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PubMed1997

Credentialing. Concerns and issues affecting occupational health nursing.

1. Mechanisms for credentialing affecting occupational health nursing include licensure and certification of individuals and accreditation of educational and health care organizations. 2. Issues of control of entry into practice, geographic mobility, and whether licensure will be single or two tiered, national or institutional, are currently under debate. 3. The purpose of certification is to acknowledge the individual and assure the public that the individual has mastered a body of knowledge of a particular specialty. 4. The purpose of accreditation is to evaluate the performance of a service (i.e., education or health care) and to provide consumers of that service necessary information on which to base decisions on use of the services. 5. Occupational health nurses must participate actively in the process of credentialing clarification and reform to be prepared to advance the specialty and respond to the health care needs of the working population in the 21st century.

Credentialing↗
PubMed1997

Credentialing study. An AAOHN report.

This article is third in a series of three articles addressing credentialing to appear in AAOHN Journal. The first article, "Credentialing: Concerns and Issues Affecting Occupational Health Nursing," by Olson, Verrall, and Lundvall, appeared in the May 1997 issue [45(5):231-238]. The second article, "Certification and Occupational Health Nursing: An Historical Perspective," by Verrall appeared in the June 1997 issue [45(6):283-289].

Credentialing↗
PubMed1998

Reviewing credentials and granting privileges.

The process of reviewing credentials and granting privileges is generally well known to a medical staff member elected as department chair or appointed to the credentials committee, but the underlying principles on which it is based may have been lost to all but the most reflective observer. A brief historical survey and a review of the precepts are presented to broaden understanding of this important process.

Credentialing↗
PubMed1998

Technology acquisition and credentialing controversies.

In the age of the health care financial squeeze, staying on the cutting edge of medical technology is problematic at best. Surgeons must be proactive to design, specify, and acquire highly sophisticated, functional thoracoscopic technology. Credentialing is a legal process designed to improve patient care quality and must be fair and applied to all. An area of contention is credentialing for newly designed procedures. Valid reasons for decredentialing, always a difficult issue, include personal temporary or permanent medical conditions, patient care quality issues, insufficient caseload to maintain proficiency, and personal or interpersonal relationship problems.

Credentialing↗
PubMed1996

Emergency medicine credentials in St Louis and Kansas City: does the presence of an emergency medicine residency program have a geographic difference?

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare emergency physician (EP) credentialing characteristics in two metropolitan areas of Missouri: Kansas City, which has had an emergency medicine (EM) residency program since 1973, and St Louis, which is without a program approved by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive survey concerning EP training, certification, and practice characteristics was administered by standardized telephone interviews. Participants were all emergency department directors in Kansas City and St Louis general hospital EDs serving more than 10,000 patients annually. RESULTS: Twenty Kansas City EDs, with an annual census of 20,250 +/- 7,200; and 30 St Louis EDs, with an annual census of 27,100 +/- 13,800, were surveyed. In Kansas City, 68% of practicing EPs were EM trained, versus 10% in St. Louis (P < .0005). The percentage of board-certified EPs was also greater in Kansas City than in St Louis (82% versus 42%, P < .0005). Eighty-six percent of ED directors in St Louis, compared with 30% in Kansas City, reported that they did not attempt to recruit EM-trained staff or that recruitment was difficult (P < .0005). CONCLUSION: The presence of an EM residency training program is associated with favorable EP credentialing characteristics in the Kansas City metropolitan area. This information may prove useful to institutions attempting to establish EM training programs in areas where none currently exist.

Certification↗
PubMed1998

Workshop: Credentialing of Anticoagulation Providers: A Proposed Model.

The winter 1997 survey of Anticoagulation Forum members identified a strong desire for an anticoagulation provider certification program. The Anticoagulation Provider Certification Working Group (APCWG) is a multidisciplinary committee formed (1) to develop the objectives and process required to achieve the competencies for anticoagulation therapy providers, (2) to propose a framework for a national certification process that validates achievement of anticoagulation therapy provider competencies, and (3) to create a reproducible educational framework for all clinicians involved with anticoagulation therapy. The APCWG assessed the need for credentialing the levels of mastery expected of anticoagulation providers, identified key elements of a certification program, assessed published anticoagulation provider competencies, studied elements of a successful regional credentialing program, proposed core anticoagulation domains of knowledge and associated competencies, and solicited and incorporated broad-based multidisciplinary feedback on such domains and competencies. As a result, the APCWG has developed a draft of five knowledge domains: physiology/pathophysiology of thromboembolic disorders, patient assessment and management, patient education, pharmacology of antithrombotic agents, and operational processes surrounding the coordinated care of an anticoagulated patient. These draft domains of knowledge and the accompanying list of detailed competencies were distributed to all attendees of the May 1997 Anticoagulation Forum Meeting for review and feedback. The plan is to incorporate comments and revise the documents, develop and pilot a certification process, and present the results of the pilot(s) to a national organization to serve as a foundation of a valid and accepted national certification process.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Distance learning in a school nurse credential program.

Distance learning, which encompasses many methodologies, is becoming a more readily available educational alternative. Because there are a limited number of school nurse credential programs and the demand for school nurses is increasing, distance learning may be a viable method of instruction. This article describes the authors' experiences organizing and presenting distance learning courses to five remote sites for students in a university school nurse credential program. After numerous inquiries, potential students from several areas were surveyed, and arrangements were made with universities in those areas to receive two-way audio and video transmissions of two seminar courses; later, two clinically oriented courses in the school nurse program. Students were able to complete their program requirements by taking equivalent course work at their local universities. Perceptions of students and the instructor, course evaluation, and practical suggestions are shared. Guidelines for potential students about selecting quality distance education programs are also noted.

California↗
PubMed1998

Neurosurgical credentials: a history and critique.

The author presents a review of the process of peer evaluation in this century, as well as how certification and techniques of evaluation in the practice of medicine and neurosurgery have evolved. The effect of licensure on the workforce, the influence of trade laws on quality of education and training, and the new paradigm of competition and managed medical practices have made a remarkable impact on the nature of the care of patients in the United States. The author also discusses the effect of risk management and litigation on the quality of medical care, the nature of outcomes evaluation and economic credentials in the absence of appropriate instruments for such evaluation, and alternatives for the future of the credentials process.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Refining the association between education and health: the effects of quantity, credential, and selectivity.

We refine the established association between education and health by distinguishing three aspects of a person's education (quantity, credential, and selectivity) and by examining the mechanisms through which they may correlate with health. Data are from the 1995 Aging, Status, and the Sense of Control Survey, a representative U.S. national telephone survey of 2,593 respondents aged 18 to 95, with an oversample of elderly. Results show that physical functioning and perceived health increase significantly with years of formal education and with college selectivity for those with a bachelor's or higher degree, adjusting for age, sex, race, marital status, and parental education. The credential of a college degree has no net association with physical functioning and perceived health beyond the amount attributable to the additional years of schooling. Of the three aspects of education, years of schooling has the largest effect. Most of that association appears attributable to its correlation with work and economic conditions, social psychological resources, and health lifestyle. A large portion of the net association of college selectivity with physical functioning and perceived health appears attributable to health lifestyle.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1996

Guidelines for the training, credentialing, use, and supervision of speech-language pathology assistants. Task Force on Support Personnel.

These guidelines are an official statement of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. They provide guidance on the training, credentialing, use, and supervision of one category of support personnel in speech-language pathology: speech-language pathology assistants. Guidelines are not official standards of the Association. They were developed by the Task Force on Support Personnel: Dennis J. Arnst, Kenneth D. Barker, Ann Olsen Bird, Sheila Bridges, Linda S. DeYoung, Katherine Formichella, Nena M. Germany, Gilbert C. Hanke, Ann M. Horton, DeAnne M. Owre, Sidney L. Ramsey, Cathy A. Runnels, Brenda Terrell, Gerry W. Werven, Denise West, Patricia A. Mercaitis (consultant), Lisa C. O'Connor (consultant), Frederick T. Spahr (coordinator), Diane Paul-Brown (associate coordinator), Ann L. Carey (Executive Board liaison). The 1994 guidelines supersede the 1981 guidelines entitled, "Guidelines for the Employment and Utilization of Supportive Personnel" (Asha, March 1981, 165-169). Refer to the 1995 position statement on the "Training, Credentialing, Use, and Supervision of Support Personnel in Speech-Language Pathology" (Asha, 37 [Suppl. 14], 21).

Humans↗
PubMed1995

The pediatric clerkship director. Support systems, professional development, and academic credentials.

Since the advent of the clerkship at The Johns Hopkins Medical School in the late 19th century, this model has been the backbone of clinical training for medical students throughout the world. Despite the pervasiveness of clerkships, little information exists about the faculty that oversees them administratively. We documented the reported academic credentials, professional development, and support systems for pediatric clerkship directors in the United States and Canada. Our findings should be useful to clerkship directors and department chairpersons across disciplines.

Achievement↗
PubMed2000

Credentialing physicians: challenges for continuing medical education.

BACKGROUND: Professionals involved in the regulation, credentialing, and certification of physicians around the world met in Chicago in June 2000 to discuss systems to ensure the competence of physicians. We learned that public demand for evidence of continuing competence in practice is driving the profession in most countries to explore new approaches to the education and assessment of physicians. Most groups have called the value of traditional continuing medical education (CME) into question and are exploring the use of self-directed CME methods, self-assessment, and quality improvement as the main instruments for maintenance of certification. It seems likely that teachers will be required to integrate assessment with enhancement of competencies, in much the same way that a coach uses an athlete's performance as a basis for continuous improvement. Recognizing the tough challenges ahead and the demand for CME to adapt to complement future plans for continuous assessment of physician competence, conference participants agreed to create a communication network that would facilitate information sharing and avoid duplication of research efforts.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2006

Radiation management and credentialing of fluoroscopy users.

During the last 15 years, developments in X-ray technologies have substantially improved the ability of practitioners to treat patients using fluoroscopically guided interventional techniques. Many of these procedures require a greater use of fluoroscopy and more recording of images. This increases the potential for radiation-induced dermatitis and epilation, as well as severe radiation-induced burns to patients. Many fluoroscope operators are untrained in radiation management and do not realize that these procedures increase the risk of radiation injury and radiation-induced cancer in personnel as well as patients. The hands of long-time fluoroscope operators in some cases exhibit radiation damage-especially when sound radiation protection practices have not been followed. In response, the Center for Devices and Radiological Health of the United States Food and Drug Administration has issued an Advisory calling for proper training of operators. Hospitals and administrators need to support and enforce the need for this training by requiring documentation of credentials in radiation management as a prerequisite for obtaining fluoroscopy privileges. A concerted effort on the part of professional medical organizations and regulatory agencies will be required to train fluoroscopy users to prevent physicians from unwittingly imparting serious radiation injuries to their patients.

Credentialing↗
PubMed1993

Credentialing in medicine.

This article describes the history and process of credentialing: accreditation of programs and certification of individual practitioners. Under accreditation, general (institutional) and discipline-specific requirements, both for residencies and fellowships, are considered, along with possible outcomes and the appeals mechanism for an unfavorable review. Under certification, the relationship between individual specialty boards and the American Board of Medical Specialties is defined, followed by a consideration of the principles underlying subspecialty certification and recertification. It is concluded that enforced standards of learning are one of the pillars of accountability upon which a profession must rest; that if medicine abdicates its responsibility to impose credible standards on itself, its place will be taken by very interested, but less knowledgeable, others; and that we must, therefore, rededicate ourselves to the requirement of reasonable standards as a professional obligation and use the best means possible to meet that responsibility.

Accreditation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An update on the credentialing of midwives by the ACNM.

This paper chronicles the events that took place between April 1994 and February 1995 specific to setting the standard for professional midwifery in the United States through the credentialing of midwives (other than nurse-midwives) by the American College of Nurse-Midwives (ACNM). A collection of documents that record the actions of ACNM leaders and the views of ACNM members related to this issue is also provided. The ACNM Board of Directors has determined that any non-nurse who is a graduate of an ACNM Division of Accreditation accredited midwifery program and has passed an ACNM Certification Council (ACC) national midwifery examination will be called an ACC Certified Midwife.

Credentialing↗
PubMed2006

Simulators in competence assessment and credentialing: prospects and problems.

Systems that simulate endoscopic procedures have considerable potential in assessing endoscopic competence and assisting credentialing, but there are significant problems. If it can be shown that simulation tests correlate with real performance, the questions will be how to pay for the infrastructure and staff and how to motivate endoscopists to use them.

Clinical Competence↗