Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Reference database”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Behavioural treatment for chronic low-back pain.

BACKGROUND: Behavioural treatment, commonly used in the treatment of chronic low-back pain (CLBP), is primarily focused at reducing disability through the modification of environmental contingencies and cognitive processes. In general, three behavioural treatment approaches are distinguished: operant, cognitive and respondent. OBJECTIVES: To determine if behavioural therapy is more effective than reference treatments for CLBP, and which type of behavioural treatment is most effective. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycLIT databases up to October 2003. References of identified randomised trials and relevant systematic reviews were screened. SELECTION CRITERIA: Only randomised trials on behavioural treatment for non-specific CLBP were included. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality and extracted the data. The magnitude of effect was assessed by computing a pooled effect size for post-treatment and long-term results for each comparison, for each domain (i.e., behavioural outcomes, overall improvement, back pain specific and generic functional status, return to work, and pain intensity) using the random effects model. MAIN RESULTS: Seven studies (33%) were considered high quality. Comparing behavioural treatment to waiting list control (WLC) revealed strong evidence (4 trials, 134 people) in favour of a combined respondent-cognitive therapy for a medium positive effect on pain, and moderate evidence (2 trials, 39 people) in favour of progressive relaxation for a large positive effect on pain and behavioural outcomes (short-term only). When comparing operant treatment to WLC no significant differences could be detected on general functional status (strong evidence: 2 trials, 87 people) or on behavioural outcomes (moderate evidence; 3 trials, 153 people) (short-term only). There is limited evidence (1 trial, 98 people) that a graded activity program in an industrial setting is more effective than usual care for early return to work and reduced long-term sick leave. There is limited evidence (1 trail, 39 people) that there are no differences between behavioural treatment and exercises. Finally, there is moderate evidence (6 trials, 210 people) that there are no significant differences in short-term and long-term effectiveness when behavioural components are added to usual treatment programs for CLBP (i.e. physiotherapy, back education) on pain, generic functional status and behavioural outcomes. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Combined respondent-cognitive therapy and progressive relaxation therapy are more effective than WLC on short-term pain relief. However, it is unknown whether these results sustain in the long term. No significant differences could be detected between behavioural treatment and exercise therapy. Whether clinicians should refer patients with CLBP to behavioural treatment programs or to active conservative treatment cannot be concluded from this review.

Behavior Therapy↗
PubMed2006

Insufficient filling of vacuum tubes as a cause of microhemolysis and elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase levels. Use of a data-mining technique in evaluation of questionable laboratory test results.

Experienced physicians noted unexpectedly elevated concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase in some patient samples, but quality control specimens showed no bias. To evaluate this problem, we used a "latent reference individual extraction method", designed to obtain reference intervals from a laboratory database by excluding individuals who have abnormal results for basic analytes other than the analyte in question, in this case lactate dehydrogenase. The reference interval derived for the suspected year was 264-530 U/L, while that of the previous year was 248-495 U/L. The only change we found was the introduction of an order entry system, which requests precise sampling volumes rather than complete filling of vacuum tubes. The effect of vacuum persistence was tested using ten freshly drawn blood samples. Compared with complete filling, 1/5 filling resulted in average elevations of lactate dehydrogenase, aspartic aminotransferase, and potassium levels of 8.0%, 3.8%, and 3.4%, respectively (all p<0.01). Microhemolysis was confirmed using a urine stick method. The length of time before centrifugation determined the degree of hemolysis, while vacuum during centrifugation did not affect it. Microhemolysis is the probable cause of the suspected pseudo-elevation noted by the physicians. Data-mining methodology represents a valuable tool for monitoring long-term bias in laboratory results.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Frequent attenders in general practice care: a literature review with special reference to methodological considerations.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the basis on which our knowledge of frequent attendance in general practice rests and to propose recommendations for further research on frequent attenders (FAs). DESIGN: The literature review (finished February 2004) encompassed peer-reviewed articles in English describing contacts with general practice in terms of frequency. Searches were performed in the Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Expanded Index and ISI Citation databases with additional searches in reference lists and the 'related articles' function in the ISI Citation database and Medline. SETTING: General practice. SUBJECTS: Sixty-one articles (54 studies). MEASURES: The articles were assessed according to the following design variables: setting; definition of FAs; sampling; sample size; control groups; study aim; study design; data sources; effect measure; and main results. RESULTS: There was no generally accepted definition of frequent attendance. Research designs differed substantially. Eight articles gave sufficient information on all design variables. The top 10% of attenders accounted for 30-50% of all contacts, and up to 40% of FAs were still FAs the following year. More than 50% of FAs had a physical disease, more than 50% of FAs suffered from psychological distress, social factors (low social support, unemployment, divorce) were associated with frequent attendance in more than 50% of FAs, multiproblems (physical, psychological and social) were found in one-third of FAs, and frequent attendance was associated with increasing age and female gender. CONCLUSION: The diversity of designs, definitions and methods in the current literature on FAs in general practice hampers comparison of their precision, validity and generalizability, and calls for cautious interpretation and adoption of a common, generally acceptable definition in future studies.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1996

A World Wide Web (WWW) server database engine for an organelle database, MitoDat.

We describe a simple database search engine "dbEngine" which may be used to quickly create a searchable database on a World Wide Web (WWW) server. Data may be prepared from spreadsheet programs (such as Excel, etc.) or from tables exported from relationship database systems. This Common Gateway Interface (CGI-BIN) program is used with a WWW server such as available commercially, or from National Center for Supercomputer Algorithms (NCSA) or CERN. Its capabilities include: (i) searching records by combinations of terms connected with ANDs or ORs; (ii) returning search results as hypertext links to other WWW database servers; (iii) mapping lists of literature reference identifiers to the full references; (iv) creating bidirectional hypertext links between pictures and the database. DbEngine has been used to support the MitoDat database (Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance associated with the Mitochondrion) on the WWW.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed2000

A comprehensive web resource on RNA helicases from the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Members of the RNA helicase protein family are defined by several motifs that have been widely conserved during evolution. They are found in all organisms-from bacteria to humans-and many viruses. The minimum number of RNA helicases present within a eukaryotic cell can be predicted from the complete sequence of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome. Recent progress in the functional analysis of various family members has confirmed the significance of RNA helicases for most cellular RNA metabolic processes. We have assembled a web resource that focuses on RNA helicases from the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It includes descriptions of RNA helicases and their functions, links to sequence- and yeast-specific databases, an extensive list of references, and links to non-yeast helicase web resources.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1999

Risk factors and precipitating neck movements causing vertebrobasilar artery dissection after cervical trauma and spinal manipulation.

STUDY DESIGN: Potential precipitating events and risk factors for vertebrobasilar artery dissection were reviewed in an analysis of the English language literature published before 1993. OBJECTIVES: To assess the literature pertaining to precipitating neck movements and risk factors for vertebrobasilar artery dissection in an attempt to determine whether the incidence of these complications can be minimized. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Vertebrobasilar artery dissection and occlusion leading to brain stem and cerebellar ischemia and infarction are rare but often devastating complications of cervical, manipulation and neck trauma. Although various investigators have suggested potential risk factors and precipitating events, the basis for these suggestions remains unclear. METHODS: A detailed search of the literature using three computerized bibliographic databases was performed to identify English language articles from 1966 to 1993. Literature before 1966 was identified through a hand search of Index Medicus. References of articles obtained by database search were reviewed to identify additional relevant articles. Data presented in all articles meeting the inclusion criteria were summarized. RESULTS: The 367 case reports included in this study describe 160 cases of spontaneous onset, 115 cases of onset after spinal manipulation, 58 cases associated with trivial trauma, and 37 cases caused by major trauma (3 cases were classified in two categories). The nature of the precipitating trauma, neck movement, or type of manipulation that was performed was poorly defined in the literature, and it was not possible to identify a specific neck movement or trauma that would be considered the offending activity in the majority of cases. There were 208 (57%) men and 158 (43%) women (gender data not reported in one case) with an average age of 39.3 +/- 12.9 years. There was an overall prevalence of 13.4% hypertension, 6.5% migraines, 18% use of oral contraception (percent of female patients), and 4.9% smoking. In only isolated cases was specific vascular disease such as fibromuscular hyperplasia noted. CONCLUSIONS: The literature does not assist in the identification of the offending mechanical trauma, neck movement, or type of manipulation precipitating vertebrobasilar artery dissection or the identification of the patient at risk. Thus, given the current status of the literature, it is impossible to advise patients or physicians about how to avoid vertebrobasilar artery dissection when considering cervical manipulation or about specific sports or exercises that result in neck movement or trauma.

Aortic Dissection↗
PubMed2026

Comparative genomics reveals hidden biosynthetic diversity in Streptomyces spp. and metal-dependent regulatory features associated with untapped specialized metabolites.

The genus Streptomyces is one of the richest sources of bioactive natural products; however, a substantial proportion of its biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) remain cryptic and their metabolic products are unresolved. Advances in genome mining and computational prediction now enable comprehensive exploration of this hidden biosynthetic repertoire. In this study, whole-genome sequencing and comparative genomic analyses were performed on three three newly isolated Streptomyces strains to evaluate their specialized metabolic potential. Genome assemblies were annotated and systematically analyzed using antiSMASH, DeepBGC, GECCO, and PRISM to identify, cross-validate, and functionally characterize BGCs while predicting their associated secondary metabolite scaffolds. Taxonomic analyses based on Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI), phylogenomics, and BLAST identified the isolates as Streptomyces thinghirensis, Streptomyces novocaesareae, and Streptomyces griseorubens. Applying the consensus framework across the three Streptomyces genomes yielded 43 cryptic BGCs, lacking close similarity to reference BGCs in the MIBiG database, of which 26 were classified as HIGH, 10 as MEDIUM, and 7 as LOW confidence. Notably, numerous BGCs exhibited low abundance to characterized reference clusters, indicating a high potential for previously undescribed biosynthetic pathways and novel metabolite scaffolds. Comparative analyses further revealed strain-specific biosynthetic architectures together with putative metal-responsive regulatory systems; Fur, Zur, and Nur, which were frequently associated with specialized metabolite biosynthetic loci. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the effectiveness of integrated genome-mining strategies for prioritizing cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters and highlight the remarkable biosynthetic potential of newly identified Streptomyces isolates as a source of novel natural products.

comparative genomics↗
PubMed2001

Videourodynamic studies in men with lower urinary tract symptoms: a comparison of community based versus referral urological practices.

PURPOSE: We compared the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of men referred for evaluation of lower urinary tract symptoms in community based versus referral urological practices and examined the various pathophysiological mechanisms of these symptoms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed a multicenter urodynamics database of 963 consecutive men referred for the evaluation of persistent lower urinary tract symptoms at 2 community based and 1 urological referral center. Of the 963 patients in the database 422 (44%) were excluded from study due to neurological disorder in 41%, previous urinary or pelvic surgery in 27% and the use of medications known to affect voiding in 24%. A total of 541 patients with a mean age plus or minus standard deviation of 64.4 +/- 13.8 years met study inclusion criteria and were analyzed further. We compared the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of patients at the community and referral centers. RESULTS: Lower urinary tract symptoms were equally common in men presenting to community and referral centers. The most common symptom was difficult voiding, followed by frequency, urgency and nocturia in 58%, 54%, 43% and 40% of the study population, respectively. Urodynamic diagnoses were also similar in the 2 groups. Although bladder outlet obstruction was diagnosed in 69% of patients, it was the only urodynamic finding in a third of the patients with obstruction. The main concomitant urodynamic diagnoses were detrusor overactivity, bladder hyposensitivity, impaired detrusor contractility, low bladder compliance and bladder hypersensitivity in 47%, 10%, 10%, 9% and 3% of obstructed cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The pathophysiology of lower urinary tract symptoms in men is multifactorial, and similar at community practice and tertiary referral centers. The disparity in urodynamic findings and subjective symptoms emphasizes the need for a thorough and early clinical and urodynamic evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Consultation-liaison psychiatry in an Australian oncology unit.

OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview of the work of a consultation-liaison (C-L) psychiatry service to an oncology unit in a university affiliated teaching hospital, with the aid of a comprehensive clinical database. METHOD: The MICROCARES prospective clinical database system was used to record data on all oncology inpatients referred to C-L psychiatry, and the hospital clinical database was used to compare referred inpatients with all oncology inpatients. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventy-one referrals were made in the 3 years from 1991 to 1993, a referral rate of 10.4%. The referred patients were younger but there was no bias in sex and marital status. The mean length of stay was twice that for all other oncology admissions, day cases excluded. The most frequent reasons for referral were coping problems, depression, terminal illness issues and anxiety. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were Systemic Family Problems (V codes, 24%), Mood Disorders (23%), Adjustment Disorders (16%) and Organic Mental Disorders (10%). Management involved family conferences in half of the patients and antidepressant medication in one-quarter. Concordance with pharmacological recommendations was 98%. Existential issues and family-centred care are discussed. CONCLUSIONS: Both individual and family-centred care is required in an oncology service; a dedicated liaison attachment offers considerable staff support. Psycho-oncology is underdeveloped in Australia compared to many overseas services; there is scope for substantial growth in preventive and supportive work.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Drug-herb interaction among commonly used conventional medicines: a compendium for health care professionals.

The objective of the review was to consolidate the clinical and pharmacologic aspects of drug-herb interactions to develop a compendium of information to provide prescribers with a measure of the risk of interactions, a description of the clinical consequences, and an assessment of the quality (ie, validity) of evidence. A variety of electronic databases and hand-searched references were used to identify documentation of interactions between herbal products and drugs from the most commonly used therapeutic classes. MEDLINE, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINHAL, HealthSTAR, and EMBASE were searched from 1966 to the present. One hundred sixty-two citations were identified. Only 22 citations met the inclusion criteria. Using a matrix of 165 possible drug-herb interaction pairs (15 therapeutic drug classes by 11 herbal products), we identified 51 (31%) interactions discussed in the literature. Twenty-two of these 51 drug-herb pairs (43%) were supported by randomized clinical trials, case-control studies, cohort studies, case series, or case studies. The remaining interaction pairs reflected theoretic reasoning in the absence of clinical data. Most interactions were pharmacokinetic, with most actually or theoretically affecting the metabolism of the affected product by way of the cytochrome p450 enzymes. In this review, warfarin was the most common drug and St. John's wort was the most common herbal product reported in drug-herb interactions. To create a comprehensive and valid list of herb-drug interactions would require a substantial increase in research activities in this area. Improvements in the quality of methodology used are also necessary.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed2002

ARROGANT: an application to manipulate large gene collections.

ARROGANT (ARRay OrGANizing Tool) is a software tool developed to facilitate the identification, annotation and comparison of large collections of genes or clones. The objective is to enable users to compile gene/clone collections from different databases, allowing them to design experiments and analyze the collections as well as associated experimental data efficiently. ARROGANT can relate different sequence identifiers to their common reference sequence using the UniGene database, allowing for the comparison of data from two different microarray experiments. ARROGANT has been successfully used to analyze microarray expression data for colon cancer, to compile genes potentially related to cardiac diseases for subsequent resequencing (to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs), to design a new comprehensive human cDNA microarray for cancer, to combine and compare expression data generated by different microarrays and to provide annotation for genes on custom and Affymetrix chips.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2002

Safety education of pedestrians for injury prevention.

BACKGROUND: Each year about one million people die and about 10 million are seriously injured on the world's roads. Educational measures to teach pedestrians how to cope with the traffic environment are considered to be an essential component of any prevention strategy, and pedestrian education has been recommended in many countries. However, as resources available for road safety are limited, a key question concerns the relative effectiveness of different prevention strategies. OBJECTIVES: To quantify the effectiveness of pedestrian safety education programmes in preventing pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Injuries Group specialised register, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, TRANSPORT, MEDLINE, EMBASE, ERIC, PSYCHLIT, SPECTR, and the WHO database on the Internet. We checked reference lists of relevant reviews and papers and contacted experts in the field. Most database searching was conducted in 1999. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials of safety education programmes for pedestrians of all ages. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: One reviewer screened records. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed methodological quality of trials. Because of differences in the types of interventions and outcome measures used in the trials, meta-analyses were not carried out. MAIN RESULTS: We found 15 randomised-controlled trials of pedestrian safety education programmes, conducted between 1976 and 1997. Methodological quality of the included trials was generally poor. Allocation concealment was adequate in three trials, outcome assessment was blinded in eight, and in most of the studies large numbers of participants were lost to follow-up. Study participants were children in 14 studies and institutionalised adults in one. Eight studies involved the direct education of participants, seven used parents as educators. No trials were conducted in a developing country and there were none of pedestrian safety training in the elderly. None of the included trials assessed the effect of pedestrian safety education on the occurrence of pedestrian injury but six trials assessed the effect on observed behaviour. Some of these trials showed evidence of behavioural change following pedestrian safety education but it is difficult to predict what effect this might have on pedestrian injury risk. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Pedestrian safety education can result in improvement in children's knowledge and can change observed road crossing behaviour but whether this reduces the risk of pedestrian motor vehicle collision and injury occurrence is unknown. There is evidence that changes in safety knowledge and observed behaviour decline with time suggesting that safety education must be repeated at regular intervals.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pregnant women: peculiarities].

This review main purpose is to show nursing the present knowledge about cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in pregnant women because of the scarce information published by Spanish Nursing Publications. The bibliographical research was made using both the Medline (from January 1982 to March 1998) and Index de Enfermería databases. There, we can find 32 references from which only 23 were selected (all of them belong to the Medline database) in spite of 3 chapters that had already been selected from other different books. Although maternal cardiac arrest rarely happens during pregnancy, it is very important for sanitary staff to be familiarized with the specifics thecnics and equipment (ultrasound and cardiotocograph monitoring). This review describes the physiological changes that take place during pregnancy and have an incidence into CPR. The article also includes the conclusions about the checked papers and the peculiarities that have to be taken into account in each CPR, such as the fetal viability evaluation, right CPR position, airway and breathing, desfibrillation, external cardiac compression and use of pharmacologic therapy and intravenous fluids. Moreover, there is a special mention of the perimortem cesarean delivery features: antecedents, foetus-maternals consequences and managements, due to the fact that this surgical operation should be included inside the CPR protocols of the pregnant.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation↗
PubMed2002

Recommendations for consistent treatment of length variants in the human mitochondrial DNA control region.

Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis is a valuable forensic tool, useful in cases where the amount of extracted DNA is low or highly degraded. Population databases are used to determine the relative rarity of a particular profile obtained in a forensic case. Rather than full DNA sequence information, sequence profiles are compared to a reference sequence, and the differences from the reference are recorded in forensic databases. A standard method is proposed for characterizing length variants, and examples are described using actual human control region mtDNA profiles. Consistency in alignment and nomenclature avoids inadvertently describing two sequences as different when in fact they are the same.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed2005

Challenges in detecting the abuse of growth hormone in sport.

BACKGROUND: Growth hormone (GH) is reputed to be in widespread use in the sporting arena as a performance-enhancing agent and is on the list of banned substances published by the World Anti-Doping Agency. The detection of GH abuse poses many challenges. Unlike many substances of abuse, such as synthetic anabolic steroids, GH is a naturally occurring substance; therefore, demonstration of exogenous administration must rely on detecting concentrations in excess of an established reference interval. The purpose of this review is to discuss the methodologies being developed to detect GH abuse. METHODS: We undertook a comprehensive search using multiple electronic databases and hand searches of reference lists of articles. The data for this review reflect our academic interests and experience through work on the GH-2000 and GH-2004 projects. RESULTS: Two approaches have been taken to detect GH abuse. The first is based on assessment of the effect of exogenous GH on pituitary GH isoforms, and the second is based on measurement of markers of GH action. The advantages of each approach and the difficulties encountered with each technique, as well as future concepts in detection, are discussed. CONCLUSION: Although there are substantial challenges for the detection of GH, methodologies now exist to detect GH abuse with reasonable sensitivity and specificity.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed2002

Learning disabilities, dyslexia, and vision: a subject review--a rebuttal, literature review, and commentary.

BACKGROUND: In 1998, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Ophthalmology, and the American Association of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAP/AAO/AAPOS) published a position paper entitled "Learning Disabilities, Dyslexia And Vision: A Subject Review," intended to support their assertion that there is no relationship between learning disabilities, dyslexia, and vision. The paper presents an unsupported opinion that optometrists (by implication) have said that vision problems cause learning disabilities and/or dyslexia and that visual therapy cures the conditions. The 1998 position paper follows two very similar and discredited papers published in 1972 and 1981. METHOD: This article critically reviews and comments on the many problems of scholarship, the inconsistencies, and the false allegations the position paper presents. Perhaps the foremost problem is that the authoring committee has ignored a veritable mountain of relevant literature that strongly argues against their assertion that vision does not relate to academic performance. It is for this reason that an overview, drawn from more than 1,400 identified references from Medline and other database sources and pertinent texts that were reviewed, is incorporated into this current article. The AAP/AAO/AAPOS paper is also examined for the Levels of Evidence that their references offer in support of their position. CONCLUSION: The AAP/AAO/AAPOS paper contains errors and internal inconsistencies. Through highly selective reference choices, it misrepresents the great body of evidence from the literature that supports a relationship between visual and perceptual problems as they contribute to classroom difficulties. The 1998 paper should be retracted because of the errors, bias, and disinformation it presents. The public assigns great trust to authorities for accurate, intellectually honest guidance, which is lacking in this AAP/AAO/AAPOS position paper.

Dyslexia↗
PubMed2005

MPSS: an integrated database system for surveying a set of proteins.

SUMMARY: We design and implement an integrated database system called 'multi-protein survey system' (MPSS), which provides a platform to retrieve information about many proteins at a time. This system integrates several important and widely used databases including SwissProt, TrEMBL, PDB and InterPro, plus useful references such as GO and KEGG to other databases. Users may submit a group of protein IDs, entry names, SwissProt/TrEMBL accession numbers or GenBank GIs through MPSS' web interface, and obtain protein annotation information from public databases and pre-computed molecular properties speedily. MPSS can also supply comprehensive information about query proteins, including 3D structures, domains, pathway, gene ontology and visual presentation of mapping to the GO tree and KEGG pathway, to provide an up-to-date view of available knowledge with regard to the structures and molecular functions of proteins under study. AVAILABILITY: MPSS is freely accessible at http://www.scbit.org/mpss/

Database Management Systems↗
PubMed2002

Study in China on ingestion and organ content of trace elements of importance in radiological protection.

To improve knowledge of the ingestion and organ content of calcium, cesium, iodine, potassium, strontium, thorium, and uranium that have a high priority in radiological protection, a total diet and organ content studies was conducted. The total diet study used the market basket sample method with representative sampling. For the organ content specimens of muscle, skeleton, liver, kidney, lung, and thyroid were collected during autopsies of normal, healthy adult accidental death victims. The concentration of above stated elements in the diet and organs were analyzed by nuclear and nuclear-related techniques with strict quality assurance measures. The results are presented in the paper and compared with previous national and international data and the parameters of current International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Reference Man. The study provided a new and reliable database for setting the parameters for the Chinese reference man and the reference Asian man. It also facilitated the study on biokinetics behavior of their radiation counterparts in human body and helped in the realistic assessment of their internal radiation doses.

Body Composition↗