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Results for “Discrimination Learning”

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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

Effects of verbal rehearsal on discrimination learning in moderately retarded and nursery-school children.

In a simultaneous discrimination task with intradimensional shift, low-IQ and average-IQ children were required either to rehearse audibly a phase relating the positive cue to reward or not to rehearse audibly. A limited number of rehearsal trials substantially reduced discrimination errors and the facilitating effect transferred fully when new color cues were introduced and audible rehearsal stopped. Retarded subjects tended to need extra prompting to rehearse, but their discrimination performance showed no reliable deficit. It seems valuable to view the equal-MA deficit that retarded subjects have previously displayed on discrimination tasks as a consequence of deficiency in short-term memory strategies.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1977

Sequential contrast effects with retarded subjects after discrimination learning with and without errors.

Four retarded adults were exposed to a multiple variable interval-extinction schedule of reinforcement. The 2 min components were presented in a random order. Two subjects acquired the discrimination with an errorless procedure. The two other subjects learned the discrimination with errors. The schedule generated sequential contrast effects under both training procedures: response rates during periods of reinforcement were higher when a reinforcement period followed an extinction period than when it followed another reinforcement period. These results were confirmed in a second observation where eight retarded children were exposed to a multiple fixed ratio-extinction schedule of reinforcement. This study is the first demonstration of sequential contrast effects with human subjects during the acquisition of a discrimination without errors. The results are discussed in terms of Terrace's theory of errorless learning.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

A computer-controlled Y-maze for the analysis of vibrissotactile discrimination learning in mice.

An automatized, computer-controlled Y-maze is described in which mice are trained to discriminate between two vibrissotactile, and/or visual stimuli, other modalities or combinations of modalities being testable as well. Movements of the mouse are recorded by photocells and monitored on a computer screen. Forward passage of the mouse is ensured by movable gates, and, if necessary, by brief air blows. Wrong choices are punished by air blows as well. The controller is a Hewlett-Packard Series 80 microcomputer with a 16 channel parallel input/output interface; programs are in BASIC. The program analyzes start latency, decision and homing time, side preference, inspections and ultimate choice, as well as choice strategies based on discrimination, left/right habits and short-term memory. Thus we can determine the nature of discrimination errors, and establish individual behavioral profiles of the animals. Results are both printed alphanumerically and plotted. The apparatus may be used for studying sensory physiology as well as cerebral lateralization, and drug or gene effects on memory and learning.

Anesthesia↗