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At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Abnormalities of the testes and epididymis in bucks and rams slaughtered at Debre Zeit abattoir, Ethiopia.

A study was conducted at Debre Zeit export abattoir on 404 bucks belonging to four breeds and 167 rams of two breeds. The animals were selected from the slaughter flock using stratified sampling based on breed. Ante-mortem and post-mortem examinations were carried out after each animal was carefully identified. Various genital abnormalities were observed, among which testicular atrophy and epididymitis were the predominant genital problems in both bucks and rams. The prevalence of cryptorchidism was higher (p<0.05) in bucks than in rams, while epididymitis (p<0.05), sperm granuloma (p<0.01) and epididymal cysts (p<0.05) were more frequent in rams. In bucks, none of these abnormalities was significantly associated with age (p>0.05). However, testicular atrophy (p<0.01), epididymitis (p<0.01) and haemorrhagic lesions (p<0.05) were associated with breed, the prevalence being higher in Woito-Guji and Boran bucks than in the Arsi-Bale and Afar breeds. In rams, age affected (p<0.05) the incidence of testicular atrophy, epididymitis and sperm granulomas. Epididymitis, sperm granuloma and epididymal cysts were more frequent (p<0.01) in Adal rams than in Black Head Somalis.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2003

[Prevalence of Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum in the cow: inspection in an east Switzerland abattoir].

On the basis of meat inspection in an abattoir in the eastern part of Switzerland, the incidence of liverflukes in cattle was recorded weekly during one year. The prevalence was compared with surveys from the seventies and nineties. The average incidence of Dicrocoelium dendriticum infection did not change. Although the prevalence of Fasciola hepatica apparently slightly decreased, an actual decrease of liverflukes could not be demonstrated.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2002

Abattoir condemnation due to parasitic infections and its economic implications in the region of Trikala, Greece.

The prevalence of parasitic infections responsible for the condemnation of carcasses and viscera during meat inspection, and their economic implication, was estimated in a year long abattoir survey of 10 277 slaughtered farm animals in the region of Trikala, Greece. The organs examined for the presence of parasitic lesions during meat inspection were: liver and lungs of all animals, rumen of cattle, small intestine of lambs and kids, and muscles of cattle and swine. The parasitic lesions observed in the lungs of cattle, sheep and goats were caused only by hydatid cysts. No hydatid cysts were observed in the lungs of swine. The parasitic lesions observed in the liver of cattle, sheep and goats were as a result of hydatid cysts and flukes of Fasciola hepatica and Dicrocoelium dendriticum, while those of swine were due to milk spots only. Moniezia sp. proglottids were found in the small intestine of lambs only. The prevalence of parasites responsible for the condemnation of marketable organs was low (0.26%). Parasites were responsible for 22% of the total of condemned organs, and their annual cost was 99, 00 GDR (approximately 292 Euros). The parasites most contributing to marketable organ condemnation were hydatid cysts (26%) and D. dendriticum flukes (26%).

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2000

The relationship between hide cleanliness and bacterial numbers on beef carcasses at a commercial abattoir.

Cattle were visually inspected in the lairage of a commercial abattoir and assigned to a category ranging from 1 (very clean) to 5 (very dirty) depending on the observed cleanliness of the hide. Animals from categories 2, 3 and 5 were slaughtered and total viable counts (TVCs) enumerated at five sites (hock, brisket, cranial back, bung and inside round) on the subsequent carcasses. The TVCs at the hock were significantly higher on category 5 than on category 2 carcasses (P < 0.05). Similarly, TVCs at the brisket were significantly higher on categories 3 and 5 than on category 2 carcasses (P < 0.05). There were no differences in counts among the categories at any of the other sites. The TVCs averaged over the five carcass sites were higher for category 5 than for category 2 carcasses (P < 0.05). The TVCs at the brisket were significantly higher than all other sites (P < 0.01). In general, carcasses from category 2 animals slaughtered in a batch with dirtier animals (categories 3 and 5) did not have higher TVCs than carcasses of category 2 animals slaughtered at the beginning of the day in the absence of dirtier animals. The introduction of improved hygienic practices during the dehiding of category 4 animals resulted in reduced TVCs at the brisket (P < 0.001).

Abattoirs↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimating the trend of the French BSE epidemic over six birth cohorts through the analysis of abattoir screening in 2001 and 2002.

A bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) testing programme at the abattoir started in 2001 in France. A total of 5 281 293 bovines were tested in 2001 and 2002; 87 were found positive in 2001--37 per million (95% CI 30-46)--, whereas only 71 in 2002--24 per million (95% CI 19-30). Logistic regression models were run to compare the prevalence of BSE on successive birth cohorts, using a pair-wise method of controlling for age at testing; the prevalence on the first one, determined on animals slaughtered in 2001, was compared to the prevalence on the following one determined on animals slaughtered in 2002. Five models were performed in order to compare the birth cohorts preceding and following the months of June 1993 (i.e. July 92-June 93 birth cohort compared to July 93-June 94 birth cohort) (8.5 years old cattle), June 1994 (7.5 years old cattle), June 1995 (6.5 years old cattle), June 1996 (5.5 years old cattle) and June 1997 (4.5 years old cattle). The models were adjusted for the production type of cattle and the test used. The results showed a significant increase (OR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.08-4.9) of the BSE prevalence between the July 93-June 94 and July 94-June 95 cohorts, and then a significant decrease over the next two birth cohorts; the July 95-June 96 birth cohort was significantly less affected than the July 94-June 95 one (OR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.27-0.78), and the July 96-June 97 birth cohort was significantly less affected than the July 95-June 96 one (OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.07-0.37). The increase in BSE prevalence between the July 93-June 94 and July 94-June 95 cohorts was in agreement with modelling studies, but needs to be confronted to the data on fallen stock at the national level. The decrease in BSE prevalence on the birth cohorts born after June 1995 was in agreement with the findings on the fallen stock in the western part of France and matches the implementation of the removal of specified risk materials (SRM) and dead animals from the processing of meat and bone meal (MBM) since June 1996.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1987

Hepatic fascioliasis in the abattoirs of Basrah.

Hepatic fascioliasis due to Fasciola gigantica among slaughtered animals was studied at the Basrah abattoirs from October 1984 to September 1985. The infection rates were 4.8, 3.3, 0.72 and 0.13% for buffaloes, cattle, sheep and goats respectively. The approximate annual loss due to condemnation of infected livers is estimated as 29,855 Iraqi dinars.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1994

Isolated in-vitro perfusion of pig hearts obtained from the abattoir: an alternative to animal experiments?

Isolated pig hearts (German farm pigs) were characterized after global in-vivo ischaemia as a potential alternative to in-vivo animal studies. Hearts were harvested from adult farm swine at the abattoir 10.3 +/- 2.1 min after incision of the carotid artery. They were immediately perfused and thereafter stored in ice-cold cardioplegic (St Thomas's) solution. After 38 +/- 3 min, retrograde perfusion was started with oxygenated pig blood (37 degrees C; 5000 U Heparin.l-1; pH 7.38 +/- 0.1; 11 mmol glucose.l-1) at a flow rate of 85 ml.min-1 100 g-1 wet weight (gww-1) for 30 min (n = 10). Additionally, shortly after obtaining the hearts, ATP and CP content were measured by enzymatic tests in 10 pigs at the beginning and after 15 and 30 min of reperfusion. Heart rate was 90 +/- 14 min-1 with little variation during 30 min. Perfusion pressure increased from 89 +/- 17 mmHg to 100 +/- 17 mmHg (NS). Wet weight rose from 488 +/- 33 to 548 +/- 45 g (P < 0.002). CK increased from 2180 +/- 558 to 5900 +/- 1018 U.l-1 (P < 0.001). Calcium in the perfusate decreased from 2.45 +/- 0.15 to 2.2 +/- 0.25 mmol.l-1 and magnesium increased from 0.85 +/- 0.2 to 1.79 +/- 0.35 mmol.l-1 (both P < 0.001). The transmural ATP and CP content was 2.8 +/- 0.48 and 5.08 +/- 0.88 mumol.gww-1.ATP fell moderately during reperfusion to 2.6 +/- 0.35 mumol (NS) and CP rose to 6.0 +/- 1.2 mumol (P < 0.04).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2003

Prevalence of scrapie infection in Great Britain: interpreting the results of the 1997-1998 abattoir survey.

An accurate estimate of the prevalence of scrapie infection in the Great Britain (GB) sheep flock is essential when assessing any potential risk to human health through exposure to sheep transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs). One method for assessing the prevalence is to sample sheep intended for human consumption using a diagnostic test capable of detecting infected animals prior to the onset of clinical signs. An abattoir survey conducted in Great Britain in 1997-1998 tested brain samples from 2809 apparently healthy sheep of which none was found to be positive for scrapie by histopathology or immunohistochemistry (IHC) although 10 were positive for scrapie-associated fibrils (SAF). Subsequently, the tonsils from a subset of the animals sampled were examined using IHC, one of which tested positive. To interpret these results we use a likelihood-based approach, which accounts for the variation in the prevalence of infection with age and test sensitivity and specificity with stage of infection. Combining the results for all of the diagnostic tests yields an estimate of the prevalence of scrapie infection in the GB sheep flock of 0.22% (95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.97%). Moreover, our analysis suggests that all of the diagnostic tests used are very specific (greater than 99%). Indeed, only SAF detection yields a specificity estimate of less than 100%, which helps to account for the high number of samples found to be positive for SAF.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2000

Campylobacter lanienae sp. nov., a new species isolated from workers in an abattoir.

Campylobacter-like organisms were isolated from the faeces of healthy individuals during a hygiene survey of abattoir workers. The strains, which exhibited characteristics of Campylobacter, being non-glucose-fermenting, oxidase- and catalase-positive, Gram-negative, motile rods, were identified to the genus level by a PCR assay. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene, DNA homology experiments and determination of G + C content demonstrated that they constituted a previously undescribed species, whose nearest phylogenetic neighbours were Campylobacter hyointestinalis subsp. hyointestinalis, Campylobacter fetus and Campylobacter mucosalis. The name Campylobacter lanienae sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon and species-specific PCR primers were evaluated which will find use in the study of its epidemiology, prevalence and pathogenicity.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2006

Streptococcus gallinaceus bacteraemia in an abattoir worker presenting with a febrile illness.

Streptococcus gallinaceus is a newly described species of viridans streptococci, previously only identified as causing disease in broiler chickens. This organism was recovered in pure culture from blood taken from a New Zealand abattoir worker presenting with a febrile illness. This first report of bacteraemia caused by S. gallinaceus in a human may help the understanding of the ecology of this recently described organism.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed2005

Prevalence of fasciolosis in Zambian cattle observed at selected abattoirs with emphasis on age, sex and origin.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and some factors influencing occurrence of fasciolosis in cattle, carried out at selected major abattoirs in Zambia. Of 841 cattle livers inspected and 677 faecal samples analysed, prevalence rates of 53.9% and 48.9%, respectively, were found. Cumulative prevalence of 60.9% (n = 677) was recorded. According to age, no significant difference of infection was found. Female cattle on liver inspection (59.3%) and coprological examination (65.2%) had significantly higher (P < 0.001) rates than males (44.5% and 36.3% respectively). Origin of cattle had a significant influence (P < 0.001) on the prevalence rate. According to fluke egg count classification, 68.5% of cattle had light infection, 20.9% moderate, 4.4% heavy and 6.2% severe. These results indicate that Fasciola gigantica infection is an important condition that leads to high liver condemnations and/or trimmings in cattle tendered for slaughter.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1975

A study of the number and phage patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in an abattoir.

Two hundred and forty-seven samples were taken from various areas within an abattoir and the levels of Staphylococcus aureus determined. Sixty-one phage patterns were found in the 141 samples containing coagulase-positive staphylococci. The incidence of coagulase positive staphylococci increased as processing progressed. Articles such as mesh gloves, hands and aprons which were either difficult to effectively clean or maintained at elevated temperatures harboured the greatest numbers of staphylococci. Over 50% of the positive samples contained multiple phage patterns of staphylococci.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1975

A pathological and bacteriological abattoir survey of the reproductive tracts of merino ewes in Western Australia.

Macroscopic examination of 487 ewe reproductive tracts from 18 different sources was made at Perth abattoirs. Of these, 194 were examined microscopically and 217 bacteriologically. Observations were made during March to May, when ewes were not grazing oestrogenic pasture. Significant lesions in ovaries or oviducts were rare. Macroscopic cysts were found in the uterus or cervix of 159 ewes (32.7%). Microscopic lesions, including uterine or cervical cysts and squamous metaplasia or goblet cell hyperplasia of the epithelium, were observed in 76% of ewes studied. Bacteria were isolated from 59 ewes, the most common genera being Corynebacterium, Escherichia, Streptococcus and Bacillus. Escherichia coli and streptococci appeared to be the most commonly associated with endometritis. Presence of bacteria was closely associated with endometritis and with cysts in the cervix. Endometritis was observed microscopically in 48 ewes (24%) and was significantly associated with the presence of cysts in the uterus or cervix. These results suggest that there is a high incidence of clover disease lesions in West Australian ewes, and that under commercial conditions clover disease may cause functional damage to the cervix, allowing passage of bacteria and resulting in endometritis.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1977

Hermaphrodites in australian pigs. Occurrence and morphology in an abattoir survey.

In an abattoir study in Brisbane 19 hermaphrodites were found amongst 4000 pigs (0.475%). All pigs had female secondary genitalia with a tendency towards clitoridean enlargement and excessive erectile tissue below the vulva. The gonads had developed as testes, ovotestes or ovaries and were in the position of the ovaries in normal females. Ovaries were as in normal females, apart from a possibly higher incidence of cysts. Ovarian activity was reflected by the different cyclic stages of the normal uteri at the time of slaughter. In testes and ovotestes there was no spermatogenesis, but an increased proportion of interstitial cells of Leydig and a large amount of fat. It is estimated that in a herd of pigs about 1% of apparent females may be hermaphrodites, most of which are sterile. Economic loss may be caused if these animals are selected for breeding, apart from the possibility of other congenital abnormalities in herds with a high incidence of hermaphroditism. Tainting of meat products prepared from hermaphrodite pigs may also cause economic loss. It is pointed out that the phenotypic classification of hermaphrodites is of limited value and it is suggested that a pathogenetic classification should be established for domestic animals.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1977

An abattoir survey of bull genitalia.

This paper describes a survey of 504 bull genitalia collected after slaughter at 3 Western Australian abattoirs over 18 months. Details of the gross pathology, histopathology, and microbiology of the genitalia, and physical dimensions of the testicles are presented. The major breeds represented were Hereford (30%), Shorthorn (16%), Friesian (14.3%), and Aberdeen Angus (13.9%). The mean age of 263 bulls (52.6%) was 4.4 years. The mean length and breadth of 469 paired testicles was 10.8 cm and 6.9 cm respectively. Pathological conditions of the testicles were present in 61/469 (13%) bulls and in the epididymides of 37/469 (7.9%) bulls. Campylobacter fetus was isolated from 20 (4%) bulls, Tritrichomonas foetus was isolated from 6 (1.2%) bulls, and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus was isolated from 14/158 (8.9%) bulls. Histories were supplied by stock owners for 307 (60.9%) bulls and these did not relate well to the findings of the survey. The findings of this survey were compared, in particular, to similar studies carried out in Australia.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1980

The role of equipment having accidental or indirect contact with the carcase in the spread of Salmonella in an abattoir.

Counts of salmonellae were performed by the most probable number technique on steels, aprons, scabbards and on structures within the abattoir with which carcases made accidental contact. Counts on steels ranged from 0-153 salmonellae per steel; aprons from 0-14 per 100 cm2; scabbards from 0-greater than 3667 per scabbard; and carcase bump points from 0-40 per 100 cm2. Contamination rates were highest for the equipment of workers whose job functions brought them in contact with the hide.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1980

Salmonellae on posts, hand-rails and hands in a beef abattoir.

Counts of salmonellae were done by the most probable number technique on samples collected from the hands of abattoir workers as well as on samples from hand-rails and posts regularly touched by the workers. Salmonellae were isolated from the hands of 52% of the workers who handled the hide. They had the highest average counts with counts ranging from 0 to greater than 3663 salmonellae. The remaining workers on the slaughter floor and those in the boning room had generally lower counts with contamination rates of 28% and 45% respectively. Only 3 of the 100 samples collected from the hand-rails and posts contained salmonellae. The average count was 0.11 per 100 cm2.

Abattoirs↗
PubMed1981

An abattoir survey of tuberculosis in feral buffaloes.

Tuberculosis lesions were found in 193 (1.7%) of 11,322 buffaloes examined during routine post-mortem inspection at 2 export abattoirs. The prevalence of tuberculosis in buffaloes supplied from 17 separate farms ranged from 0.3% to 8.22%, with the highest levels occurring on the coastal plains. Lesions were confirmed to one major body region in 50 of 72 randomly chosen cases of tuberculosis and to 2 or more regions in 22 cases. Thoracic lesions occurred in 65 of the 72 cases, abdominal lesions in 19, head lesions in 18 and carcase lesions in 9. In the thoracic cavity, lesions occurred most frequently in mediastinal and bronchial lymph nodes. In the head region the retropharyngeal lymph node was most frequently involved, in the abdominal cavity, the liver, and in the carcase, the deep inguinal lymph node. Tuberculosis lesions in buffaloes had a lardaceous consistency and were paler in colour and less calcified than those normally exhibited by cattle. Mycobacteria were isolated from 30 to 31 lesion samples submitted for bacteriological examination. Of the isolates, 25 were identified as Mycobacterium bovis, 3 as M. avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum complex, one as M. fortuitum and one as M. flavescens. The M. bovis isolates from buffaloes showed minor cultural differences to those normally characteristic of bovine isolates.

Abattoirs↗