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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Tinnitus classification: medical audiologic assessment.

Medical-audiologic assessment for tinnitus classification is essentially an attempt to objectivize the subjective complaint. An attempt is made to classify the symptom by a pattern of test results including: 1. Audiologic test findings; 2. Vestibular test findings; 3. Tinnitus description, by frequency spectrum and intensity level; 4. Residual inhibition, both its presence or absence, and its duration; 5. Masking-curve data and typing of homolateral and contralateral curves of narrow band and pure tone where applicable. The collection of these data is necessary to establish etiology in terms of the medical site of the lesion, audiological site, and tinnitus site. The audiologist and the otologist must work together to establish the proper diagnosis and develop the most effective treatment for the patient who presents tinnitus as the chief complaint.

Female↗
PubMed1978

Absolute and relative reliability of several response parameters used in vestibular assessment.

This experiment investigated the reliability of five indices used to express the magnitude of induced vestibular nystagmus. The investigation was undertaken because information concerning the reliability of the various response parameters when caloric testing is repeated on the same subject is limited. Electronystagmographic assessments of the nystagmus response to the Fitzgerald-Hallpike test were obtained from 16 subjects on three occasions with equal intervals of time between occasions. The data were statistically treated with an analysis of variance technique that allows the generation of correlation coefficients. The findings showed that speed of the slow phase, total beats, culmination frequency, and total amplitude reliably express the magnitude of induced nystagmus on repeated tests. Duration of the induced reaction was not as reliable as the other indices on repeated testing. In addition, difference scores were more repeatable than absolute scores and the caution that must be maintained when using correlation coefficient analyses to estimate reliability is highlighted.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Second ear stapedectomy--a continued controversy.

This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effects of stapedectomy on vestibular function. We detected a disturbingly high incidence of vestibular abnormality in the results of caloric tests at three months postoperatively. Surprisingly, this was not usually accompanied by concurrent vestibular symptoms and there was no evidence of cochlear dysfunction in most cases. Although the caloric response at 12 months postoperatively showed an improvement in most instances, the responses rarely became symmetrical. We believe that a long-term alteration in vestibular response is not uncommon following stapedectomy. Although most patients will compensate quite quickly after unilateral stapedectomy we suspect that this occurs much less readily after bilateral stapedectomy and not at all should bilateral impairment of vestibular function occur. On the basis of this evidence, we submit that bilateral stapedectomy is justified only when vestibular function can be shown to be normal prior to the second ear operation.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1984

Benign paroxysmal vertigo in childhood. Diagnostic significance of vestibular examination and headache provocation tests.

Sixteen children with benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV) are presented. The great majority had a family history of migraine, neurological and autonomic signs associated with vertiginous attacks, and headache or other sign of the periodic syndrome (motion sickness, cyclic vomiting, abdominal pain) unrelated to the attacks. Vestibular examination, including bithermal caloric and rotational testing with ENG recording, showed normal or transiently decreased vestibular function. Headache provocation tests with nitroglycerin, histamine and fenfluramine were positive in 9 of the 13 patients examined, and in 4 cases induced a typical vertiginous attack instead of headache. BPV can be considered a migraine precursor or a migraine equivalent, attributable to the same vascular and/or biochemical disturbances responsible for migraine.

Child↗
PubMed1975

[Neurootological findings in zoster oticus (author's transl)].

Zoster oticus is an important disorder in neurootological routine diagnostics. However, the neurotoxic zoster virus is not being confined to the nerval periphery. Therefore as well typical peripheral as well as typical central as well as combined reactional patterns are to be found by neurootological functions tests. By selection and adaptation of tests optimal diagnostics can be completed in the vestibular-ocular, the vestibular-spinal and retinal-ocular sensory motory systems. Thus disorders as such can be identified and additionally localised. The peripheral zoster oticus can be differentiated from the central zoster encephalitis. These findings are demonstrated by typical case reports.

Audiometry↗
PubMed1996

Sensori-motor function, gait patterns and falls in community-dwelling women.

Tests of vision, vestibular function, peripheral sensation, strength, reaction time, balance and gait were administered to 183 community-dwelling women aged 22-99 years. Walking speed, stride length and cadence declined with age with corresponding increases in stance duration and percentage of the stride in the stance phase. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, tactile and vibration sense in the lower limb, vestibular function (as assessed by the vestibular X Writing Test), quadriceps and ankle dorsiflexion strength and reaction time were significantly associated with all five gait parameters. Postural sway measures were associated with walking speed, stride length and percentage of the stride in the stance phase. Multiple regression analyses revealed seven sensori-motor measures as significant predictors for one or more of the gait parameters: low contrast visual acuity, tactile sensitivity, vibration sense, vestibular X-test writing performance, quadriceps strength, reaction time and sway. Quadriceps strength was included as a predictor variable for every gait parameter and in each case had the strongest beta weight. Women who fell on two or more occasions in a one-year prospective period had significantly reduced and more variable cadence and significantly increased stance duration (measured in absolute terms and as a percentage of stride) than those who did not fall or fell on one occasion only. The study findings elucidate the relative importance of specific physiological systems in the maintenance of normal gait and identify temporal gait measures that are associated with falling in older people.

Accidental Falls↗