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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1952

Albumin and globulin circulation in experimental ascites; relative rates of interchange between plasma and ascitic fluid studied with C14-labeled proteins.

Plasma containing carbon(14)-labeled albumin and globulin, obtained by feeding epsilon-C(14)D,L.-lysine to a donor dog, has been injected intravenously and intraperitoneally into recipient dogs with experimental ascites. The circulation and interchange of total plasma protein between circulating blood and ascitic fluid have been confirmed and the participation of both albumin and globulin in this interchange has been demonstrated. Labeled albumin tends to reach equilibrium in plasma and ascitic fluid in a shorter period of time (1 to 2 days) than does globulin (2 or more days), after administration of labeled plasma by either route. Evidence is presented that the rate of transfer of albumin across the peritoneal membrane is at least three times faster than that of globulin in terms of weight.

Albumins↗
PubMed2001

Serum-ascites albumin gradient: a predictor of esophageal varices with ascites.

Other investigators have found that in adults the Serum-Ascites Albumin Gradient (SAAG) to be 1.1 g/dl or greater in the presence of portal hypertension (PTHN) and less than that in its absence. We sought to determine the correlation between the level of SAAG and the complications of PTHN, manifested by the presence of esophageal varices in children with ascites. Our study included 26 patients with cirrhosis, diagnosed by liver biopsy and 14 patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) diagnosed by established criteria. The SAAG was measured in all patients. The patients with cirrhosis had upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy for assessment of esophageal varices (EV). We found that 84.6% (22 of 26) patients with cirrhosis had High SAAG (> or = 1.1 g/dl) and 15.4% (4 of 26) had low SAAG (< 1.1 g/dl) (p < 0.001). EV was found in 91% (20 of 22) patients with high SAAG and in 50% (2 of 4) patients with low SAAG (p = 0.013). The SAAG differentiated cirrhosis with EV from those without EV (sensitivity = 91%, specificity = 50%, positive predictive value = 91%, negative predictive value = 50% and efficacy = 85%). The high SAAG is a useful means to predict the presence of EV in children with ascites.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Glycosidases of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and ascitic fluid--purification and substrate specificity of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase and alpha-galactosidase: comparison with coffee bean alpha-galactosidase.

Ehrlich ascites tumor cells and ascitic fluid were assayed for glycosidase activity. alpha-Galactosidase and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-mannosidase, alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase, and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase activities were detected using p-nitrophenyl glycosides as substrates. alpha-Galactosidase and alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase were isolated from Ehrlich ascites tumor cells on epsilon-aminocaproylgalactosylamine-Sepharose. alpha-Galactosidase was purified 160,000-fold and was free of other glycosidase activities. alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase was also purified 160,000-fold but exhibited a weak alpha-galactosidase activity which appears to be inherent in this enzyme. Substrate specificity of the alpha-galactosidase was investigated with 12 substrates and compared with that of the corresponding coffee bean enzyme. The pH optimum of the Ehrlich cell alpha-galactosidase centered near 4.5, irrespective of substrate, whereas the pH optimum of the coffee bean enzyme for PNP-alpha-Gal was 6.0, which is 1.5 pH units higher than that for other substrates of the coffee bean enzyme. The reverse was found for alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase: the pH optimum for the hydrolysis of PNP-alpha-GalNAc was 3.6, lower than the pH 4.5 required for the hydrolysis of GalNAc alpha 1,3Gal. Coffee bean alpha-galactosidase showed a relatively broad substrate specificity, suggesting that it is suited for cleaving many kinds of terminal alpha-galactosyl linkages. On the other hand, the substrate specificity of Ehrlich alpha-galactosidase appears to be quite narrow. This enzyme was highly active toward the terminal alpha-galactosyl linkages of Ehrlich glycoproteins and laminin, both of which possess Gal alpha 1, 3Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc beta-trisaccharide sequences. The alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase was found to be active toward the blood group type A disaccharide, and trisaccharide, and glycoproteins with type A-active carbohydrate chains.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A new serine protease which preferentially recognizes p-guanidino-L-phenylalanyl residue in ascitic plasma from Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice.

A new enzyme which hydrolyzes anilide substrates of p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine in preference to those of arginine was found in the ascitic plasma from Ehrlich ascites tumor-bearing mice. The activity of this enzyme on N alpha-benzyloxycarbonyl-p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine p-nitroanilide was strongly inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride but not by sulfhydryl-reactive reagents and metal chelating agents. Peptide substrates containing p-guanidino-L-phenylalanine were hydrolyzed by this enzyme much faster than those containing arginine. These results suggest that this enzyme is a different type of serine protease from trypsin and thrombin. This enzyme was also found in the human gastric and colon cancer cells and their surrounding ascitic plasmas.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Hemodialysis alternative with ascites ultrafiltration for an end-stage renal failure patient associated with tense ascites secondary to decompensated liver cirrhosis.

Patients with end-stage renal disease combined with tense ascites caused by decompensated liver cirrhosis are sometimes encountered in a hemodialysis center. A big problem for the management of these patients is the tendency of hypotension during ultrafiltration. Subsequent fluid accumulation, especially in the abdominal cavity, causes breathing difficulty and abdominal discomfort. We present a new technique, ascites ultrafiltration, to solve this problem. Using the same equipment as for ordinary hemodialysis, and incurring the same cost, we removed directly approximately 8 L of ascites fluid during each nearly 4-hour session. No hemodynamic instability was noted. We proved this technique to be an effective and safe alternative method for this group of patients.

Ascites↗
PubMed1980

Studies on the kinetics of initial cycle progression in vitro of ascites tumour cells subsequent to isolation from ascites fluid.

A method is described for determining the duration of cell cycle phases traversed by cells responding to release from proliferation restraint. Experiments have been performed with arrested Yoshida ascites hepatoma cells allowed to re-enter the growing stage after transfer of cells from the late stage of ascites into an in vitro incubation system. Experimentally, this method requires information on the rate of incorporation of labelled thymidine and on the rate of increase in cell number. The rate of [14C]thymidine incorporation in vitro was shown to be directly proportional to the number of cells synthesizing DNA. This was shown by correlating data from measurements of the rate of thymidine incorporation with those from measurements of the labelling index of the cell population. Theoretically, the method is based on analysis of the region limited by two integral curves, one corresponding to the kinetics of cell entry into and the other to the kinetics of exit from the S-phase. From data on the actual rate of increase in the total number of cells and data on the S-phase duration it is possible to obtain information on the cytokinetics of growth resumption by the ascites cell population.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Ascites in broilers. 1. Experimental factors evoking symptoms related to ascites.

Male broilers of two genetically related stocks with divergent growth rates and feed conversion ratios were used to study metabolic backgrounds on the occurrence of pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, hypoxemia, and ascites in poultry. An experiment with a 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 factorial split-plot arrangement of treatments with 96 groups of 12 broilers was performed. Effects of stock and environmental factors such as ambient temperature, dietary fat, and dietary energy on performance, energy metabolism, oxygen consumption, hematocrit values, and mortality were investigated in broilers from 1 to 5 wk of age. Dissimilar responses of the two stocks to environmental factors reflected genotype by environment interactions and revealed metabolic disorders related to heart failure and ascites. The results indicated that in the stock with the lower feed conversion ratio, a fast protein accretion was achieved together with a reduced ability to convert chemical energy to metabolic heat and to deposit body fat directly from ingested fat. Birds with a low feed conversion ratio show less flexibility in metabolic adaptation to a changing environment, which can account for the development of ascites.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1985

Potentiation of antitumor effect of bleomycin by lipid-surfactant mixed micelles. I. In vivo and tumor-neutralizing activity against mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor and rat ascites hepatoma AH66.

Mixed micelles (MM) composed of polyoxyethylated (60 mol) hydrogenated castor oil (HCO60) as a harmless surfactant and linoleic acid (LA) as an essential fatty acid potentiated the antitumor activity of bleomycin (BLM). In the in vivo experiment, intraperitoneal administration of BLM with MM significantly prolonged the survival time of male ddY mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor and male Donryu rats bearing ascites hepatoma AH 66 inoculated intraperitoneally, compared with that of animals treated with BLM alone, BLM with HCO60, and BLM with LA, respectively, whereas MM had no antitumor effect to both tumors. Also in Winn-type tumor-neutralizing assay in which 10 male ddY mice were innoculated intraperitoneally with Ehrlich ascites tumor cells preincubated with a test material, BLM with MM showed a more marked enhancing activity with 3 surviving tumor-free mice than did BLM alone.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Abortive influenza virus infection in Ehrlich ascitic cancer cells. Further studies of the properties of ascitic virus].

Non-infectious virus particles produced by influenza virus (classical fowl plague)-infected Ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells have the same morphology, size and sedimentation rate as the standard virions. Their main difference from the allantoic virus is their extreme fragility. They remain intact upon a short-term centrifugation in sucrose solutions but desintegrate upon prolonged centrifugation. In isopicnic fractionation they are detected in two forms, with a density of 1.23 g/ml retaining the hemagglutinating but not the neuraminidase activity and with a density of 1.27 g/ml deprived of both hemagglutinating and neuraminidase activity. In the electron microscopic examination the 1.23 g/ml structure appears as virus particles with defective areas in the surface spikes layer whereas the 1.27 g/ml structure has no spike layer at all. The protein analysis by polyacryl amide gel electrophoresis revealed a sharply reduced amount of the membrane protein in the ascitic virus. A hypothesis is suggested according to which the reduced amount of the membrane protein is the cause of the unusual fragility of ascitic virus particle membranes as a result of which they readily lose glycoproteins which, in its turn, leads to their reduced infectious activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Intravenous re-infusion of ascitic fluid in patients with treatment-resistant cirrhotic ascites (author's transl)].

Unmodified ascitic fluid was re-infused into 14 patients with treatment-resistant cirrhotic ascites. Re-infusion lasted for 41 hours, divided over five days, with an average duration of 8 3/4 hours per day. Weight reduction averaged 10.5 kg, decrease in abdominal circumference 13 cm. Urine production rose by an average of + 23.7%. Azotaemia and abnormal serum electrolytes levels tended towards normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Combined ascitic--fluid and furosemide infusion: a therapeutic option for massive diuretic-resistant ascites and severe oliguria of hepatic cirrhosis.

We describe the successful use of combined ascitic-fluid and furosemide infusion as a therapeutic option in the management of massive diuretic-resistant ascites and severe oliguria of hepatic cirrhosis in a 30-year-old Nigerian male farmer. It is simple, safe, convenient and effective treatment modality. The mechanics of this procedure seen against the backgroup of the pathogenesis of sodium retention and renal dysfunction in hepatic cirrhosis is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Management of life threatening diuretic-resistant ascites by ultrafiltration and reinfusion of the ascitic fluid after dialysis].

The case of a young patient is described who suffered from hepatic cirrhosis with vascular decompensation. In earlier hospital treatment the ascites was resistant to diuretics. After a 2-month-long unsuccessful conservative therapy owing to the perilous state the ascites was reinfused in the circulation after ultrafiltration and dialysis. Remission was reached after 19 treatments and the patient is after 8 months still in balanced condition with the oral administration of diuretics.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Circulatory and respiratory effects of aspiration and reinfusion of ascites in cirrhosis. Apropos of 14 ascitic attacks treated by this method].

Aspiration and replacement of ascites in 14 patients with cirrhosis was carried out using a Rhodiascit (Rhône-Poulenc) apparatus. Hemodynamic studies were used to evaluate the effects of this therapy on circulatory and respiratory parameters. Results showed that the hemodynamic tolerance of the treatment, which produces a slow increase in blood volume, was excellent as there was an increase in the cardiac index without raising the pressure under which replacement was made. Futhermore, no adverse effects on blood respiratory functions were noted in these patients who had blood hypoxia before treatment, but the removal of ascitic fluid produced no improvement in arterial gasometric parameters which is contrary to what one would expect.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effects of the Landschütz ascites carcinoma and ascitic fluid on macrophage activity in C. parvum-injected mice.

I.p. administration of 1.4 mg Corynebacterium parvum (C. parvum) 24 h before inoculation of Landschütz ascites carcinoma (LAC) cells significantly impaired growth of the tumour in MF1 mice. The injection of tumour cells caused a transient inhibition of the activity of the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) in both normal and C. parvum-treated hosts, as evidenced by impaired clearance of colloidal carbon from the bloodstream and reduction in hepatic phagocytosis of 51Cr-labelled sheep erythrocytes. Depression in Kupffer-cell activity was associated with a shift in particle distribution towards the spleen. The pronounced hepatosplenomegaly in response to C. parvum was significantly less in animals which also received tumour cells. Histological examination of liver and spleen revealed evidence of depressed MPS activity. Granuloma production in the liver in response to C. parvum was inhibited in tumour-bearing mice, and macrophage proliferation within the spleen was also reduced. Ascitic fluid showed similar inhibitory effects to those of tumour-cell suspensions, suggesting production by LAC of a heat-stable macrophage-inhibitory factor.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Investigation of the procoagulant activity present in ascitic fluid and serum of mice bearing the Landschütz ascites carcinoma.

The direct procoagulant activity (PCA) of murine tumour cells was found to be more than three orders of magnitude greater than an equivalent concentration of either resident or Corynebacterium parvum-elicited, exudate peritoneal cells. Similarly, a soluble PCA was detected in the extracellular culture medium of only the tumour cells. Studies on the procoagulant nature of the serum and ascitic fluid of tumour-bearing animals suggested that the ascitic fluid may contain a unique PCA factor(s). This activity could not, however, be resolved from inherent procoagulant factors, either by gel filtration or ammonium sulphate fractionation, and a more specific assay for, say, a single enzymic reaction in the coagulation cascade would be required to identify the tumour-associated activity.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Low molecular weight immunosuppressive factors found in elevated amounts in cancer ascitic fluids of mice. 2. 1-Methyladenosine isolated from cancer ascitic fluids enhances Listeria infection in mice.

The low molecular weight fraction (mol wt less than 1,000) of Ehrlich cancer ascitic fluid has been known to enhance Listeria infection in mice. Chemical characterization of the entities in this fraction revealed four purine and pyrimidine analogues, i.e. uric acid, uracil, pseudouridine and 1-methyladenosine (m1Ado). When the effect of each of these components was studied on Listeria infection in mice, only m1Ado markedly enhanced the infection and killed the mice within a short period. The optimal enhancement was obtained when m1Ado was given intravenously to mice 3-6 days before the infection at a concentration of between 1 and 100 micrograms/mouse. On the other hand, uric acid, uracil and pseudouridine failed to show such an enhancing effect. m1Ado inhibited macrophage accumulation in the peritoneal cavity of mice after an intraperitoneal injection of phytohemagglutinin. Although m1Ado did not show any inhibitory effect on the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of macrophages in vitro, peritoneal macrophages obtained from mice which received m1Ado 3 days ahead revealed impaired bactericidal activity, suggesting the migration of different cell populations from the bone marrow of m1Ado-receiving mice. The results may suggest that m1Ado is a major factor in tumor ascites causing, in small doses, an impairment of macrophage functioning as can be detected in tumor-bearing hosts.

Adenosine↗