Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “BICUSPID”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Aortic dissection and bicuspid aortic valve: an autopsy study.

Medico-legal post-mortems referred to the Department of Pathology, for the histopathological examination, revealed six cases of acute aortic dissection--two in isolation, three in combination with congenital bicuspid aortic valve; and one isolated case of congenital bicuspid aortic valve. One case of isolated aortic dissection was associated with Marfan's syndrome; and one case of aortic dissection with bicuspid aortic valve was associated with polycystic kidneys. History of hypertension could be elicited in two cases. Cystic medial degeneration of aorta was seen in three cases; one of which was associated with Marfan's syndrome. All five cases of aortic dissection belonged to type II of DeBakey classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The bicuspid aortic valve--an autopsy study.

Congenital Bicuspid Aortic Valve is a common congenital anomaly. We studied 48 cases of bicuspid aortic valve seen over a period of 20 years. 18 cases were associated with other congenital anomalies, patent ductus arteriosus being the most frequent. 30 were isolated lesions. The morphology of the cusps and position of raphe were noted. Calcification and infective endocarditis were frequently noted in the isolated forms of Bicuspid Aortic Valve. Coronary arteries were dissected in 32 cases to determine the dominance.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1990

[Pure aortic valve regurgitation due to congenital bicuspid valve--analysis of 7 cases and a report of 2 rare cases].

The congenital bicuspid aortic valves usually become stenotic with severe calcification or regurgitant due to infective endocarditis (IE). However, pure aortic valve regurgitation without calcification or IE may be occurred. We report seven these cases out of 30 bicuspid valved patients who underwent aortic valve replacements. Pathological findings of these resected valves revealed neither calcium deposit nor findings of infection, but commonly showed myxoid degeneration. They were operated on at the mean age of 39, while those with calcified bicuspid aortic valves had an average age of 56. Two rare cases in whom an anomalous fibrous band on the larger cusp attached to the aortic wall were also reported.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Significance of raphe in congenitally bicuspid aortic valve].

The decrease of rheumatic aortic regurgitation (AR) is observed due to the relative increase of non-rheumatic aortic valvular diseases since 1980. Among 240 patients who had undergone aortic valve replacement (AVR) including combined valvular diseases up to March 1989, the congenitally bicuspid aortic valve was responsible for AR and stenosis (AS) in 33 patients (13.8%) and were divided according to the presence of a raphe. In the raphe (+) group (n = 15), infective endocarditis (IE) (n = 5), prolapse of the aortic valve, mainly non-coronary cusp (n = 5), and thickening with contraction of cusp (n = 4) were the cause of AR. Calcification of the cusp was seen in 2 older (greater than 59 yrs) patients. In the raphe (-) group (n = 18), IE (n = 2), contraction of cusps (n = 2) in the relatively younger (less than 48 yrs) were the cause of AR. Rest of the patients exhibited severe AS due to the calcification of cusps except a case who showed IE with AR in the calcified cusp. Although not generally recognized, the bicuspid valve with a raphe, less tendency to deposit calcium, is an important cause of pure AR severe enough to warrant AVR. The bicuspid valve without raphe, as already recognized, prones to develop severe calcification and AS in later life.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A successful case of localized aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve].

It is known that bicuspid aortic valve is a risk factor of aortic dissection in Europe and America, but there is no report of the case in Japan. A 47-year-old male teacher of senior high school had an abrupt onset of chest pain. Aortogram showed localized dissection of the ascending aorta and moderate degree of aortic regurgitation. Cold cardioplegic arrest with moderate systemic hypothermia was used under cardiopulmonary bypass. The aortic valve was bicuspid and localized transverse intimal dissection was also found above left-sided commissure. As both cusps were soft and not degenerative, mattress sutures were used to support the prolapsed cusps against the outer aortic wall. The ascending aorta was replaced with a prosthetic vascular graft. Postoperative clinical course was uneventful and he is doing well two years after the surgery. The bicuspid aortic valve and aortic dissection were also discussed.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed1984

Length of left main coronary artery. Lack of correlation to coronary artery dominance and bicuspid aortic valve: an autopsy study of 54 cases.

Previous coronary angiographic data have suggested that the left main length of the coronary artery correlated with dominance (origin of the posterior descending branch) and bicuspid aortic valves. In our autopsy study with direct measurements of left main lengths, 41 patients with tricuspid aortic valves and 13 with bicuspid aortic valves were examined for right, left, or codominance. There was no statistically significant difference in either coronary dominance or the length of left main coronary artery between the congenital bicuspid and tricuspid aortic valves. Age, sex, heart weight, extent of coronary artery disease, left ventricular wall thickness, and site of prior infarction did not correlate with left main length or dominance. Thus, short left main lengths do not correlate with coronary dominance or with aortic valves. Angiographic assessment of left main coronary artery length is subject to magnification, oblique projection, and catheter position errors.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Mono- and bi-dimensional echocardiographic study of a bicuspid aortic valve].

With M-mode echocardiography a bicuspid aortic valve can be diagnosed by its eccentric diastolic echoes, particularly when the eccentricity index exceeds 1, 3. However, many false positives and false negatives have been reported. Two-dimensional echocardiography, which identifies the commissures and the closure lines, can make the diagnosis more accurate. With this technique we studied 15 patients with a bicuspid aortic valve and 20 normal subjects. We found 3 different patterns according to the position of the closure line, which can be "horizontal", "vertical" and "oblique". Whenever the closure line is "horizontal", that is perpendicular to the direction of the ultrasonic beam, the M-mode echoes from the valve in diastole appear to be centrally located within the aortic root (false negatives). On the contrary, if the closure line is "vertical", that is parallel to the echo beam, "the echoes" are eccentric (diagnostic images). When the closure line is obliquely oriented, the ultrasonic images can be either central or eccentric. Two-dimensional echocardiography identified 5 "horizontal", 3 "vertical" and 7 "oblique" closure lines. It thus helped clarify the M-mode errors and proved to be more reliable for the diagnosis of bicuspid aortic valve.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[A case of acute dissecting aortic aneurysm associated with congenital bicuspid aortic valve].

The congenital bicuspid aortic valve is recognized as a cause of aortic dissection. But in Japan, the case of aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve is rare. A 66-year-old man was referred to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute Stanford A type dissecting aneurysm associated with stenotic bicuspid aortic valve. The chest computed tomography showed thrombosis of the pseudo lumen. An operation consisting of aortic valve replacement and graft replacement of the aneurysm was performed on emergency basis because of remarkable dilation of the ascending aorta. He has been doing well after the operation and discharged from the hospital on the 46th postoperative day. It is though to be important to follow up with special concern about possible dilation of sinus of Valsalva due to intrinsic weakness of the aortic wall.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[A case of aortic dissection associated with congenital bicuspid aortic valve].

It is known that bicuspid aortic valve with dilatation of the ascending aorta is one of risk factors of the aortic dissection. A case of acute aortic dissection (DeBakey type-II) associated with bicuspid aortic valve who underwent successfully operation 8 hours after onset is reported. This patient went into cardiogenic shock because of cardiac tamponade and aortic valve regurgitation immediately after onset. Aortic valve and the ascending aorta were replaced using composite graft (#23 SJM prosthetic aortic valve and 26 mm woven Dacron vascular graft) combined with coronary artery reconstruction by Cabrol's technique. Aortic valve showed bicuspid and histological examination revealed cystic medionecrosis and loss of elastic fiber. Postoperative course was uneventful and this patients is doing well 3 years after the operation.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[Nonrheumatic calcification of the mitral valve in patients with stenotic calcified bicuspid aortic valve].

The pathogenesis of nonrheumatic calcification of the mitral valve was investigated by analyzing the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with mitral valvular calcification without any findings suggestive of rheumatic heart disease or infective endocarditis. Calcification of the mitral valve was observed in nine patients, who all had calcified stenotic (aortic valve area < 1 cm2) bicuspid aortic valve. Calcification of the mitral valve was localized to the basal portion of ventricular aspect of the anterior mitral leaflet and contiguous to that of the aortic valve. Mobility and thickness of the mitral leaflet was normal except for the calcified portion. Calcification of the mitral valve was not contiguous to posterior mitral annular calcification nor was related to direction of aortic regurgitant flow. In patients with calcified stenotic bicuspid aortic valve, calcification of the mitral valve was not associated with location of the two aortic cusps, aortic valve area, aortic valvular peak pressure gradient, direction of the left ventricular outflow, end-diastolic left ventricular outflow tract dimension, end-diastolic dimension of the aortic annulus, incidence of aortic regurgitation, calcification of the aortic arch, or risk factors of atherosclerosis. Six patients with mitral valvular calcification had aortic valve replacement. Preoperative coronary angiogram of these patients was normal. Calcification of the aortic valve was on the ventricular and aortic aspects. The calcification of the aortic valve, anterior mitral ring, or anterior mitral leaflet was not rheumatic in these six patients. Rheumatic disease, risk factors of atherosclerosis, mechanical stress by left ventricular outflow or aortic regurgitant flow, or mitral annular calcification did not appear to be related to mitral valvular calcification. The distribution of aortic and mitral valvular calcification suggested that the calcification of the mitral valve was due to progression of calcification of the bicuspid aortic valve.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

[Aortic coarctation and the bicuspid aortic valve].

After the analysis of the long-term outcomes of aortic coarctation isolated resection the authors noted that many of the patients had valvular defects missed for diagnosis before the operation. ECG and X-ray of the heart established valvular defects in 37% of the operated patients. 61% of them had bicuspid valve associated in 80% of cases with pathologically dilated ascending aorta. Correlation-regression analysis showed the existence of a significant correlation between the width of the ascending aorta and age of the operated patient. This width in bicuspid valve patients was correlated with systolic and diastolic pressure, physical performance before surgery. Follow-up of patients after resection of aortic coarctation should be especially careful for patients with bicuspid aortic valve with dilatation of the ascending aorta and high arterial pressure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Transplantation of a lower bicuspid after traumatic loss of three upper incisors.

BACKGROUND: Prosthodontic and orthodontic procedures have been described for the treatment of patients with traumatic loss of teeth. PATIENT AND METHODS: Both upper central incisors and the upper right lateral incisor had to be extracted in an 8-year-old patient after failure of conservative procedures following a sports accident. The patient was treated on a temporary basis with a space retainer as a substitute for the teeth. Definitive therapy was carried out by transplanting a lower bicuspid germ into the upper arch with subsequent orthodontic gap closure. RESULTS: 8 years after the intervention, the transplanted tooth is still in place. The patient is fully rehabilitated both functionally and esthetically with no discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: The transplantation of bicuspid germs in conjunction with orthodontic gap closure is a valuable alternative to prosthodontic treatment, particularly in the case of loss or aplasia of several teeth.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The passive lingual arch in first bicuspid extraction.

The effects of a passive lingual arch on lower incisor and molar positions after extraction of first bicuspids are analyzed. Results indicate that a lingual arch can be effective in maintaining arch length, while still allowing normal changes in incisor, cuspid and second bicuspid positions.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1980

Long term effects of primary molar pulpotomies on succedaneous bicuspids.

Forty-three bicuspids which replaced successfully pulpotomized vital or non-vital primary molars, and twenty bicuspids, which erupted following unsuccessful pulpotomies requiring extraction of the preceding teeth, were examined for defects of position and enamel. In comparison with contralateral control teeth, test teeth in both groups showed an increased prevalence of rotation and enamel surface defects.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2002

Root surface area of the mandibular cuspid and bicuspids.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the total root surface area of extracted teeth by computerized image analysis and the amount of remaining attachment area assuming various amounts of bone loss due to periodontal disease. METHODS: One hundred fifty extracted mandibular teeth were evaluated, and measured from cusp tip to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), CEJ to root apex, and cusp tip to root apex. The fulcrum point of the tooth was also measured, along with the total root surface area of attachment and total surface area of attachment remaining following simulation of attachment loss in 2 mm increments. Measurements were made on 80 teeth on one proximal surface and either the buccal or lingual surface and multiplied by a factor of 2. Measurements on 70 teeth were made on all 4 root surfaces to predict the accuracy of measuring only 2 surfaces to determine root surface area. Images of the tooth surfaces were obtained by video camera and converted to computer image with measurement of the surface areas. RESULTS: The total root surface area for the mandibular cuspids and first and second bicuspids was 275.88 mm2, 251.45 mm2, and 271.81 mm2, respectively. The 2-sided and 4-sided measurements for the mandibular first bicuspid were 252.55 mm2 and 247.02 mm2, respectively (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study found the total root surface area to be greater than that in most previous studies. Increasing attachment loss is related to decreasing root surface area; however, this relationship is not directly proportional. No statistical difference was found between measuring 4 surfaces versus only 2 surfaces.

Alveolar Bone Loss↗
PubMed2002

In vivo ultrasonic debridement forces in bicuspids: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Hand instruments lead to application of excessive forces, resulting in extensive root substance removal. Ultrasonic debridement primarily removes accretions from root surfaces. However, there is a lack of information on procedural aspects of ultrasonic debridement. The purpose of the present study was to assess the forces applied by different therapists during ultrasonic root surface debridement of bicuspids in periodontal patients in vivo. METHODS: Ten dentists and 10 dental hygienists each debrided 1 aspect of a bicuspid with moderate chronic periodontitis using an ultrasonic curet. The forces applied were recorded using a piezo-electric receiver built into the handle of the ultrasonic curet, an electronic transducer, and an analogous writer. The force recordings were converted from millivolts into Newtons (N). Mean positive and negative forces were calculated for each therapist, and t tests were used to assess differences in these forces between dentists and dental hygienists. RESULTS: The results showed that the mean positive force applied by dentists was 1.00 N (range 0.53 to 1.34 N). The corresponding mean value for dental hygienists was 0.77 N (range 0.20 to 1.22 N). The mean root debridement time was 110.2 seconds (range 38 to 165 seconds) for dentists and 90.8 seconds (range 38 to 244 seconds) for dental hygienists. The mean percentage of total debridement time used for positive force application by dentists was 76.1%, and for dental hygienists 63.9%. Negative forces impacting on the periodontal soft tissues were also recorded. These negative forces reached a mean of 0.16 N for dentists and 0.31 N for dental hygienists. CONCLUSIONS: From these observations, it may be concluded that application of ultrasonic debridement therapy is highly subjective, and that dentists and dental hygienists may not be adequately trained to use these instruments optimally.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2005

[Posttreatment stability of four first bicuspid extraction cases treated with the Alexander technique--model analysis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the posttreatment stability of four first bicuspid extraction cases with the Alexander technique. METHODS: Fifteen patients, 8 males and 7 females in the permanent dentition were selected. The age range of the patients was 10.3 to 16.2 years old. Four first bicuspids of every patient were extracted and all patients were treated with the Alexander technique. The study casts were taken before (T(1)), after treatment (T(2)) and 27.8 months averagely follow-up (T(3)). Data were correlated by means of paired t tests. RESULTS: Although maxillary and mandibular intercanine widths were increased by 0.98 mm and 0.87 mm, respectively, during treatment, they were decreased by 0.37 mm and 0.72 mm, respectively, during follow-up period. Maxillary and mandibular crowding were increased by 0.53 mm and 0.98 mm, respectively, during follow-up period. No statistical significance were found. Upper and lower arch depth were decreased significantly due to retraction of anterior teeth and remained stable during follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: According to this study, the design of the Alexander appliance and the Alexander technique are helpful for stability of extraction therapy. Follow-up is still necessary to evaluate the long-term stability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Acute aortic regurgitation due to spontaneous rupture of a bicuspid aortic valve: detection by echocardiography.

A 42-year-old man was admitted with acute severe aortic regurgitation. There were no signs of a systemic infection. M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography revealed bicuspid aortic valve and echocardiographic features consistent with aortic leaflet rupture. The diagnosis was confirmed at surgery. This report illustrates that spontaneous rupture of a bicuspid aortic valve should be considered in acute aortic regurgitation without infective endocarditis.

Acute Disease↗