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PubMedDate not supplied

Influence of dental status on nutritional status of geriatric patients in a convalescent and rehabilitation hospital.

PURPOSE: To investigate 6 dental statuses as risk factors for malnutrition in geriatric patients admitted to a convalescent and rehabilitation hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty (59 men and 61 women) geriatric patients admitted to a convalescent and rehabilitation hospital were recruited. Three biochemical and hematologic parameters (albumin, hemoglobin, and lymphocyte count) were used for analysis. Malnutrition was defined as Body Mass Index (BMI) below 18.5 and albumin level under 35 g/L. The number of natural or prosthetic teeth in the dentate patients, and the presence of one or both dentures in the edentate patients, were recorded. Risk factors associated with malnutrition were investigated, namely: (1) edentulism among all patients, (2) edentulism without a set of complete dentures among all patients, (3) edentulism without a set of complete dentures among the edentate patients, (4) decreased number (< 6) of occluding pairs of natural or prosthetic teeth among the dentate patients, (5) decreased number (< 5) of posterior occluding pairs of natural or prosthetic teeth among the dentate patients, and (6) absence of posterior occluding pairs of natural or prosthetic teeth among the dentate patients. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni multiple comparisons were used to determine if significant differences in the anthropometric, biochemical, and hematologic parameters existed between the patients with different dental statuses. The odds ratio and significance of 6 dental statuses as risk factors of malnutrition were calculated (P = .05). RESULTS: BMI, albumin, and hemoglobin levels of the malnourished patients were significantly lower than those of nourished patients (P < .05). Lymphocyte count was not significantly different between the 2 patient groups (P > .05). The status of edentate patients without a set of complete dentures compared with other edentate and dentate patients was the only independent risk factor (P < .05) in the 6 statuses studied. CONCLUSION: Primary healthcare workers caring for hospitalized geriatric patients should identify edentate patients without a set of complete dentures for the possibility of malnutrition.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of acute viral hepatitis with a prolonged convalescence and protracted course].

The paper presents the data on a comprehensive examination of 410 patients suffering from acute viral hepatitis (AVH) with lingering convalescence and lingering course. Based on the use of clinico-epidemiological, serological, bacteriological, immunological, cytochemical, ultrasonography and x-ray research methods, it has been established that virobacterial associations are essential in the pathogenesis and course of the disease. The author provides evidence for risk factors of the lingering course of AVH and recommends methods of rapid diagnosis, prediction and treatment of lingering convalescence and lingering disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Non-supervised home exercise programs in a convalescent phase of acute myocardial infarction: their effectiveness and the usefulness of the heart rate at the anaerobic threshold].

The effectiveness of 2 different exercise programs in the convalescent phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was assessed. One hundred and five patients with AMI were enrolled for one of these 2 non-supervised home exercise programs immediately after discharge from the hospital. Before discharge and one month later, they underwent submaximal graded treadmill exercise tests with the application of expiratory gas analysis. All patients were assigned to perform 2 km of walk-jog exercise daily for one month. The heart rate during exercise, duration of exercise and the total steps during 24 hrs were measured. Eighty patients (group A) underwent the exercise program in which their heart rates were maintained at 100-110 beats/min during exercise; while 25 patients (group B) underwent the other program in which their heart rates were maintained at 90-100% of those obtained at their anaerobic threshold (AT). The ventilatory AT was calculated by the standard technique using the Horizon System. In group A, AT increased from 13.4 ml/min/kg to 15.1 ml/min/kg (p < 0.01) after the exercise program and in group B, from 12.8 ml/min/kg to 14.9 ml/min/kg (p < 0.01). In group B, AT increased in all patients, while it remained unchanged in 30% of the patients in group A (p < 0.01). In conclusion, a non-supervised home exercise program can be effective and easily instituted for rehabilitation in a convalescent phase of AMI. The program using 90-100% of the heart rates at the anaerobic threshold seemed to be more suitable for obtaining better effects on exercise tolerance than that using 100-110/min heart rate.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Comparative analysis of various types of vocational rehabilitation of convalescents in a workshop health unit].

The paper provides the results of the examination of 112 convalescents of different age using the method of determining the class of ability to work according to the response to the active orthostatic test. A comparative analysis was conducted of different methods of occupational rehabilitation under conditions of workshop medical unit of a large industrial enterprise. It was found that the most effective method is the transfer of convalescents to a more easy work for physiologically substantiated periods of time. Validated criteria of assessing the efficacy of rehabilitation measures are proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[The prevention of chickenpox in high risk children. Comparison of the effectiveness of specific immunoglobulins and of defibrinated convalescent plasma. 414 cases (author's transl)].

Comparison between 157 children treated with defibrinated convalescent plasma and 257 children treated with specific immunoglobulins revealed the improved effectiveness of the latter treatment in the prevention of chickenpox. Specific Herpes Zoster-Chickenpox immunoglobulins are prepared by caprylic acid fractionation of convalescent plasma. The prevention obtained in more than 90% of cases would appear to be clinically and biologically total as shown by serological surveillance of certain children with particularly severe immune depression.

Chickenpox↗
PubMed1990

[The use of the orthostatic test for determining the work capacity of convalescents].

The course of responses to the orthostatic test is analyzed in convalescents with a history of different diseases. Diagnostic factors were singled out characteristic of different groups of diseases including values of the cardiovascular, neuromuscular systems of the body. On the basis of obtained data a decimal classification of the working capacity of convalescents was worked out by their reaction to orthostatic effects.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Cell-mediated immune response to Coxiella burnetii antigens in Q fever convalescents and vaccinees.

Cellular immunity against phase I and II Coxiella burnetii antigens was evaluated by the lymphocyte blast transformation test in a) Q fever convalescents; b) persons immunized with a chemovaccine against Q fever; and c) control persons. The first two groups consisted of workers in a ricketsiology department. Of the 9 convalescents, all (100%) were positive against phase I antigen and 4 (44.4%) against phase II antigen. Of the 22 vaccinees, 77.3% were positive against phase I antigen and all were negative against phase II antigen. All 10 controls were negative against both antigens.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1989

[The effect of health resort treatment on biliary tract function in the early period of convalescence from viral hepatitis].

At the early period of convalescence from viral hepatitis 65% of persons showed disorders of the functional state of the bile tracts. The frequency of involvement of the biliary system did not depend on the etiological form of hepatitis. After hepatitis A the hyperkinetic type prevailed, after hepatitis B--the hypokinetic type of biliary dyskinesia. Galvanomud treatment restored the functional state of the liver and biliary state, particularly, in convalescents with the hyperkinetic type of gall-bladder dyskinesia.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence and duration of blood HBs antigen in convalescents after type B viral hepatitis].

The presence of HBs Ag was determined by contraelectrophoresis in 500 convalescents after hepatitis B, at the moment of discharge and after 1--3 and 6 months. Antigen carriage is prolonged in hepatitis B, 51% of the convalescents being positive on discharge and 10% remaining persistent carriers. This was more frequent in males, young adults and those who had suffered from mild, prolonged forms of the disease. As only 42% of the patients became negative within the first 20 days of hospitalization it became necessary to prolong their stay in hospital and to follow up the patients subsequently in an out-patient unit.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and patterns of hyperimmunoglobulinemia in acute viral hepatitis convalescents.

The 99th-percentile values of a large control group were used to determine the frequency and patterns of hyperimmunoglobulinemia (HIg) in 119 convalescents from viral hepatitis in whom Ig quantitation was performed on two occasions within 6 1/2 months after their acute episode. The mean levels of IgG, IgA and IgM, but not of IgD, were significantly higher in convalescents than in controls. There was no significant difference (p greater than 0.1) in the overall frequency of HIg (at least one Ig-class value greater than or equal to 99th percentile of controls) between the initial (30.2%; n = 119) and repeat (20.6%; n = 97) samples, though differences in the distribution of HIg patterns occurred between the two samples. At the time of repeat testing, 7 out of 77 subjects with normo-Ig, but 13 out of 20 with HIg had clinical and/or laboratory abnormalities (p less than or equal to 0.001).

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Blood pressure changes during convalescence after myocardial infarction.

We have retrospectively studied changes in blood pressure from CCU admission to the end of convalescence after myocardial infarction in 72 consecutive patients less than or equal to 70 years, who did not receive hypotensive therapy before or during the period of observation. Besides confirming previous observations of an initial fall and subsequent rise in blood pressure we have, in addition, identified a difference in response after large compared with smaller infarcts. The rise in systolic blood pressure after larger infarcts appears to be delayed and is greater after leaving hospital (23.3 +/- 18.5 mmHg) (3.09 +/- 2.46 kPa) than after small infarcts (14.4 +/- 19.6 mmHg) (1.91 +/- 2.6 kPa), p less than 0.05. The results emphasise the importance of checking blood pressure during convalescence following a myocardial infarction particularly after larger infarcts.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Convalescence and hospital stay after colonic surgery with balanced analgesia, early oral feeding, and enforced mobilisation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the combined effects of pain relief by continuous epidural analgesia, early oral feeding and enforced mobilisation on convalescence and hospital stay after colonic resection. DESIGN: Uncontrolled pilot investigation. SETTING: University hospital, Denmark. SUBJECTS: 17 unselected patients (median age 69 years) undergoing colonic resection. INTERVENTIONS: Patients received combined epidural and general anaesthesia during operations and after operation were given continuous epidural bupivacaine 0.25%, 4 ml hour and morphine 0.2 mg hour, for 96 hours and oral paracetamol 4 g/daily. No patient had a nasogastric tube, and oral feeding with normal food and protein enriched solutions (1000 Kcal (4180 KJ/day) was instituted 24 hours postoperatively together with intensive mobilisation. RESULTS: Median visual analogue pain scores were zero at rest and minimal during coughing and mobilisation, which allowed early mobilisation for up to 11 hours on the third postoperative day. Gastrointestinal function with defaecation had returned to normal in 12 patients within the first two postoperative days. Median hospital stay was five days with minimal increase in fatigue and without postoperative weight loss. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that a combined approach of optimal pain relief with balanced analgesia, enforced early mobilisation, and oral feeding, may reduce the length of convalescence and hospital stay after colonic operations.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1995

Relinquishing the sick role: convalescence and rehabilitation.

This paper examines the problems of patients who have been considered by their doctors to have received adequate rehabilitation and to be ready to relinquish the sick role. The sick role is discussed in its historical context and convalescence and rehabilitation are considered as alternative approaches to medical and nursing care. It is argued that many patients leaving hospital are frightened because they do not feel well and they will receive little if any follow-up or support after discharge. It is the author's belief that many patients need to convalesce because the very essence of their being is still ill.

Aftercare↗
PubMed1993

[The functional status and work capacity of convalescents after pseudotuberculosis].

The authors have studied the recovery process of functional state and performance capability in 887 convalescents after pseudotuberculosis. All the examinees were servicemen of male sex, age 18-23, without somatic or psychoneurological disorders. Clinical, biochemical, immunological and psychophysiological methods of examinations were applied. It was found out that the outcomes of the diseases were favourable. At the same time in 79.8% of patients functional disorders of nerve, cardiovascular, hepatobiliary and digestive systems were taking place for one month. A half of convalescents had a low performance capability and low psychoemotional labour motivation. Application of adaptogens, physiotherapy, and a system of gradually growing physical loads which was elaborated by the authors give the possibility to improve and shorten the period of rehabilitation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

[The hemodynamic and laboratory biochemical characteristics of the nephropathy in convalescent patients after hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].

Laboratory and functional tests were made in 50 convalescents who had suffered hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). It is shown that nephropathy in such patients runs with a decline in renal functional reserve indicative of intraglomerular hypertension, impaired ability of the kidneys for osmotic urine concentration, defective tubular reabsorption of beta 2-microglobulin, microcirculatory disorders, collagen disbolism, high levels of uric acid in the blood. The occurrence of hyperuricemia and intraglomerular hypertension in HFRS convalescents calls for special consideration as leading nonimmune factors of nephropathy progression.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1998

[Recommendations for convalescence after hernia surgery. A questionnaire study].

To determine differences in recommendations for convalescence after inguinal herniorrhaphy, a questionnaire was mailed to 294 general practitioners in the Copenhagen area. Sixty-two percent returned the questionnaire. After primary hernia repair a period of 1-12 weeks off work was recommended (mean 2.6, 4.1 and 7.8 weeks in patients with light, moderate or heavy work load, respectively). After repair for recurrent hernia 1-24 weeks off work were recommended (mean 3.5, 5.4 and 8.3 weeks in patients with light, moderate or heavy work load, respectively). Restrictions in lifting (> 5 kg) were recommended for 1-16 weeks, mean 6.1 and 7.4 weeks after primary and recurrent repair, respectively. It is concluded that there is a need for propagation of new data regarding shortened convalescence after herniorrhaphy in order to maximise the advantages of new surgical and analgesic techniques.

Convalescence↗
PubMed2004

Measles virus protein-specific IgM, IgA, and IgG subclass responses during the acute and convalescent phase of infection.

The availability of new generation serological assays allowed re-evaluation of the antibody response to measles virus. IgM, IgA, total IgG, and IgG subclass responses were studied to the three major immunogenic measles virus proteins: the fusion protein (F), haemagglutinin (H), and nucleoprotein (N). Plasma samples were obtained from clinically diagnosed measles cases (n = 146) in Khartoum (Sudan) within a week after onset of the rash. Convalescent phase samples were collected from 32 of 117 laboratory-confirmed measles cases at different time points after onset of rash. Glycoprotein-specific IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody levels correlated well to the N-specific response. For IgG and IgA, responses to F were higher than to H. IgA antibody levels were undetectable in about one third of the laboratory-confirmed cases during the acute phase, but positive in all patients tested 1-4 weeks after infection. IgM levels declined rapidly and were lost 3-6 months after infection. IgA levels declined slowly during the first year but did not return to background levels during the subsequent 2 years. IgG avidity maturation was detected during a 3-6 month period after infection. The predominant IgG subclasses during the acute phase were IgG(1) and IgG(3). The latter was lost in the convalescent phase, while the IgG(4) isotype showed a slight rise afterwards. Interestingly, acute phase IgG(3) and IgA responses were associated, and were only detected in samples with high IgG. This study provides a comprehensive perspective on the antibody response to wild-type measles virus infection.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Perfusatory recovery of the grafted lung during convalescence from acute rejection.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether or not perfusatory recovery of the grafted lung occurs is the early stage of convalesce from acute rejection following a single lung transplantation. Eight adult mongrel dogs underwent an allotransplantation of the left lung with treatment of 10 mg/kg cyclosporine and 4 mg/kg azathioprine. Doppler flow probes were placed to the ascending aorta and the left pulmonary artery. Immunosuppressant therapy was discontinued to induce rejection after postoperative day 14. When the left pulmonary artery flow rate (l-PAFR) decreased to less than 20%, methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) was administered for 3 days along with a resumption of cyclosporine and azathioprine. Pulmonary circulation and chest roentgenograms were evaluated every day through the rejection episode. An open lung biopsy was also performed in each dog to obtain specimens of the grafts and native lungs for histologic examination. When l-PAFR decreased to less than 20%, mild acute rejection was found in all dogs. l-PAFR increased significantly on the third day after methylprednisolone treatment. Thereafter, a histologic examination revealed minimal acute rejection in one dog and no abnormality in seven dogs. The perfusatory recovery of the grafted lung was thought to reflect the histological change in the course of convalescence.

Acute Disease↗