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Results for “BARTONELLA INFECTIONS”

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PubMed2000

Natural history of infection with Bartonella bacilliformis in a nonendemic population.

An investigation was performed after an outbreak of bartonellosis in a region of Peru nonendemic for this disorder. Symptoms of acute and chronic bartonellosis were recorded. Serological analysis was performed on 55% of the affected population (554 individuals), 77.5% of whom demonstrated previous infection with Bartonella bacilliformis. The attack rate of Oroya fever was 13.8% (123 cases); the case-fatality rate was 0.7%. The attack rate of verruga peruana was 17.6%. A new specific immunostain was developed and used to confirm the presence of B. bacilliformis in the biopsied skin lesions. Most seropositive individuals (56%) were asymptomatic. The symptoms that were associated with prior infection, as determined by Western blot, included fever (37.2% of the seropositive vs. 17.2% of the seronegative population; P<.001), bone and joint pain (27% vs. 9%; P<.001), headache (27% vs. 12.3%; P <.001), and skin lesions described as verruga peruana (26.8% vs. 4.9%; P<.001). Our findings suggest that infection with B. bacilliformis causes a broad spectrum of disease that is significantly milder in severity than that frequently reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Disseminated infection with Bartonella henselae as a cause of spontaneous splenic rupture.

A 65-year-old man developed massive hemoperitoneum secondary to spontaneous splenic rupture. Histopathological analysis of the spleen demonstrated necrotizing granulomas. Results of serological tests indicated infection with a species of Bartonella, and immunohistochemical staining established Bartonella henselae as the cause of splenitis. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported case of spontaneous splenic rupture caused by infection with a species of Bartonella.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Optic disk edema associated with peripapillary serous retinal detachment: an early sign of systemic Bartonella henselae infection.

PURPOSE: To describe optic disk edema associated with peripapillary serous retinal detachment as an early sign of systemic Bartonella henselae infection. METHODS: Multicentered, retrospective case series. RESULTS: Five women and two men presented with optic disk edema producing peripapillary serous retinal detachment. Each patient had a markedly elevated serum anti-B. henselae antibody titer. Patient age ranged from 11 to 44 years, with a mean and median of 26.6 and 28 years, respectively. The time from the onset of systemic symptoms to the onset of visual symptoms varied from 3 days to 1 month. The peripapillary serous retinal detachment resolved within 1 to 3 weeks in each case, producing a macular star in four of seven patients. Initial vision was 20/200 or worse in five of seven patients and improved in four of these five patients to 20/30 or better. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic B. henselae infection should be considered in patients who develop optic disk edema associated with a peripapillary serous retinal detachment, even in the absence of classic neuroretinitis with a macular star.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Bartonella henselae infection as a cause of fever of unknown origin.

Fourteen of 41 patients (34%) with a serological diagnosis of Bartonella henselae infection were found to have prolonged fever or fever of unknown origin, suggesting that generalized systemic B. henselae infection is not rare in immunocompetent healthy individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Bartonella henselae infection associated with Guillain-Barre syndrome.

This is the first report of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) related to Bartonella henselae infection. A 10-year-old girl had difficulty walking and marked myalgia. The search for all causes known to trigger GBS was negative. She was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins and recovered. Because she lived in a rural area and had a history of kitten contact, a specific serology for B. henselae infection was performed and confirmed an ongoing infection. She did not show any clinical typical feature of cat-scratch disease. B. henselae infection should be considered in the wide etiologic spectrum of GBS.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Persistent infection of pets within a household with three Bartonella species.

We monitored by blood culture and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) bartonella infection in one dog and eight cats in a household to determine the prevalence and persistence of the infection as well as its transmissibility to humans. Ectoparasite control was rigorously exercised. During a 3-year period, Bartonella clarridgeiae was recovered from one cat on two occasions, and B. henselae was isolated from another cat on four occasions. During a 16-month period, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was isolated from the dog on 8 of 10 culture attempts. Despite extensive household contact, the pet owner was seronegative to all three species by IFA for Bartonella-specific immunoglobulin G.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

Prospective studies of Bartonella of rodents. Part I. Demographic and temporal patterns in population dynamics.

The temporal dynamics of Bartonella infections in a rodent community were described by repeatedly capturing and sampling individual animals. Among six rodent species, from which bartonellae were isolated, cotton rats (Sigmodon hispidus) accounted for > 98% of the bacteremic animals. All cotton rats captured four or more times were Bartonella-culture positive at least once. The lowest monthly prevalence of Bartonella in cotton rats was in June (49%) and the highest was in October (95%). Prevalence of Bartonella infection increased to > 90% among juvenile and subadult rats before declining to < 40% among the largest-oldest individuals. Bacteremia levels ranged between 40 and 4.0 x 10(6) colony forming units (CFU) per 1 mL of blood. Male cotton rats had significantly higher CFUs than females (p = 0.006). The median of Bartonella bacteremia decreased monotonically by age group among cotton rats. Although Bartonella infections were highly prevalent among cotton rats, only 8.5% of rats had reactive antibodies at titers of > or = 1:32 and none had antibodies titers of > 1:256.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2005

Diagnosis of cat scratch disease with Bartonella henselae infection in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues by two different PCR assays.

Cat scratch disease (CSD) is commonly caused by Bartonella henselae infection. Clinical history and histologic findings are often insufficient to establish a definitive diagnosis of CSD. We retrospectively studied formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lymph nodes from 35 patients with histologically suspected CSD by 2 different PCR assays and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The first primer pair amplified a 163-bp fragment of the 16S rRNA gene in 19 of the 35 cases (54%). The second primer pair amplified a 191-bp fragment of the henselae citrate synthase (gltA) gene in 17 of the 35 cases (49%). IHC identified the organisms in 8 of 33 cases (24%). Fresh cultures of various Bartonella species showed a specific PCR product with an analytical sensitivity of 0.5 to 5 pg bacterial DNA. Bartonella species were identified by the unique size of the amplified PCR product. Twenty-two lymph nodes without morphologic evidence or a history of CSD were negative by PCR and immunostaining. Tissues from a patient with Legionella pneumophila were also negative by PCR and immunostaining for CSD supporting the specificity of the PCR reaction. The specific PCR products of the B. henselae were confirmed by sequencing. Human beta-actin for each case was amplified to check the integrity of the DNA. Our data indicate that detection of Bartonella DNA by PCR is useful to confirm the diagnosis of CSD.

Actins↗
PubMed2004

[Study on the prevalence of Bartonella species in rodent hosts from different environmental areas in Yunnan].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate Bartonella infections in small mammalian reservoir hosts from different environments and types of climate in Yunnan. METHODS: Femoral blood samples were collected from the anesthetic captured animals from five counties including three types of climate. All isolates were grown on brain and heart infusion agar plates containing 5% defibrinated rabbit blood. The agar plates were incubated at 35 degrees C in a humidified with 5% CO2 environment for at least 4 weeks. Bartonella-like isolates were confirmed by the polymerase chain reaction and visualizing the target gene fragment by gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: Bartonella species were isolated from 69 of 176 small animals including 4 species of 3 genera from 4 counties and the total prevalence in rodents was 39.2%. The maximal prevalence was 42.0% of Rattus tanezumi flavipectus usually inhabiting indoors and courtyard and contacting closely to human. Moreover, Bartonella isolates were obtained from Rattus noruegicus, Eothenomys miletus and Mus pahari. Life environments of captured animals involved indoors, courtyard, brush and forest in mountain. CONCLUSION: The finding in this study suggested the characteristic of diversity of Bartonella infections in rodent hosts in southern China included Bartonella species parasiting in a wide range of animal hosts in different environments as well as climate types. Further investigations were needed in different areas in China to confirm more mammalian reservoir hosts with Bartonella infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Peloisis hepatis due to Bartonella henselae in transplantation: a hemato-hepato-renal syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Bacillary peliosis hepatis is an uncommon but well recognized disease due to disseminated Bartonella infections occurring predominantly in immunocompromised individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1. A similar condition in the absence of Bartonella infection when described in organ transplant patients was felt to be secondary to azathioprine and/or cyclosporine. METHODS: Herein, we report the first case of bacillary peliosis hepatis due to systemic Bartonella henselae infection in a patient after kidney transplant. The patient presented with severe anemia, persistent thrombocytopenia, and hepato-renal syndrome. DNA-based polymerase chain reactions (PCR), which allowed direct detection of both B henselae and quintana DNA in patient's peripheral blood and liver tissue, were used. Indirect immunofluorescence assay for Bartonella serology was performed on peripheral blood. RESULTS: Histopathology of the liver biopsy demonstrated peliosis hepatis. Indirect immunofluorescence assay for Bartonella serology was positive, and B henselae DNA was identified by PCR in the peripheral blood and liver tissue. Treatment with a 3-month course of oral erythromycin resulted in an excellent clinical response. CONCLUSIONS: The present case suggests that although various anti-rejection therapies and opportunistic infections are associated with hepatic and renal dysfunction along with bone marrow suppression, the diagnostic evaluation in this situation should include liver biopsy and a careful search for evidence of systemic Bartonella infection, e.g., exposure to cats, Bartonella serology, and Bartonella DNA by PCR. A reduction in immunosuppression and prolonged therapy with antibiotics such as erythromycin will often result in early recovery.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Infection with Bartonella weissii and detection of Nanobacterium antigens in a North Carolina beef herd.

Very recently, Bartonella organisms have been isolated from large ruminants (deer, elk, and dairy and beef cattle) located in the United States and in France. In this study, we report the serologic, microbiologic, and molecular findings related to the isolation of a Bartonella species in North Carolina beef cattle and the detection of nanobacterial antigen using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Between August 1998 and September 1999, blood was collected from 38 cattle ranging in age from 1 month to 6.5 years. After a 1-month incubation period, a Bartonella sp. was isolated on a 5% rabbit blood agar plate from three of six EDTA blood samples. PCR amplification of the 16S rRNA gene from all three isolates resulted in a DNA sequence that was 100% identical to that of B. weissii 16S rRNA (GenBank no. AF199502). By IFA testing, 36 of 38 cattle had antibodies (> or =1:64) to Bartonella weissii (bovine origin) antigens. Nanobacterial antigen was detected in 22 of 22 serum samples. We conclude that infection with an organism similar or closely related to B. weissii can occur in North Carolina cattle and that although their actual existence is still controversial Nanobacterium antigens were detected with a commercially available test kit. The epidemiology, vector biology, and potential pathogenicity of these organisms in cattle deserve future consideration.

Alphaproteobacteria↗
PubMed1999

Immune response of neonatal specific pathogen-free cats to experimental infection with Bartonella henselae.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether neonatal cats develop and maintain a persistent bacteremia for longer than do adult cats with a normal mature immune system, and whether neonatal cats are susceptible to infection with Bartonella henselae by oral inoculation. Neonatal specific pathogen-free (SPF) cats were inoculated with B. henselae intradermally (n = 4) or orally (n = 5) or with 0.9% NaCl (n = 2). Blood was collected periodically through 16 weeks post-inoculation (PI) for serology, bacteriology and complete blood count. Cats inoculated orally or intradermally at 3-5 days of age were bacteremic through 12-16 weeks PI, similar to what is documented for adult cats inoculated intradermally or intravenously. One cat inoculated at age 2 weeks was bacteremic through 10 weeks PI; the other was not bacteremic. Intradermally inoculated neonatal cats produced serum IgG antibodies to B. henselae but orally inoculated neonatal cats did not. Infected cats with and without serum IgG antibodies to B. henselae became blood-culture negative simultaneously, suggesting that IgG is not required to clear bacteremia.

Animals↗