 lids) were treated by excision of pathologic tissue and advancement of the tarsoconjunctival layer. The presented procedure is used mainly in cicatricial entropion with keratinization of the marginal tarsus.

Cicatrix, Hypertrophic↗
PubMed2003

A review of entropion and its management.

This article reviews the various types of entropion: congenital, spastic, involutional, and cicatricial. Entropion diagnosis and clinical evaluation is discussed. Management from non-surgical to surgical procedures is reviewed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Involutional lateral entropion of the upper eyelids: a new physical finding in asian patients.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a new physical finding called involutional lateral entropion (ILE) of the upper eyelid found in Asian patients. METHODS: A prospective case series study of 53 consecutive patients with ILE of the upper eyelid, from the practice of one of the authors (J.G.C.), was performed. All of the patients in this series were Asian. Clinical findings on ocular examination, symptoms, age, and sex were obtained and tabulated. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD age of patients was 68.9 +/- 10.1 years (range, 41-88 years); 70% were women and 30% were men. All patients presented with in-turning of only the lateral aspect of the upper eyelid bilaterally. The presenting symptoms were foreign-body sensation (85%), tearing (77%), eye redness (34%), eye pain (26%), and itchiness at the lateral canthal area (25%). Clinical findings included lateral dermatochalasis (100%), trichiasis (100%), lateral canthal eyelid laxity (100%), localized lateral conjunctivitis (42%), punctate epithelial keratopathy (11%), blepharitis (11%), and distichiasis (8%). CONCLUSION: We describe ILE of the upper eyelid in Asian patients and explain the anatomic correlates responsible for this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Repair of cicatricial entropion of the upper eyelid.

The disparity in vertical length between the skin muscle lamellae and the tarsoconjunctival lamellae in cicatricial entropion of the upper eyelid secondary to contracture of the transconjunctival layer was corrected by a transconjunctival incision allowing the eyelid to straighten. The resultant defect in the tarsoconjunctival lamellae was corrected by means of a bare scleral graft 20% larger than the defect in the eyelid. The graft was allowed to epithelialize spontaneously and was not covered with mucuous membrane.

Entropion↗