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PubMed1988

Irritant contact dermatitis due to a Chinese herbal medicine lu-shen-wan.

A Chinese herbal medicine Lu-Shen-Wan, which contains 6 ingredients, is sometimes applied topically to treat boils, carbuncles and other skin infections. 2 elderly women developed a rash after applying Lu-Shen-Wan. Patch tests showed positive reactions to Lu-Shen-Wan and to one of its 6 ingredients, Venenum Bufonis. A study in 15 control patients showed that 13 had positive reactions to 50% Lu-Shen-Wan and 50% Venenum Bufonis but that only 2 showed mild reactions when the concentration of the latter was reduced to 5%. The results suggest that Venenum Bufonis in Lu-Shen-Wan can cause irritant contact dermatitis. The present paper demonstrates that a Western dermatological investigative method, the patch test, is applicable to traditional medicine in confirming the cause of contact dermatitis from a Chinese herbal preparation and in identifying the causative ingredient. Such knowledge is very useful for the improvement of the preparation by reducing the concentration of the irritant, by removing it or by substituting it with an alternative non-irritant substance.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1989

The effects of vandellia cordifolia on renal functions and arterial blood pressure.

Vandellia cordifolia (COLSM) G. DON of Scrophulariaceae (V. cordifolia) is an annual wild herb indigenous to Taiwan. It can be found in plains, low altitudes, swampy places, and paddy fields. Taiwanese folk physicians use it in "nephritis, uremia, furnucle, carbuncle." The LD50 (95% confidence limit) of the crude extract of V. codifolia given by the oral route was more than 10 g/kg in rats. By the intraperitoneal route, it was 4.6 g/kg (4.35-4.93). The extraction rate was 16.6%. We studied its effects on renal functions and blood pressure and found that (1) it had diuretic effect on normal rats, (2) it decreased glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow on normal kidneys in rabbits, (3) it had no effects on glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow on glycerin-induced insufficient kidneys in rabbits, (4) it had diuretic effects on both normal and glycerin-induced insufficient kidneys in rabbits, (5) it could inhibit Na+ and K+ reabsorption on normal and glycerin-induced insufficient kidneys in rabbits, (6) it had hypertensive effect and this effect could be blocked by phenoxybenzamine. From the above facts, we conclude that V. cordifolia has diuretic effect and it may act on renal tubules to inhibit Na+ and K+ reabsorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections with cefadroxil, a new oral cephalosporin.

Oral cefadroxil in doses of 0-6-1-8 g per day given on twice or three times daily schedules was effective in the treatment of thirty-six patients with infections such as abscesses, carbuncles, cellulitis, furunculosis and impetigo. Staphylococcus aureus strains and beta-haemolytic streptococci, alone or in combination, were cultured from lesions before treatment. In vitro studies with test discs showed that all the organisms were sensitive to cefadroxil, but twenty-three of twenty-nine S aureus strains and one of the seven streptococci strains were resistant to penicillin G. Pre- and post-treatment laboratory tests of renal, hepatic and haematopoietic functions produced no evidence of drug toxicity. The cefadroxil dosage effective in this study is lower than that recommended for currently available oral cephalosporins, which must be given on a four times daily schedule.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Clinico-laboratory effectiveness of modern ointments with a polyethylene glycol base in the treatment of purulent wounds].

The 25-year experience with the underbandage treatment of soft tissue purulent wounds of various location and genesis with modern ointments with polyethylene glycol as the basis was analyzed. Levocin, levomecole, dioxycole, 5-percent dioxydinic, 1-percent iodopyronic, 0.5-percent quinifuryl and furagel ointments proved to preserve their high activity against aerobic grampositive and gramnegative flora. 10-percent mafenide acetate ointment had a high selective effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The new ointments nitacid and streptonitole containing nitazole and white streptocide were highly active against both aerobic and anaerobic infections. The use of the ointments with the polyethylene glycol as the basis made it possible to decrease 2 times the period of the patient hospitalization in surgical units and to shorten the terms of the systemic antibacterial therapy. The marked therapeutic effect of such ointments due to their high dehydrating capacity and broad antibacterial spectrum enabled to consider them as the drugs of choice in the local treatment of purulent wounds during the 1st phase of the wound process, trophic and decubic ulcers, infected burns, diabetic and atherosclerotic gangrene, furuncles, carbuncles, mastitis, etc. The ointments in the water soluble vehicle can be as well used with success for the prophylactic treatment of infected wounds after the suture. The multitarget effect of the ointments in the water soluble vehicle and their ability to prevent severe purulent complications permitted to consider them as the 1st order drugs in cases of emergency.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1992

[The combined treatment of acute suppurative diseases of the fingers and hand using decamethoxin].

The authors discuss the results of complex treatment of 286 patients with acute pyoinflammatory diseases of the fingers and hand with the use of a new Soviet-produced antiseptic decametoxin. Panaris was diagnosed in 196 (68.5%), phlegmons and abscesses in 82 (29.7%), furuncle in 6 (2.1%) and carbuncle in 2 (0.7%) patients. 224 (78.4%) patients received out-patient and 62 (21.6%) in-patient treatment. The authors established that as the result of the applied complex treatment with the use of various antiseptic compositions containing decametoxin the mean duration of treatment was 7.8 days. The article discusses the causes of the disease, the methods of operative treatment, and management of patients in the postoperative period.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Radiodiagnosis of kidney diseases in a municipal hospital].

Ultrasonic (US) examinations of the urinary tract of 2384 patients have revealed pathologic shifts in 725 cases; x-ray examinations had to be carried out in 632 of these to specify the diagnosis. X-Ray and US-based radiodiagnosis of a wide spectrum of renal diseases, carried out at a common municipal hospital, promotes a better diagnosis. Employment of US examinations as a screening method helps recognize renal hypoplasia, cystic diseases, and an acute inflammatory process, renal carbuncle, fairly well. The diagnosis of other renal abnormalities, urolithiasis, hydronephrotic transformations, tumors and injuries still has to be specified by routine x-ray methods.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Changes in practice morbidity between the 1970 and 1981 national morbidity surveys.

The primary aim of the study was to evaluate practice differences in reported morbidity in the second and third national morbidity surveys (1970/71, 1981/82) and to discuss their cause. A secondary aim concerned the validation of trends identified from analysis of the data from the total populations in the practices. Altogether 19 practices participated in both surveys. Annual prevalences (that is, the number of patients attending the general practitioner with a condition per 1000 persons at risk) were examined for: all conditions; each of three categories of seriousness of disease; diseases aggregated by chapter of the International classification of diseases; and each of 130 rubrics of the disease classification. Annual prevalence for 'all conditions' was approximately the same for males in both surveys, whereas for females there was an increase. In both sexes, annual prevalence for 'serious conditions' increased slightly and for 'trivial conditions' increased substantially. For 'intermediate conditions', there was a modest decrease in males. In the analysis at ICD chapter level, substantial increases in prevalence occurred in infectious diseases, nervous system diseases, circulatory diseases, genitourinary diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions, injuries and poisonings. Decreases were found in blood diseases, mental disorders and digestive diseases. Among 130 individual conditions examined, increased annual prevalence was found for mumps, fungal infections, hypothyroidism, diabetes, gout, senile dementia, angina, left heart failure, catarrh, hay fever and asthma, orchitis, acne, osteoarthritis and for some symptoms. Decreases were found for iron deficiency anaemia, anxiety state, refractive errors, haemorrhoids, chronic bronchitis, functional disorders of the stomach, carbuncle and skin infections.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Etiology, diagnosis and therapy of soft tissue infections].

Soft tissue infections are caused by a multitude of bacteria. Their pathogenicity depends on the ability to adhere to surfaces, certain characteristics of the cell wall, exoenzymes or exotoxins, and endotoxins. Because etiologic classification of soft tissue infections is not satisfactory, we propose a clinical classification. 1. Abscesses are caused by staphylococci (carbuncle or suppurative hydroadenitis) or by polymicrobial infections (most subcutaneous abscesses). They are treated by incision and drainage and primary closure of the skin after drainage and curettage is often successful. Only in special cases are antibiotics indicated. 2. Cellulitis mostly caused by streptococci responds well to antibiotic therapy without surgery. 3. Ulcerative lesions i.e. pseudomonal gangrene and Meleney's gangrene need specific antibiotic therapy and complete excision with delayed grafting.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

[Fibronectin binding to Staphylococcus aureus in experimental staphylococcal skin infection in mice].

Staphylococcus aureus infection of skin was produced in cyclophosphamide-treated mice by intracutaneous inoculation of a strain in this organism clinically isolated from a carbuncle. Deposition and binding of fibronectin in initial stage of the infection were followed by immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy. Fibronectin began to deposit in a fine granular pattern in the dermis and musculocutaneous layer at 2 minutes after the inoculation and gradually increased with time. Fibronectin binding on the surface of staphylococcal cells was seen after 12 hours of inoculation. At 24 hours two patterns of binding were seen. In one pattern, fibronectin was bound to a part of the cell surface of the microorganisms. The fibronectin binding parts were seen very close or attached to the fibrin-like-structure and dermal connective tissues. This suggests that fibronectin helped staphylococcus cells to attach to fibrin or connective tissues. The other pattern of fibronectin binding was the binding of fibronectin all around the cells. This pattern could be interpreted as inhibition by fibronectin of staphylococcus attachment to the fibrins and the tissues.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[A clinical study on S6472, sustained release preparation of cefaclor, dermatological area].

We conducted a clinical investigation on the use of S6472, an sustained release preparation of cefaclor, in the dermatological area. Thirty-two patients serving as subjects were divided into group I (14 cases, including folliculitis and acne pustulora), group II (16 cases, including furuncle, furunculosis and carbuncle) and others (2 cases). One or 2 wrappers (375 or 750 mg) of S6472 were orally administered to patients twice daily after meals. In group I, the efficacy rate was 100%. Clinical results were as follows: Excellent (6 cases), good (8 cases), fair (0), and poor (0). In group II, the efficacy rate was 93.8%: Excellent (10 cases), good (5 cases), fair (1 case), and poor (0). A decrease of the bacteriological effect was observed in 1 case with Staphylococcus epidermidis. A superinfection was noted in 1 case Staphylococcus aureus. The causative bacteria were all eradicated in the remaining 24 cases. No side effects were detected. From the above results, S6472 appears to be a useful preparation, twice daily oral administration has excellent effects against dermatological infections.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Bacteriology of pyodermas and antibiograms of pathogens.

One hundred and seventy six cases of various clinical types of pyodermas were investigated to find the causative organism of the disease. Folliculitis formed the largest clinical group followed by infectious eczematoid dermatitis, secondary infection, furuncles, impetigo, ecthyma and carbuncle in descending order of frequency. A total of 189 micro-organisms were isolated from the specimens examined. A single infecting organism was isolated from 74.43% and more than one type of organism from 16.48% of cases. Coagulase positive staphylococcus (73.02%) was the predominant species followed by beta-haemolytic streptococcus (26.98%). Coagulase positive staphylococcus was isolated from 109 (61.93%), beta-haemolytic streptococcus from 22 (12.5%) and both these organisms from 29 (16.48%) cases. The antibiotic resistance pattern showed maximum resistance to penicillin followed by ampicillin. None of the strain was found to be resistant to kanamycin. Low percentage of strains were found to be resistant to streptomycin, oxytetracycline, trimethoprim, cloxacillin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, cephalexin, gentamycin and neomycin.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1985

[Clinical and bacteriological evaluation of TMS-19-Q in superficial suppurative skin and soft tissue infection].

Clinical effectiveness of TMS-19-Q, a new macrolide antibiotic, was evaluated in superficial infectious diseases classified into 6 groups at 13 departments of dermatology. The results obtained were as follows: Final global improvement rating in 311 cases were excellent in 91, good in 158, fair in 45 and poor in 17 and the effective rate was 80.1%. Effective rates in each group were 71.1% in 1st group (folliculitis and acne pustulosa), 78.6% in 2nd group (furuncle, furunculosis and carbuncle), 100% in 3rd group (impetigo), 76.9% in 4th group (phlegmone, superficial lymphangitis, erysipelas and infectious paronychia), 88.7% in 5th group (inflammatory atheroma, subcutaneous abscess, hidradenitis suppurative and acne conglobata) and 77.3% in 6th group (secondary infection). Dominant strains isolated were S. aureus (40.7%), S. epidermidis (26.9%) and anaerobic bacteria (20.8%). S. aureus was frequently isolated from most of all disease. On the other hand, S. epidermidis and anaerobic bacteria were isolated mainly from 1st and 5th group. Optimum daily doses would be over 600 mg. Slight adverse reactions such as gastrointestinal disorders, eruption and malaise were observed in 12 cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Bacterial infections of the skin. I: primary and secondary infections.

Bacterial skin infections are important to recognize because we have the means to eradicate almost all of them. Primary skin infections are mainly caused by staphylococci or streptococci. Staphylococci infections present as furuncles and carbuncles, superficial folliculitis, impetigo or rarely the Scalded Skin Syndrome. Streptococcal infections present as impetigo, ecthyma, erysipelas or cellulitis. Corynebacteria causes erythrasma, trichomycosis or pitted keratolysis. Gram-negative primary skin infections, although uncommon, may occur; bacterial cultures are generally necessary for diagnosis. Secondary bacterial infections of pre-existing wounds, burns, dermatitic skin, or retention cysts are common events.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Case of recurrent human anthrax occurring several weeks after the primary disease].

The carbuncle was located on the back of the right hand in the primary anthrax infection and on the lower third of the right leg in the secondary infection. In both cases the diagnosis of anthrax was confirmed bacteriologically and by the anthraxin test. The course of the secondary infection was less severe. The conclusion on the possibility for rare cases of anthrax recurring has been made. This fact may be important for the assessment of immunity.

Anthrax↗
PubMed1995

[Results and substantiation of surgical strategy in acute suppurative-destructive pyelonephritis in pregnant women].

The effectiveness of treatment of acute purulent pyelonephritis in 2.256 pregnant women from 1986 to 1992 was analysed. 95-97% of them had diffuse purulent (nondestructive) pyelonephritis which was cured by drug treatment. Pyodestructive manifestations (apostematosis, carbuncle, abscess of the kidney) of uni- (84.8%) and bilateral (15.2%) pyelonephritis were found in 85 (3.8%) of the patients. Signs of pyoseptic intoxication predominated in the clinical picture. Antibacterial and detoxification therapy was applied in the pre- and postoperative periods. The choice of the surgical tactics and operative method was based on the peculiarities of the clinical course, the revealed complications, and the anatomical changes in the kidney. Nephrostomy and antibacterial therapy are sufficient for curing the apostematic form. Patients with a bilateral affection were treated by operative stage-by-stage kidney drainage (nephrostomy). When economical operations were ineffective clinically (9.4%), secondary nephrectomy was indicated. Primary nephrectomy is an adequate surgical intervention in cases of a total destructive process in the kidney, grave septic manifestations, and a toxic response of the liver. The high proportion of nephrectomies (37.6%) is explained by the clinicoanatomical severity of focal-purulent pyelonephritis and its complications (sepsis) which hazard the life in pregnancy. Pliant surgical tactics in the treatment of severe forms of pyodestructive pyelonephritis ensured clinical cure of 96.5% of patients and uneventful delivery in 91.8% of cases. Death occurred from sepsis and bacteriotoxic shock which developed due to purulent pyelonephritis of pregnancy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

[Organ-preserving surgeries and nephrectomy in pregnant women with severe forms of acute suppurative destructive pyelonephritis].

The results of surgical treatment of pyodestructive pyelonephritis in 105 (4.2%) pregnant women and puerperae out of 2506 ones treated in the urology department from 1986 to 1994 are analyzed. Uni- and bilateral apostematous nephritis, carbuncle and abscess of the kidney were diagnosed in 89 and 16 patients, respectively. Nephrostomy was the principal method of treatment of focal suppurative forms of acute pyelonephritis. Bilateral nephrostomy was carried out in 12 pregnant patients, in 3 of them secondary nephrectomy was performed. Nephrectomy is indicated in total destruction of the kidneys, it was made in 37 (35.2%) pregnant women and puerperae. Introduction of radical surgery into practical treatment of neglected forms of pyodestructive pyelonephritis led to almost total liquidation of postoperative mortality in pregnant women. The efficacy of treatment of pregnant women is provided by varying in extension surgical interventions on the kidneys. Organ-sparing and radical operations in grave purulent pyelonephritis were effective in 97.2% of pregnant patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Bacterial urinary tract infections in diabetes.

Bacterial UTIs are a common problem in patients with diabetes mellitus. Bacteriuria is more common in diabetic women than in non-diabetics owing to a combination of host and local risk factors. Upper tract disease is also more common in this group. Diabetics are at higher risk for intrarenal abscess, with a spectrum of disease ranging from acute focal bacterial pyelonephritis to renal corticomedullary abscess to the renal carbuncle. A number of uncommon complicated UTIs, such as emphysematous pyelonephritis and emphysematous pyelitis, occur more frequently in diabetics. Because of the frequency and severity of UTI in diabetics, prompt diagnosis and early therapy is warranted.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of ultrasonic scanning in optimizing the therapy of gestational pyelonephritis].

Urinary tracts were examined by ultrasonic scanning (US) of the kidneys in 130 patients with gestational pyelonephritis. The scanning provided a rapid diagnosis of parenchymal and paranephric fat lesions, of urinary tract occlusion, location of concrements, congenital and acquired renal defects, abscesses, carbuncles. The follow-up US controls the inflammation, permitting differential treatment under reduced exposure to x-rays and radionuclides.

Combined Modality Therapy↗