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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

functional analysis of conserved gene products involved in assembly of Escherichia coli capsules and exopolysaccharides: evidence for molecular recognition between Wza and Wzc for colanic acid biosynthesis.

Group 1 capsular polysaccharides (CPSs) of Escherichia coli and some loosely cell-associated exopolysaccharides (EPSs), such as colanic acid, are assembled by a Wzy-dependent polymerization system. In this biosynthesis pathway, Wza, Wzb, and Wzc homologues are required for surface expression of wild-type CPS or EPS. Multimeric complexes of Wza in the outer membrane are believed to provide a channel for polymer export; Wzc is an inner membrane tyrosine autokinase and Wzb is its cognate phosphatase. This study was performed to determine whether the Wza, Wzb, and Wzc proteins for colanic acid expression in E. coli K-12 could function in the E. coli K30 prototype group 1 capsule system. When expressed together, colanic acid Wza, Wzb, and Wzc could complement a wza-wzb-wzc defect in E. coli K30, suggesting conservation in their collective function in Wzy-dependent CPS and EPS systems. Expressed individually, colanic acid Wza and Wzb could also function in K30 CPS expression. In contrast, the structural requirements for Wzc function were more stringent because colanic acid Wzc could restore translocation of K30 CPS to the cell surface only when expressed with its cognate Wza protein. Chimeric colanic acid-K30 Wzc proteins were constructed to further study this interaction. These proteins could restore K30 biosynthesis but were unable to couple synthesis to export. The chimeric protein comprising the periplasmic domain of colanic acid Wzc was functional for effective K30 CPS surface expression only when coexpressed with colanic acid Wza. These data highlight the importance of Wza-Wzc interactions in group 1 CPS assembly.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Comparative analysis identifies conserved tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 binding sites in the human and simian Epstein-Barr virus oncogene LMP1.

Nonhuman primates are naturally infected with a B-lymphotropic herpesvirus closely related to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). These simian EBV share considerable genetic, biologic, and epidemiologic features with human EBV, including virus-induced tumorigenesis. However, latent, transformation-associated viral genes demonstrate marked sequence divergence among species despite the conserved functions. We have cloned the latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) homologs from the simian EBV naturally infecting baboons (cercopithicine herpesvirus 12, herpesvirus papio) and rhesus monkeys (cercopithicine herpesvirus 15) for a comparative study with the human EBV oncogene. The transmembrane domains are well conserved, but there is striking sequence divergence of the carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic domain essential for B-cell immortalization and interaction with the tumor necrosis factor receptor signaling pathway. Nevertheless, the simian EBV LMP1s retain most functions in common with EBV LMP1, including the ability to induce NF-(kappa)B activity in human cells, to bind the tumor necrosis factor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) in vitro, and to induce expression of tumor necrosis factor-responsive genes, such as ICAM1, in human B lymphocytes. Multiple TRAF3 binding sites containing a PXQXT/S core sequence can be identified in the simian EBV LMP1s by an in vitro binding assay. A PXQXT/S-containing sequence is also present in the cytoplasmic domain of the Hodgkin's disease marker, CD30, and binds TRAF3 in vitro. The last 13 amino acids containing a PXQXT/S sequence are highly conserved in human and simian EBV LMP1 but do not bind TRAF3, suggesting a distinct role for this conserved region of LMP1. The conserved TRAF3 binding sites in LMP1 and the CD30 Hodgkin's disease marker provides further evidence that a TRAF3-mediated signal transduction pathway may be important in malignant transformation.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1996

Analysis of conserved domains of UL41 of herpes simplex virus type 1 in virion host shutoff and pathogenesis.

The herpes simplex virus type 1 virion host shutoff protein has four domains whose sequences are conserved only among neurotropic herpesviruses. Mutant viruses with 29- and 31-amino-acid deletions in domains III and IV but outside of the domain required for interaction with VP16 were generated. The mutants failed to induce cellular RNA degradation and showed impaired virulence in mice. Domains III and IV are therefore required for both shutoff and virulence.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Identification, characterization and phylogenic analysis of conserved genes within the odvp-6e/odv-e56 gene region of Choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus.

The genes that are located within the odvp-6e/odv-e56 region of the Choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (ChfuGV) were identified by sequencing the 11 kb BamHI restriction fragment on the ChfuGV genome. The global GC content that was calculated from the data obtained from this genomic region was 34.96%. The open-reading frames (ORFs), located within the odvp-6e/odv-e56 region, are presented and compared to the equivalent ORFs that are located at the same region in other GVs. This region is composed of 14 ORFs, including three ORFs that are unique to ChfuGV with no obvious homologues in other baculoviruses as well as eleven ORFs with homologues to granuloviral ORFs, such as granulin, CfORF2, pk-1, ie-1, odv-e18, p49, and odvp-6e/odv-e56. In this study, the conceptual products of seven major conserved ORFs (granulin, CfORF2, IE-1, ODV-E18, p49 and ODVP-6E/ODV-E56) were used in order to construct phylogenetic trees. Our results show that granuloviruses can be grouped in 2 distinct groups as follows: Group I; Choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (ChfuGV), Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV), Phthorimaea operculella granulovirus (PhopGV), and Adoxophyes orana granulovirus (AoGV). Group II; Xestia c-nigrum granulovirus (XcGV), Plutella xylostella granulovirus (PxGV), and Trichoplusia ni granulovirus (TnGV). The ChfuGV conserved proteins are most closely related to those of CpGV, PhopGV, and AoGV. Comparative studies, performed on gene arrangements within this region of genomes, demonstrated that three GVs from group I maintain similar gene arrangements.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2000

[Spontaneous resolution of the unruptured dissecting aneurysms of bilateral vertebral arteries with conservative treatment: analysis of the transient enlargement of aneurysmal dilatation].

A case of unruptured dissecting aneurysms of bilateral vertebral arteries was reported. A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with right Wallenberg's syndrome. On the tenth hospital day, angiography revealed a pearl and string sign in the right vertebral artery and aneurysmal dilatation in the left vertebral artery. On the 38th hospital day, the pearl and string sign in the right vertebral artery was improved, but the aneurysmal dilatation in the left vertebral artery had enlarged. On the 222nd hospital day, angiography showed a spontaneous resolution of the aneurysmal dilatation in the left vertebral artery. He suffered no recurrence and returned to his previous life style. Because aneurysmal dilatation may be resolved spontaneously, especially in the chronic stage, surgery should not be undertaken lightly.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed2002

Pharmacoeconomic analysis of conservatively treated patients with nephropathies in western Slovakia regions.

UNLABELLED: The prevalence of patients with chronic nephropathies leading to the end stage of renal failure (ESRF) is increased. The conservative therapy of patients in the phase of ESRF as well as the performance of hemodialysis represent an extensive burden on health care budgets. AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the financial expenses for medications in group of conservatively treated patients with nephropathies. PATIENTS AND METHOD: One hundred and two patients (56 females, 46 males) aged 21-84 years with nephropathies collected from three out-patient departments of nephrology in the regions of Bratislava and Nitra (Western Slovakia) were enrolled into the study. RESULTS: The total financial expenses represented 2,889,778 Sk The average expense per 1 patient/1 year was 28,331 Sk and that of 1 patient/1 day was 77.6 Sk, respectively. Antihypertensive therapy represented 1st position (29.4%) of the total financial cost followed by keto-analogs (27.5%), hypolipideamics (14.8%), drugs for disorders of calcium metabolism (14.4%) and antianaemics (6.2%), respectively. The group of "other" drugs represented 7.7% of total costs. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that the financial expenses for pharmacotherapy in conservatively treated patients with nephropathies are high, but significantly less expensive in comparison with hemodialysis (700,000-1,000,000 Sk/year/patient). The prevention and the slowing down of the progression of renal disease seem to be crucial in the management of nephropathies. The therapeutic approach in conservatively treated patients with renal diseases was rational and up to date. (Tab. 1 Fig. 5, Ref. 12. )

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[An analysis of conservative therapy in 376 patients with paraplegia after injuries of the spine].

In 376 cases of paraplegia after lesions of the vertebral column which had been treated exclusively by conservative methods we were interested in changes of the neurological status, if any, during inpatient treatment, as well as in the rate of complications, the stability of the vertebral column and the immobilisation time and period of hospitalisation. 70.7% of the patients were primarily completely paralysed at admission to hospital; 6.4% of them displayed neurological improvement, compared to 49.5% of the primarily not fully paralysed patients. With decreasing height of the site of lesion of the vertebral column the rate of neurological improvement increased to a statistically significant extent. The neurological status did not deteriorate in any of the patients. Instabilities of the vertebral column were rare in our patient material, occurring in only 0.8% of the exclusively conservatively treated lesions of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral column. The average rate of complications was 13.9%, the immobilisation time approx. 10.8 weeks and the hospitalisation period on the average 25.6 weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Analysis of conservative therapies for posterior teeth with longitudinal fractures.].

PURPOSE: To explore the ideal method for conservative therapies of posterior teeth with longitudinal fracture. METHODS: The records of 297 cases undergoing conservative treatment of posterior teeth with longitudinal fracture were analyzed regarding to the position, etiology and the time of treatment from fracture and the causes of failure. RESULTS: 258 cases were conserved effectively and 39 cases were extracted due to failure.16 cases had failure 1 week after treatment. All the patients were followed up for 2 to 10 years, and the rate of success was 86.87%. CONCLUSION: With fixed early and appropriate treatment, the teeth can be conserved effectively and exert good masticatory function .

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed2006

[Outcome analysis of conservative treatment of well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and severe atypical hyperplasia in young women].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of hormonal therapy on well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and severe atypical hyperplasia in young women aged 35 years and younger. METHODS: We retrospectively studied the clinical characteristics of 25 patients under 35 years of age (average: 28.6) diagnosed with well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma or severe atypical hyperplasia, who were treated with progestin in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 1991 to 2005. According to pathologic results, 25 patients were divided into two groups: 8 cases of endometrial carcinoma and 17 cases of severe atypical hyperplasia. In the endometrial carcinoma group, pelvic ultrasound, MRI, chest X-ray and serum CA(125) were used in pretreatment evaluation. Progesterone receptors were examined with immunohistochemical method. All patients received dilation and curettage of endometrium every 1-6 months as an assessment of treatment results. For chemotherapy, most of them were treated with medroxyprogesterone acetate. RESULTS: Six cases (6/7) in endometrial carcinoma group, and 17 cases (100%) in severe atypical hyperplasia group responded to treatment respectively; among them, 5 cases (5/7) and 14 cases (82%) had complete response, which was defined as the absence of any carcinoma or hyperplasia on endometrial samplings; one case (1/5) and 3 cases (21%) recurred within 6 to 30 months after their complete response. Follow-up on 14 patients with complete response, and the desire for childbearing showed that none of the 4 cases of endometrial carcinoma had conceived a pregnancy and 4 (40%) patients had pregnancy for totally 7 times of 10 cases of severe atypical hyperplasia. Three patients delivered full-term fetuses with induced ovulation, one of whom had artificial abortion 3 times after her delivery. One patient was lost to follow up after her spontaneous pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Progestin therapy is a good choice for young women having fertility desires diagnosed with well-differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma or severe atypical hyperplasia. Endometrial carcinoma patients should be selected carefully before therapy. Pregnant rate is not satisfactory after conservative treatment. Assistant reproductive technology is potentially helpful to improve pregnant rate of patients responded to progestin therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Mutational analysis of conserved residues in the tyrosine kinase domain of the human trk oncogene.

The human trk oncogene (originally identified in a colon carcinoma) was activated by a genetic rearrangement which resulted in replacement of the extracellular ligand-binding domain of the proto-trk transmembrane receptor by non-muscle tropomyosin sequences. The product of the trk oncogene, a protein of 70 kDa (p70trk), possesses tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity, is autophosphorylated in vitro on tyrosine and is phosphorylated on serine, threonine and tyrosine residues in trk-transformed cells. By site-directed mutagenesis of trk oncogene cDNA, the codon for lysine (367) at the putative ATP-binding site was changed to that for methionine and the codons for tyrosines (503 and 504) at the putative autophosphorylation sites were changed to those for phenylalanine. Replacement of Lys-367 by methionine results in a biologically inactive, kinase-negative mutant. Phe-ala mutants of trk showed drastically reduced ability to induce morphologic transformation, anchorage-independent growth and tumorigenicity in mouse NIH3T3 cells and showed reduced in vitro tyrosine kinase activity when assayed by autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of histone as exogenous substrate. The present study indicates the role of these specific conserved residues in regulating the biochemical and biological properties of p70trk oncoprotein.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMed1977

[Comparative analysis of conservative and surgical treatment of the imminent myocardial infarct].

It is reported on 108 patients with the symptoms of the impending myocardial infarction, of whom 80 patients were treated conservatively. 51 patients developed a fresh definitive myocardial infarction. 28 patients were surgically treated, 5 of them died. Therefore, in patients with instable angina pectoris the possibility of an early coronary-surgical intervention should be taken into consideration to prevent the development of a definitive myocardial infarction.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

A retrospective analysis of conservative versus active management in severe open myelomeningocele.

88 patients with thoraco-lumbar myelomeningocele not operated upon in the 1976-1977 period were compared with 76 patients with the same condition operated upon in the 1964-1971 period. There was no significant difference in sex and hydrocephalus at birth in the two groups. Mortality was less in the surgically treated group only after the age of three months. Ventriculitis appeared to be related to the incidence of hydrocephalus in the surgically treated group. There was a reduced risk of developing progressive hydrocephalus after birth in the untreated group, and the neurological status of the survivors at one year was the same in both groups. Interpreting the results as indicating that early surgery increased the incidence of progressive hydrocephalus and ventriculitis, and might increase survival of more disabled infants, then non-surgical treatment is justified since survivors are no worse as a result of this non-active approach.

Cerebral Ventricles↗