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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1975

[Measurement of kidney function using combined PAH-inulin clearance before and after bactericide treatment of chronic pyelonephritis].

On account of the solution of the problem, whether already after a four weeks' therapy with antibiotics in chronic progressing pyelonephritis a measurable increase of function may develop, the combined PAH-inulin-clearance was performed 35 times. 9 patients did not show a clear restriction of the clearance, wherefore in these cases a control examination was not necessary. In 10 patients of 12 an increase was present, in 7 patients a significant increase of the renal function existed after the therapy carried out. Therefore already after antibiotic impact therapy in patients with chronic pyelonephritis without provable acute episode an improvement of the function can occur, which is to be increased or kept by means of the long-term treatment.

Aminohippuric Acids↗
PubMed1975

[A new organ perfusion system: Successful preservation of kidney function for 72 hrs (author's transl)].

A new preservation system is described. In this unit 17 dog kidneys were nonpulsatile perfused with hypothermic human albumin for 72 hrs and then transplanted. All kidneys started immediately to function and the PAH and inulin clearances attained normal values at least at the 7th postoperative day. The quality of the immediate function is referred to the applied perfusion pressure (20 mm Hg) and the applied temperature of the perfusion medium (7.5 degrees C). During preservation substrate utilization (oxygen, unesterified fatty acids) and the accumulation of toxic metabolic products (ammonia, uric acid) were controlled in the perfusate. Their importance concerning to the limitation of preservation time is discussed.

Albumins↗
PubMed2001

[Change in kidney function in elderly patients in the perioperative phase].

BACKGROUND: Reduction in organ function is a common problem in the perioperative period of the elderly patient. Especially renal function is often decreased in this situation. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a prospective study, we assessed the perioperative changes of renal function in elderly (> 65 years, n = 30) and younger (< 65 years, n = 30) patients without preoperative renal dysfunction who were scheduled for major abdominal surgery. After induction of anesthesia (t0), at the end of surgery (t1), 4 h after surgery (t2), and on the first (t3), second (t4) and third postoperative day (t5), alpha-1-microglobulin, beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, fractional sodium clearance, and creatinine clearance were measured. RESULTS: The creatinine clearance was significantly higher at all time points in the elderly than in the younger patients (p < 0.05). Fractional sodium clearance showed no significant differences between the two groups. At t4 and t5, alpha-1-microglobulin had increased significantly from the baseline value only in the elderly patients. Beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase was significantly elevated compared with the baseline value in the elderly patients and also differed significantly from younger patients during the study period. CONCLUSION: In elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, short-term alternations in the renal system were observed in the perioperative period. With adequate volume replacement, no relevant disturbances in renal function are to be expected in the elderly surgical patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Residual kidney function and plasma urea concentration in patients with chronic renal failure.

The relationships between the plasma levels of urea (P(urea)), renal clearance of urea (C(urea)) and creatinine (Ccr) at an intake of 0.5 g protein/kg body weight/day were followed in 10 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) under balance conditions. Under these conditions, P(urea) attained a value of 30 mmol/l when C(urea) had decreased below 3.8 ml/min. By contrast, no correlation could be demonstrated between P(urea) and Ccr under these conditions. The same relationships were followed in another group of 30 outpatients with CRF. Even in patients not followed under balance conditions, C(urea) determination makes it possible to establish whether the high increase in P(urea) is due to the decrease in residual renal function below the critical level or whether extrarenal factors are involved. Likewise, no significant correlation between P(urea) and Ccr could be demonstrated under these conditions. The findings suggest that C(urea) measurement in CRF patients helps to assess residual renal function in terms of P(urea) regulation and provides information that cannot be obtained by Ccr measurement.

Blood Urea Nitrogen↗
PubMed1975

[Kidney function after extensive resection of the intestine].

Experimentally on 52 dogs and clinically in 46 patients it was found that extensive enterectomy of the distal small intestine, in particular, would induce alterations in the renal function and grave disorders in kalium metabolism. In treatment of patients subjected to extensive enterectomy, it is recommended to use the therapeutic complex contributing not only to rehabilitation of the digestive function but also to normalization of the renal activity and blood water-electrolyte content, special attention being attached to a correction of kalium metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Kidney function and quantitative histological changes in patients on long-term lithium therapy.

Renal function and structure were studied in 57 patients on long-term lithium treatment. Nine per cent had a moderate decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR), 75% had decreased concentrating ability. No correlation between GFR and the duration of the lithium treatment was found. Twenty-four renal biopsy specimens were studied by light microscopy and compared with kidney biopsies from an age-matched control group of patients without arterial hypertension and who had never been treated with lithium or neuroleptics, but who suffered from acute oliguria or slight proteinuria. The number of sclerotic glomeruli and the focal distribution of intestitial fibrosis was significantly increased in the group of patients treated with lithium. No difference in the total amount of fibrous tissue or the number of atrophic tubules was demonstrated. There was no correlation between the duration of lithium treatment and the structural changes. The biopsy material originated from patients treated with a single and reduced dose regimen only. This regimen might explain the few and slight structural changes found, in contrast to other investigations in which patients were treated with lithium in divided doses.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Interpreting lab values affected by kidney function.

Renal function and fluid and electrolyte balance go hand in hand. Many health conditions affect renal function so it is important that nurses understand this relationship. Failure to do so might result in missing important signs and symptoms that can provide the key to the diagnosis and treatment of many patients.

Female↗
PubMed1988

[Does sonographic kidney morphology and morphometry provide evidence of pediatric kidney function?].

Compared with conventional X-ray investigation, ultrasound examination has a variety of advantages in the evaluation of urinary tract disorders in infancy and childhood. It does not involve exposure to contrast medium and radiation; low costs, minimal stress to the young patients, high diagnostic accuracy and easy reproducibility are further benefits. Postoperative follow-up of obstructive disorders can be easily performed and the results quantified by means of ultrasound. Morphometric data correlate well with renal function. As urologists become more familiar with ultrasonic morphologic and morphometric data, X-ray examinations in childhood will be confined to a few specific indications.

Child↗
PubMed2006

[Effect of amber acid on the kidney function in gentamycin-induced nephropathy in white rats].

The amber acid neutralized by 10 % solution of NaOH in a concentration of 250 mmoL/L was administered subcutaneously simultaneously with intraperitonal injection of gentamycin in a doze of 10 mg/kg(bw) once a day during 7 days to the ten nonlinear white male rats, weight 100-120 g exposed to the water-induced diuresis. In these experiments the positive action of an amber acid as energy substratum on some renal function tests was shown: improvement of reabsorbtion in proximal tubules, proved by proteinuria decrease, subsequent normalization of glomerular filtrations followed by uremia reduction and diminishing of other signs of acute renal failure.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new test selectively characterizing specific kidney function].

The effect of total x-ray irradiation on distribution and elimination of 51Cr cations was studied on 60 white noninbred rat males. The radionuclide was introduced intragastrically and intravenously 0.5-1 hour after the irradiation. Chromatographic and spectrophotometric investigation of the marker was performed in the serum and urine. It was established that Cr3+ is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract by means of facilitated diffusion with glutamine as the carrier. Its urinary excretion reflects proportionally the degree of developing acidosis and selectively the process of chromium glutaminate deamidation in the kidneys. It is suggested to determine urinary Cr3+ elimination as a new test instead of using ammonia which is produced both by deamidation and deamination.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Improved kidney function with cilazapril in hypertensive type II diabetics with chronic renal failure.

The purpose of this study was to determine efficacy and safety of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril, in the treatment of hypertensive diabetics with renal insufficiency. Fifteen type II diabetics with hypertension and chronic renal insufficiency aged (mean +/- SD) 64 +/- 7 years were studied in a regional clinic and university hospital hypertension unit. The blood pressure was measured biweekly. Urinary collections were done after 2 weeks of placebo and 8 weeks of cilazapril treatment. The blood pressure decreased from 176 +/- 15/105 +/- 9 to 164 +/- 11/95 +/- 9 mm Hg and serum creatinine from 197 +/- 69 to 179 +/- 73 mumol/L. The creatinine clearance rose from 41.6 +/- 11.4 to 47.4 +/- 14.9 ml/min, while protein excretion decreased from 0.8 +/- 1.3 to 0.5 +/- 0.8 g/24 h (p less than 0.05). The blood pressure change was inversely correlated with the creatinine clearance change (r = -0.5, n = 15, p less than 0.05). In these high-risk patients, 8 weeks of cilazapril treatment improved both blood pressure control and renal function but renal function improved most in the patients whose blood pressure changed the least.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Disorders of kidney function in asphyxic newborn infants].

In this study it was aimed to investigate the renal function disturbances at an early stage of term newborn babies with perinatal asphyxia. 18 term newborn babies with the diagnosis of perinatal asphyxia were followed in the first 3 days of their lives, and various laboratory tests were applied to evaluate the renal functions. The results were compared with 10 healthy newborn who were chosen as a control group. The renal functions glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and fractional sodium excretion (FENa) were found significantly impaired up to 60% in the asphyctic babies especially those whose clinical presentation was expected to be severe.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1993

Subclinical affection of liver and kidney function and solvent exposure.

The role of solvents as hepato- and nephrotoxic agents under present-day exposure levels is still unclear. The purpose of this study involving 99 metal degreasers was to examine dose-response relationships between long-term exposure of mainly trichloroethylene and a battery of liver function tests and one nephrotubular enzyme test. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase and urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase were elevated by increasing solvent exposure at bivariate level. The significance of this relationship, however, was not able to withstand a multiple regression analysis, with age and alcohol abuse as confounding variables. The conclusion is that of a nonsignificant association between solvent exposure and tests screening for early liver and kidney dysfunction.

Adult↗