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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Factors predisposing to institutionalism.

UNLABELLED: All psychiatric patients staying in hospital-supervised boarding homes, and a random sample of 50 long-stay patients in the wards of the only mental hospital in Newfoundland were surveyed to determine if certain premorbid factors predispose to institutionalism ('institutional neurosis'). Three hundred and twenty-four patients were examined. Low intelligence, poor education and disabilities in hearing, speech, locomotion and manual dexterity, were significantly associated with institutionalism. Extremes of age on first admission, celibacy, low occupational status in the patient, or his father, and visual disability did not prove to be associated with institutionalism. IN CONCLUSION: institutionalism may be found among patients in boarding homes; some patients are more susceptible to institutionalism than others; and institutionalism tends to be associated with those biological or social handicaps which affect communication and activity of the patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1972

Response of patients with postencephalitic Parkinsonism to levodopa.

Thirty patients with postencephalitic Parkinsonism were treated with levodopa. In seven patients, treatment was withdrawn because of adverse reactions or insufficient benefit. Improvements observed in 26 patients who remained on treatment for a sufficient period to permit adequate assessment were comparable with those previously reported in Parkinson's disease. Some sequelae of encephalitis lethargica-notably, oculogyria and drooling-were appreciably improved in most patients affected, whereas choreoathetoid dyskinesias were aggravated by levodopa. Adventitious choreiform involuntary movements and behaviour disorders were the major side-effects. Patients with postencephalitic Parkinsonism may respond as well as patients with Parkinson's disease to levodopa but they develop both favourable responses and side-effects at a lower dosage and require careful dosage adjustments and close surveillance.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Children against children: bullying as an emerging disorder].

An increasing number of children are consulting for various problems or disorders that are based on mistreatment at school. Bullying is defined as persistent physical or emotional violence by a school-aged child or group of children against another school-aged child who is unable to defend himself in this situation, which takes place in the school area. This type of behavior involves the aggressor, the victim, the group of classmates, the institution (teachers, the psychopedagogic team, the management team) and the families (those of the aggressor and victim, and the parents association). Bullying is a type of disorder that can be included in some of the typologies described by Terr in Postraumatic Stress Disorder in childhood, specifically in type II or chronic disorder and in type III or mixed disorder (chronic with phases of acute reactivation). Longitudinal studies have reported an association between having been bullied at school and the possibility of suffering from mobbing, mostly in the form of work harassment. Surprisingly, there can be a "pact of silence" between classmates. Schools are perceived as being more tolerant with the aggressors than with the victims of bullying.

Aggression↗
PubMed1997

Acute disturbed or violent behaviour: principles of treatment.

Acute disturbed or violent behaviour has a number of organic, iatrogenic and psychological precipitants and is commonly encountered. Various models have been used to define such behaviour and to suggest non-pharmacological treatments. However, drugs are frequently used and a wide variety of regimens are employed. Robust research into the use of drugs in acute, disturbed behaviour is scant. Nevertheless a treatment protocol is presented based on primary research, review articles and clinical experience.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Successive generations of child maltreatment: social and medical disorders in the parents.

Sustained attempts were made to identify all families in which there was a pattern of two or more generations of child maltreatment and multi-agency involvement in North-East Wiltshire (population 200,000) and where there were also two or more children maltreated in the current generation (born between 1960 and 1980). One hundred and forty-seven families were discovered. Disorders of behaviour of the parents of the 1960-1980 children are described. Collating information laboriously from at least 34 different agencies revealed very high levels of disturbance. Such detail was generally inaccessible, and its full significance for each family could only be assessed by using family medical record linkage methods. In the parents and antecedents, mental and personality disorders, suicidal attempts, mental handicap, dependence on drugs (mothers) or on alcohol (fathers), epilepsy and criminality were conspicuous features.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

Impaired social functioning and symptoms of personality disorders assessed by peer and self-report in a nonclinical population.

Data regarding the connection between personality disorders (PDs) and impaired social functioning are often difficult to interpret because both sets of variables are influenced by depressed mood and both are usually assessed using self-report instruments. We studied PD symptoms in a nonclinical population and examined whether these symptoms are associated with social dysfunction, after controlling for current mental state. Participants were 577 undergraduate students who completed self-report measures of social functioning, PD symptoms, depression, and anxiety, as well as a peer-report PD inventory. As expected, self-reported PD scores and social dysfunction were both correlated with current levels of anxiety and depression. Both self- and peer-reported PD symptoms contributed to the prediction of level of social functioning above and beyond the influence of depressed mood. Overall, our results complement those from clinical samples and provide further evidence that there is an association between PD traits and impaired social functioning.

Female↗