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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Evaluation of ELISA for the diagnosis of paragonimiasis westermani.

Possible applicability of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of paragonimiasis westermani was examined using crude extract of adult Paragonimus westermani (Pw) as the test antigen. The mean ELISA values of the sera from Pw egg-positive cases and from clinically suspected cases were more than 22 times higher than that of the healthy control. No, or only marginal, cross-reactivity was observed against Pw antigen using sera from patients with various parasitic diseases other than paragonimiasis, except that from schistosomiasis and clonorchiasis cases. When serum samples from the endemic area were tested by ELISA and double diffusion (DD), sera from skin test (ST)-positive and DD-positive cases were all positive with ELISA, whereas approximately 19% of ST-positive but DD-negative cases were positive for ELISA. Diagnosis by ELISA values correlated well with, and seemed to be more sensitive than, that by DD test. In some definite paragonimiasis cases, the ELISA value was markedly reduced after drug-treatment with bithionol. These results suggest that ELISA is useful not only in mass screening but also in the evaluation of the efficacy of drug treatment in paragonimiasis.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Recurrent eosinophilic panniculitis associated with Fasciola hepatica infection.

Eosinophilic panniculitis is characterized by a prominent infiltration of subcutaneous fat with eosinophils. We report a case of Fasciola hepatica infection presenting with eosinophilic panniculitis successfully treated with bithionol. To our knowledge, this is the first report of recurrent eosinophilic panniculitis associated with Fasciola hepatica infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Spectrum of cross-photosensitization in 18 consecutive patients with contact photoallergy to ketoprofen: associated photoallergies to non-benzophenone-containing molecules.

Contact photoallergy to ketoprofen gels has been widely reported, and cross-sensitivity reactions with other compounds, such as tiaprofenic acid, fenofibrate and benzophenones, are well known. However, positive photopatch tests to other different non-benzophenone-related compounds have recently been observed. We report the results of photopatch testing in patients with contact photoallergy to ketoprofen and discuss the spectrum of cross-sensitization to ketoprofen. 18 consecutive patients with a history of photocontact dermatitis from ketoprofen were investigated. Patch and photopatch tests were performed. As expected, we observed positive photopatch tests to Ketum* gel and ketoprofen 2.5% in petrolatum in all patients (100%). However, it was remarkable to note positive photopatch tests to other unexpected and non-relevant allergens, including fentichlor (67%), tetrachlorosalicylanilide (28%), triclosan (17%), tribromsalan (11%) and bithionol (11%), with no clinical relevance. Interestingly, these agents belong to the family of halogenated salicylanilides and related compounds, which have been forbidden in Europe since the 1970s. Our results raise the question of hyper-photosusceptibility to non-relevant allergens induced by photosensitivity to ketoprofen. The mechanism may involve the high photoreactivity induced by the association of a benzene ring with an oxygen group.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Fascioliasis: case reports and review.

Fasciola hepatica, a zoonotic liver fluke, can cause disease in humans. Fascioliasis, while common in some tropical and developing countries, is uncommon in the United States. We report two cases of fascioliasis that illustrate both the hepatic and biliary stages of the disease. Clinical features and diagnostic aspects including serologic, radiographic, and histopathologic studies are emphasized. Praziquantel was ineffective in treatment of both patients. Bithionol appears to be an effective treatment for fascioliasis.

Bithionol↗
PubMed2006

Indirect evidence of ectopic pancreatic fascioliasis in a human.

Fascioliasis is not common in humans and, furthermore, its ectopic migration into the pancreas is extremely rare. A definitive diagnosis of ectopic fascioliasis is based on the demonstration of flukes in the affected organ. If the flukes invade the parenchyma, however, imaging studies are limited in the detection of worms and surgical identification is required. We encountered a clinical case of probable ectopic pancreatic fascioliasis diagnosed through indirect evidence. A 46-year-old Korean woman was admitted with left upper quadrant pain. She had taken praziquantel for hepatic fascioliasis, which had been diagnosed at another hospital, and then developed abdominal pain. Peripheral eosinophilia, hyperamylasemia and hyperlipasemia were documented. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed multiple, hypodense foci which had coalesced, forming irregular nodules in the medial and lateral segments of the left lobe of the liver, and similar 2- to 3-cm sized, hypodense lesions in the body and isthmus of the pancreas. IgG antibody against Fasciola hepatica was positive. Bithionol was given orally, and the patient's symptoms and biochemistry then improved, with reversal of eosinophilia. Radiological studies showed normalization of the liver and pancreas at the 10th week, and the serology for Fasciola hepatica was negative at the fifth month.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Infection with Fasciola hepatica.

Fascioliasis, caused by the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, is an infection that occurs worldwide, although humans are accidental hosts. F. hepatica infection comprises two stages, hepatic and biliary, with different signs and symptoms. Stool examination and ELISA can be used for the initial diagnosis. Radiographic techniques, such as computerised tomography and ultrasonography, as well as magnetic resonance imaging, are used widely for confirmation and follow-up of the disease. Invasive techniques, such as percutaneous cholangiography, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and liver biopsy, may aid in the diagnosis but are not essential. Triclabendazole is recommended as the first-line agent for the treatment of F. hepatica infection, with bithionol as an alternative.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Human intestinal infection with Nanophyetus salmincola from salmonid fishes.

Between 1974 and 1985, 10 patients were studied who presented with either gastrointestinal complaints or unexplained peripheral blood eosinophilia, and had eggs typical for N. salmincola recovered from their stools. Clinical findings in 8 of the 10 included increased frequency of bowel movements or diarrhea (6), peripheral blood eosinophilia (6), abdominal discomfort (5), nausea and vomiting (3), weight loss (2), and fatigue (2). Two were asymptomatic. Eight recalled eating fish prior to the onset of symptoms. Anthelminthic treatment consisting of three 2-g doses of niclosamide (2 patients) or two 50 mg/kg doses of bithionol (1 patient) proved effective. In the remaining individuals symptoms resolved slowly over several months.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Paragonimiasis in Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province, China: clinical, parasitological and karyotypic studies on Paragonimus westermani.

Paragonimiasis in Yongjia County, Zhejiang Province, China, has been of such public health concern that a specialized Institute for Paragonimiasis Control has been established there. The study reported here involved both parasitological research on Paragonimus westermani in the endemic areas and a clinical analysis of 94 cases of paragonimiasis. Eggs were found in sputum, feces and brain tissue in 45 cases. Twenty patients, 19 of whom where children under 10 years of age, showed hepatic injury. Treatment with praziquantel or bithionol had satisfactory results in all cases. Dimensions of the parasite eggs, metacercariae from freshwater crabs and adult flukes suggested that the form of P. westermani in Yongjia is the 'small type': a suggestion supported by karyotypic studies on gonad cells from adult flukes collected from experimentally infected animals as all were found to be diploid. In conclusion, the 'small type' or diploid form of P. westermani is the cause of paragonimiasis pulmonary symptoms in Yongjia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Fasciola hepatica infestation. Biopathology and new diagnostic and therapeutic aspects].

We present here 6 patients with Fasciola hepatica infection, all from rural origin, and with the risk factors of eating wild watercress. The more common symptoms were: fever (83%), abdominal pain (100%), weight loss (83%) and generalized myalgia and joint pain (67%). All patients presented with an absolute eosinophil count above 1,000 cell/mm3. The diagnosis was established in five cases by means of serologic techniques (haemagglutination) and with direct visualization of adult worms while surgery in one case. A CT abdominal scan was performed in five patients, revealing specific lesions of tissue infiltration in four of them. Praziquantel was used in four patients, achieving clinical cure in three cases. In two patients, bithionol was used, with clinical cure in both cases. We review also some newer diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to this parasitic disease.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fascioliasis: diagnosis, epidemiology and treatment].

Fascioliasis is a trematode, disease of liver and bile ducts of sheep, cattle, and other ruminants throughout the world that is caused by the fluke, Fasciola hepatica. Human infection has been reported in Mexico, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, Brazil, Argentina, the US, Europe, eastern Africa, Japan and Australia. The parasite's miracidium invades one of the various Lymnaea water snail hosts. Infection results from ingestion of encysted metacercariae attached to raw watercress (Nasturtium officinale). Symptoms recorded from human cases included irregular fever, epigastric pain and abdominal tenderness, obstructive jaundice and leucocytosis with eosinophilea up to 60%. Specific diagnosis is based on recovery of the eggs in the patient's stool or from biliary tract drainage. Treatment is with emetine hydrochloride given intramusculary. Bithionol is given orally at a dosage of 30-50 mg/kg but on alternate days from 10 to 15 doses. Praziquantel is probably effective. Preventive measures include education of the public on mode of transmission of life cycle of the parasite, and dipping fresh watercress into boiling water for a few sec, or drying suspected watercress.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[A case of paragonimiasis Miyazakii with bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion].

A 38-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for further examination of bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion. He had complained of dyspnea on exertion occurring six months after ingestion of raw freshwater crabs, Patomon dehaani. X-ray films and CT scan of the chest taken on admission revealed massive bilateral pleural and pericardial effusion. High serum IgE level and eosinophilia were noted on laboratory examination. Antibody against Paragonimus Miyazakii antigen was detected in patient's serum as well as pleural and pericardial fluids by the Ouchterlony test. The patient was treated effectively by Bithionol.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pulmonary paragonimiasis in childhood--a cause of recurrent haemoptysis and pneumonia.

A 2-year-old Manipuri girl had haemoptysis and a chest roentgenogram disclosed diffuse-infiltrates in the right lung. Microscopic examination of sputum and morning gastric aspirate showed numerous golden-brown, operculated ova, and microscopic examination of stool specimens confirmed these ova to be those of the lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani. She responded favourably to bithionol therapy and was asymptomatic and growing normally during follow up for one and half years.

Bithionol↗
PubMed1974

Endemic paragonimiasis in Africa.

Human paragonimiasis has been recorded in 4 West African countries but there is clear evidence of endemicity only in certain parts of Nigeria and Cameroon. In Nigeria, the dominant parasite species is Paragonimus uterobilateralis, while in Cameroon it is P. africanus. Both the fresh water crab Sudanonautes africanus and the land crab S. aubryi are proved vectors in Nigeria. Epidemiological studies using Paragonimus skin tests suggest an infection rate of between 5% and 10% in some endemic areas. African paragonimiasis, like its Asian counterpart, responds well to treatment with bithionol.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Paragonimus westermani: a cause of cavitary lung disease in an Indochinese refugee.

A Laotian immigrant with persistent cough and hemoptysis was found to have multiple small cavities on chest roentgenogram. Ova of the lung fluke Paragonimus westermani were found in the sputum, and the patient responded to bithionol therapy. Pulmonary paragonimiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cavitary lung disease in Indochinese refugees entering the United States.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Pulmonary paragonimiasis in childhood. A cause of persistent pneumonia and hemoptysis.

A 4-year-old Filipino girl, a recent immigrant to Hawaii, had hemoptysis, and a chest roentgenogram disclosed diffuse infiltrates of the right lung. Microscopic examination of a morning gastric aspirate showed numerous golden-brown, operculated ova, and microscopic examination of sputum and stool specimens confirmed these ova to be those of the lung fluke, Paragonimus westermani. She responded favorably to bithionol therapy and was asymptomatic and growing normally 2 1/2 years after therapy.

Bithionol↗
PubMed1980

a case of pulmonary paragonimiasis in Mindanao, Philippines.

A case of pulmonary paragonmiasis was diagnosed in a woman of the Manobo tribe in Marilog, Calinan, in the Davao region of Mindanao, the second-largest island in the Phillippine Archipelago. She had the first case of this disease reported in Mindanao. The patient was initially mis-diagnosed as having pulmonary tuberculosis, but failure of the standard triad regimen led to microscopic identification of Paragonimus westermani eggs in sputum. Therapy with Bithionol was successful in this case. One additional case was confirmed, and several more suspected, among members of this population group. From an epidemiologic standpoint, careful examination of chest x-rays will allow early differentiation between pulmonary paragonimiasis and tuberculosis, in areas where both conditions are endemic.

Adult↗