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PubMed1994

[A successful surgical treatment for type IA cor triatriatum with an unroofed coronary sinus].

The combination of type IA cor triatriatum (Lucas-Schmidt's classification) and unroofed coronary sinus is very rare in congenital heart diseases. We have presented the first successful surgical treatment for an infant who had this combination. The patient was 10-month-old infant who admitted with cardiac murmur and short stature. Echocardiography revealed that an abnormal septum in the left atrium and dilated coronary sinus. Under cardiopulmonary bypass she underwent surgical treatment which consisted of a resection of the intra-left-atrial diaphragma, closure of ASD with an equine pericardial patch. During operation, unroofed coronary sinus (partially unroofed terminal portion of the coronary sinus) was revealed. Her postoperative course was uneventful.

Cor Triatriatum↗
PubMed2001

Diagnosis and management of cor triatriatum dexter in a Pyrenean mountain dog and an Akita Inu.

Cor Triatriatum Dexter is a rare, congenital cardiac defect in which the right atrium is partitioned into two compartments, effectively creating a triatrial heart. The clinical signs exhibited by the patient usually relate to impeded venous return via the caudal vena cava. The two dogs in this report both displayed ascites from a young age and grew poorly. In both cases the diagnosis was made during echocardiographic examination and was confirmed by angiography. Both dogs were successfully treated by resection of the partitioning membrane within the right atrium, using hypothermia and inflow occlusion to achieve a clear surgical field. Both dogs recovered well, their clinical signs resolved and they have grown to normal adult size.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Cor triatriatum sinistrum and persistent left superior vena cava: an original association.

Cor triatriatum sinistrum is a rare congenital heart disease usually diagnosed in symptomatic children. Symptoms depend on the degree of obstruction to pulmonary venous return with pulmonary hypertension and other associated abnormalities. Persistent left superior vena cava is quite a common congenital heart disease (about 0.5% in healthy populations). It should be suspected every time a dilated coronary sinus is detected at the echo examination. Transthoracic and transoesophageal examinations visualize the site and the size of the fibrous membrane as well as the degree of obstruction, and allow the evaluation of pulmonary pressures that are very important clues for prognosis and therapy. This case report describes the clinical signs and the diagnostic ultrasound findings evaluated in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging, a well-defined gold standard in heart disease of this uncommon congenital association.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1993

[Cor triatriatum associated with inter-atrial defect: diagnosis by transesophageal echocardiography].

Cor triatriatum (CT) is a rare malformation consisting of a fibromuscolar membrane that subdivides the left atrium in a postero-superior (or accessory) chamber and an antero-inferior chamber (true left atrium, containing the left atrial appendage). In its classic form, the accessory chamber receives the pulmonary veins and communication with the left atrium is accomplished by way of one or more fenestrations in the membrane. The malformation is usually isolated, but in about one in four patients is associated with other congenital defects of a complex nature. We describe a case of CT associated with atrial septal defect, in which transthoracic echocardiography failed to document the existence of CT membrane, while this abnormality was clearly seen and defined by use of transesophageal echocardiography. The patient was a 26 year-old girl, presented at our outpatient clinic after an episode of palpitations and dyspnea, which lasted for two hours. She suffered of mild dyspnea on exertion during the last three months. Physical examination revealed the typical findings of an atrial septal defect (ASD), and the electrocardiogram revealed right bundle branch block. The two-dimensional echocardiography disclosed an ostium secundum ASD with left to right shunt; dilatation of the right cavities; paradoxical movement of the interventricular septum. A small linear echo originating from the lateral wall of the left atrium, with no evidence of turbulent flow on pulsed wave Doppler and color flow examination, was interpreted as an artifact. Transesophageal echocardiography clearly visualized a tense, bulging membrane separating left atrium into two chambers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1985

Sarcoidosis mimicking cor triatriatum. Echolucency of adenopathy due to sarcoidosis.

A 20-year-old man with sarcoidosis presented with the echocardiographic findings of cor triatriatum. Computed tomography of the chest and digital subtraction angiography of the heart revealed that the patient had massive retrocardiac lymphadenopathy and normal cardiac anatomy. This is the first report demonstrating the echolucency of sarcoid lymphadenopathy and the mimicking of cor triatriatum by such adenopathy fortuitously positioned.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Cor triatriatum with mitral regurgitation in a 52-year-old male.

The clinical, echocardiographic, and cineangiographic features of the oldest known living case of cor triatriatum are presented. Mitral regurgitation, also found in this patient, has been reported on only two previous occasions to coexist with other wise uncomplicated cor triatriatum. The value of two-dimensional echocardiography in the identification of this congenital anomaly is confirmed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Coexistence of divided left atrium (cor triatriatum) and tetralogy of Fallot.

The association of a partitioned left atrium (cor triatriatum) and tetralogy of Fallot has been reported a few times in the literature. In all of these cases, there was no clinical evidence of an obstructive lesion in the left heart, raising difficulties in establishing the proper diagnosis. We call attention to this rare combination of anomalies and to the particular morphological presentation of the dividing atrial shelf, which was partially formed by the wall of the left superior caval vein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[Usefulness of the preoperative MRI for diagnosis and operative method in a case of cor triatriatum].

A case was 6-year-old female diagnosed as the cor triatriatum. The magnetic resonance imaging synchronized at R wave on the electrocardiogram was performed in order to see the abnormal septum in the left atrium. In the horizontal view, the abnormal septum that divides the left atrium into the accessory left atrial chamber and the true left atrium, was well visualized. This septum lied on the vertical portion. Operation was carried out with the approach through the accessory chamber and the fibromuscular membrane were excised. Preoperative imaging of the MRI was useful and helpful for us to reach to a decision of the surgical approach in this patient.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1990

[A surgical case of cor triatriatum complicated by arterial multiple embolism in adult].

A 30 year old male developed sudden chest pain while driving his car and was subsequently admitted to our hospital. Cardiac catheterization and arteriography revealed multiple embolism in the right coronary artery, the right renal artery and the both popliteal arteries. Thrombus was also suspected in the left atrium by echocardiography. Emergent surgery was performed to prevent recurrence of embolism, IA type cor triatriatum (according to the Lucus-Schmidt classification) and 3 x 1 cm thrombus in the accessory chamber was found. The thrombus was extracted and the abnormal septum was satisfactorily resected. The postoperative course was favourable and the patient returned to the community after discharge. Cases of cor triatriatum complicated by multiple arterial embolism are very rare and have not been reported in Japan yet. For this reason we present this case with additional discussion from literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

[Nonobstructive cor triatriatum].

Our experience refers to a 50-years-old man with isolated nonobstructive cor triatriatum sinistrum. He was evaluated casually for essential hypertension.

Cor Triatriatum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cor triatriatum. Anatomical forms and surgical treatment of 6 consecutive cases].

Six cases of cor triatriatum documented and operated on at Henri-Mondor hospital between 1980 and 1984 are reported. Ages at the time of surgery ranged from 8 months to 57 years. Four of the 6 patients presented with pulmonary hypertension. Anatomic types consisted of 4 diaphragmatic types and 2 more complex malformations. Associated lesions were present in all but one patients. They consisted mostly of interatrial defects (depending on their position with regard to the intra-atrial membrane, they play a determinant role in the symptomatology) and of a left superior vena cava (which might play a role in the embryogenesis of the malformation). Except for one early postoperative death, results of surgery were excellent for all patients, with a mean follow-up of 5 years. This series, compared with the literature, allows precising the embryologic and anatomic aspects of the malformation and the surgical techniques in complex types.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Raghib's syndrome associated with cor triatriatum--a rare surgical case report].

A 27-year-old male with a history of congenital heart disease was admitted for pre-operative evaluation of a cardiac malformation. Echocardiography and cardiac catheterization revealed an incomplete endocardial cushion defect with a persistent left superior vena cava which drained into the left atrium but echo-cardiographic evidence of an abnormal intra-atrial septum was not found. The patient was placed on cardiopulmonary bypass and prepared for the surgical correction of his primary cardiac lesion. Intra-cardiac examination during reconstruction of Raghib's syndrome also revealed the presence of cor triatriatum. Reghib's syndrome is characterized by the combination of abnormal drainage from the left superior vena cava into the left atrium, the presence of an atrial septal defect and the absence of a coronary sinus. To prevent secondary complications such as a brain abscess, we redirected blood flow from the left superior vena cava to the right atrium utilizing a trimmed woven dacron vascular graft that was placed in the intra-atrial position. Mitral valvoplasty, excision of the obstructing diaphragm and atrial septation were also performed successfully. Although the literature has described the surgical repair of Raghib's syndrome, its correction in combination with cor triatriatum is considered to be extremely rare.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cor triatriatum: unusual cause of transient ischaemic attacks in a 67-year-old man.

Cor triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiac malformation, and in its most common form is characterised by a membrane that separates the left atrium into a proximal and distal chamber. First manifestation in adulthood has been reported previously, but at 67 years of age this patient is one of the oldest to present for the first time. It was diagnosed after a probable TIA, episodic vertigo and central retinal artery occlusion. The value of echocardiography in patients with neurological disease of presumed embolic origin is demonstrated here.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Cor triatriatum. Echo/Doppler diagnosis followed by immediate surgical correction. Report of a clinical case].

As Cor Triatriatum is a rare congenital cardiopathy and benign after corrective surgery, decisive means of diagnosis are essential. The AA review some descriptive theoretical concepts and make reference to the difficulties, present at times, in diagnosis by cardiac catheterization. They consider Eco-Doppler to be the means of excellence for its recognition describing all aspects that point to the diagnosis of this pathology. Described is the case of a 12 month old baby, in whom some semiological findings had lead to a wrong diagnosis. In the discussion, additional diagnosis is eliminated due to some anatomic characteristics defined by echocardiography.

Cor Triatriatum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Remnants of the embryologic sinus venosus valves. "Cor triatriatum dexter" (author's transl)].

Remnants of the embryologic sinus venosus valves are not uncommon. However, persistent venous valves in the right atrium, which are large enough to obstruct the blood flow through the tricuspid valve (the so called cor triatriatum dexter) are very rare. There are 3 different types according to the location of the right atrial membrane. Right heart chambers hyoplasia is the most common association. Concurrent lesions of lesser degree have also been described. Although isolated cor triatriatum dexter could be symptomatic, both the clinical features and the prognosis usually are the consequence of the associated malformations. A review of the embryological aspects is offered.

Adult↗