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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Swyer-James syndrome complicated by lung abscess.

Swyer-James syndrome, a rare disease with unilateral hyperlucent lung due to bronchiolitis obliterans and pulmonary artery hypoplasia, generally develops after lower respiratory tract infection during early childhood. Invasive procedures, including bronchoscopy and angiography, are often necessary for a definitive diagnosis. We report a 17-year-old man admitted because of cystic bronchiectasis complicated by lung abscess. Chest roentgenography showed the typical findings of Swyer-James syndrome. Noninvasive magnetic resonance angiography was used to confirm hypoplasia of the right pulmonary artery. The patient received antibiotic therapy, underwent a right lower lobectomy for the lung abscess, and recovered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Pregnancy complicated by traumatic diaphragmatic rupture. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Diaphragmatic rupture may be easily overlooked at the time of multiple trauma. Occult diaphragmatic rupture may first manifest during pregnancy as severe dyspnea. CASE: A parous woman who had sustained multiple traumatic injuries prior to pregnancy presented in midtrimester with abdominal pain and dyspnea. Chest roentgenography and computed tomography revealed bowel in the left hemithorax, compatible with a left-sided diaphragmatic rupture. Surgical correction was indicated secondary to the symptomatic nature of the presentation. CONCLUSION: Diaphragmatic rupture may be occult and may first present during a subsequent pregnancy. Surgical therapy is the cornerstone of management when a diaphragmatic defect is symptomatic. The route of delivery may be individualized for patients with diaphragmatic repairs in whom there has been sufficient time for healing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Computerized tomography of solitary lung metastasis].

Experience has pointed to a rather low potential of traditional procedures of roentgenography and tomography in detecting small foci (ca. 4-5 cm in dia.). Metastases are often not seen in the shadow of the ribs, diaphragm and cardio-vascular complex. X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a method of choice for early diagnosis and further tracking tumor process in the lung. Superior spatial resolution offers complete summation-free visualization of the lung parenchyma. Provision of more data, including information on "occult" pathology in the lung, is instrumental in confirming or rejecting diagnosis of solitary tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[The results of using a compression-distraction method for eliminating mandibular defects and deformities].

Intraoral supraosseous compression-distraction devices (CDA) have been used for repair of mandibular underdevelopment and defects of different etiology at Central Institute of Stomatology since 1997. The distraction regenerates have been examined by ultrasonography, roentgenography, and echo-osteometry. These methods allow timely correction of the course of distraction and rule out formation of wrong hypotrophic distraction regenerates.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Hemodialysis-related subacromial lesion: diagnostic imaging and minimally invasive treatment.

BACKGROUND: In an attempt to refine the diagnosis and surgical treatment system for spontaneous shoulder pain in supine position (SPSP) in long-term hemodialysis (LTHD) patients we reviewed shoulders of patients during a 4-year period. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Clinical findings, imaging findings and operative results (average duration of follow-up was 39 months) on both shoulders of 110 patients (Shigei Hospital, Okayama, Japan) were analyzed to identify the cause of SPSP in order to accurately differentiate it from other shoulder pains, and to select the proper treatment method. RESULTS: As the hemodialysis period lengthened, increase in the incidence and severity of bone and soft tissue changes (radiolucency, joint destruction, increase of thickness of subacromial bursa and rotator cuff, and synovial proliferation) in the shoulder induced by dialysis-related amyloidosis were noted in roentgenography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. SPSP occurred in the LTHD patients. An increase in subacromial bursa and rotator cuff thickness correlated with SPSP. A decrease in subacromial space correlated with change in position and SPSP. An increase of subacromial pressure was judged to be the cause of SPSP, and subacromial decompression by coraco-acromial ligament release was effective for relieving SPSP. When massive synovial proliferation or invasion of granulation tissues was observed in the glenohumeral joint, arthroscopic debridement was necessary. CONCLUSION: SPSP is a sensitive indicator of a distinct subacromial lesion frequently found in LTHD patients. These lesions can be treated by minimally invasive endoscopic coraco-acromial ligament release, resulting in marked pain relief.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1975

Hematospermia.

During a 15-year period, 200 patients with hematospermia were seen at the Mayo Clinic. General physical examination, including digital rectal palpation and urinalysis, was performed on all 200 patients. Of these, 26 had no additional urologic evaluation. In the remaining 174 patients, cystoscopy and K.U.B. roentgenography were done. The results of urologic evaluation in the 174 patients revealed various minor abnormalities in 64; however, in no instance was there significant urologic disease. During follow-up of five to 23 years in 150 of the 174 patients, 106 had no further hematospermia whereas 44 had recurring hematospermia, which persisted in some for more than ten years. None of these patients developed any significant disease related to the hematospermia. In our experience, the occurrence of hematospermia in an otherwise asymptomatic man with normal findings on physical examination, including digital rectal examination, seems not to be associated with the presence of, and does not lead to future development of, significant urologic disease.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Basic principles of the treatment of chronic pelvic osteomyelitis].

The results of treatment in 177 patients with chronic osteomyelitis of the pelvis are reported. The diagnosis was clarified and the patients' general status was assessed by comprehensive examination (roentgenography, tomography, fistulography, scintigraphy, bacteriological, immunological, and laboratory studies). A procedure of complex preoperative preparation, rational detoxication and immunocorrection, intraoperative blood loss replenishment (autohemotransfusion) and volemic disturbances correction was developed. This permits expansion of indications for surgery, whose basis is bone resection. Taking into account the localization of a pathologic process, the authors consider bone resection within the normal tissue limits to be a main component of surgical treatment of chronic pelvic osteomyelitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Intrathoracic compressions of the respiratory tract due to a double aortic arch in children].

Overall, twenty-eight children with intrathoracic airway compressions (IAC) caused by double aortic arch (DAA), who ranged 1.5 months to eleven years old, were kept under medical surveillance. The following respiratory symptoms were found to dominate the clinical picture in the above pediatric patient population: stridor, dyspnea, bouts of asphyxia, orthopnea, with secondary bronchopulmonary complications having been disclosed in all. The diagnosis of IAC and its complications in DAA was based on findings from thoracic roentgenography, esophagography, digital subtraction angiography, and tracheobronchoscopy. This pathology surgical correction indications were unquestionable. The policy has been worked out of treating DAA-associated IAK through surgery, with particular regard to the anatomical variants of the defect under question and its complications.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed2000

Infected chylothorax caused by Streptococcus agalactiae: a case report.

Chylothorax is bacteriostatic in nature. Bacterial infection rarely develops in chylothorax and has never been reported in a non-immunocompromised host. A 33-year-old woman was admitted to National Taiwan University Hospital because of fever and right pleuritic pain. Chest roentgenography and computed tomography revealed right pleural effusion. Examination of the pleural effusion revealed a profile compatible with empyema and chylothorax. Culture of the pleural effusion yielded Streptococcus agalactiae. The woman was not immunocompromised. This is the first report of infected chylothorax caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in a non-immunocompromised host.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Surgical management of traumatic thoracic aortic rupture from falling.

A 40-year-male was admitted to our hospital after falling from a four-story height. Thoracic aortic rupture was suspected based on chest roentgenography and helical computed tomography. The patient was in the operating room within 6 hours after admission to the hospital. A median sternotomy with a left thoracotomy in the fifth intercostal space was done after left femoral arterial cannulation. Profound hypothermic circulation arrest with retrograde cerebral perfusion was applied. The site of aortic rupture was the descending aorta, just distal to the origin of the left subclavian artery. There were two areas of rupture within 2 cm of each other. The ruptured aorta was grafted with a 20-mm woven double-velour Hemashield graft. The total circulatory arrest time was 80 minutes and the cardiopulmonary bypass time was 290 minutes. The postoperative course was complicated by prolonged mechanical ventilation support due to pulmonary contusion. The patient was discharged 30 days after surgery without neurologic deficit.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed2000

Papulonecrotic tuberculid--a rare skin manifestation in a patient with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Papulonecrotic tuberculid (PNT), a cutaneous manifestation of tuberculosis, is rare even in areas endemic for tuberculosis such as Taiwan. Concomitant pulmonary tuberculosis is uncommon in patients with PNT. We describe a patient with rare skin manifestations and simultaneous pulmonary tuberculosis. This 48-year-old woman had suffered from productive cough for 4 months, and pea-sized papules with central umbilication were noted over the extensor surface of her four extremities and lower abdomen 1 month prior to admission to our hospital. Chest roentgenography showed reticulonodular lesions with small cavitation over the lower right lung field, and sputum culture yielded Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. PNT was diagnosed using the skin biopsy results and the papules healed with scar formation after antituberculous therapy.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Pulmonary paragonimiasis referred to the department of surgery.

We encountered seven cases of pulmonary paragonimiasis. All patients were adult males and 6 of 7 cases were over 50-year-old. Except for one case of chronic pleural empyema, 6 patients were referred to the department of surgery because of having a mass lesion on chest roentgenography which was indistinguishable from malignancy. Although 3 patients had mild hemoptysis, none of them showed classical rusty sputum. Only one patient had high level of eosinophilia, whereas others showed normal or marginal level of eosinophilia. Paragonimus eggs were detected in transbronchial lung biopsy specimens from 4 patients. All patients' sera were positive for Paragonimus-specific IgG antibody by immunodiagnosis. Surgical option was undergone only for one patient with chronic pleural empyema which was not cured by repeated chemotherapy. In the present series, we could avoid surgical options due to an erroneous diagnosis. When a pulmonary mass lesion or empyema is detected in patients who live in paragonimiasis endemic areas, paragonimiasis should always be included in the different diagnosis of lung diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Methods most frequently used in the diagnosis of renal diseases leading to nephrectomy].

In the past few years, the progress of science and technology, and introduction of new diagnostic and treatment methods (echography, isotope study, computerized axial tomography, renovasography, magnetic resonance imaging and others) have contributed greatly to early detection and timely treatment of pathological processes involving the kidney (ZK El-Zein, 1995). After practical implementation of new clinical methods of examination it becomes possible to gain better insight into the undelying causes and character of renal diseases (T. Patrashkov, 1982). The study covers 388 patients subjected to nephrectomy for various diseases of the kidneys and urether, diagnosed and treated in the Department of Urology-University Hospital "Alexandrovska", over the period 1990 through 1995. The commonest diagnostic methods used to make diagnosis prior to nephrectomy include: 1. Survey roentgenography of kidneys, urethers and urinary bladder (KUB)--364 (93.81%). 2. Venous urography--320 (82.47%). 3. Echography--302 (77.83%). (Antegrade pyelography--2 (0.51%). 4. Isotope nephrogram (ING)--212 (54.63%). 5. Scintography of kidneys--126 (32.47%). 6. Computerized axial tomography (CAT)--82 (21.13%)/(70.68%) among 116 renal tumor nephrectomies. 7. Renovasography--82 (21.13%). 8. Retrograde pyelography--48 (12.37%). 9. Gamma-camera--10 (2.57%). 10. Cystoscopy--6 (1.54%). 11. Ureterorenoscopy--2 (0.51%). Presumably, apart from the new "noninvasive" methods of study (computerized axial tomography--CAT and echography), the conventional venous urography has by no means lost its popularity.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Effects of cilostazol in patients with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation].

OBJECTIVES: Cilostazol, an antithrombotic agent, directly and indirectly increases the heart rate. This study investigated whether cilostazol increases the heart rate, and whether it has chronotropic effects on cardiac failure in patients with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation. METHODS: Twelve patients (6 males and 6 females) with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation underwent Holter monitoring (24-hour total heartbeat counts and frequency of pause), echocardiography (left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, percentage fractional shortening), chest roentgenography (cardiothoracic ratio), and measurements of brain natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide before and 6 months after daily oral administration of 100-200 mg cilostazol. RESULTS: Cilostazol administration increased the 24-hour total heartbeat counts from 69,685 +/- 1,690 (mean +/- SE; mean heart rate: 48 beats/min) to 87,352 +/- 3,123 (60), and decreased the frequency of pause from 362.3 +/- 72.9 to 112.3 +/- 41.0. Cardiothoracic ratio decreased from 55.8 +/- 1.1% to 52.5 +/- 1.1%, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter from 56.1 +/- 0.9 to 52.9 +/- 0.8 mm, but percentage fractional shortening was not significantly changed (from 33.0 +/- 2.2% to 33.7 +/- 2.1%). Brain natriuretic peptide decreased from 97.9 +/- 20.5 to 33.5 +/- 4.8 pg/ml, and atrial natriuretic peptide from 69.5 +/- 12.1 to 46.7 +/- 8.3 pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS: Cilostazol has beneficial effects in patients with bradycardiac atrial fibrillation. The increase of heart rate may be mediated by improvement of conductivity in the atrioventricular node and increase of coronary blood supply caused by dilation of vessels.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical examinations on lung cancer].

The incidence of lung cancer is increasing in Japan and it is important to know whether a patient has a history of primary smoking/second-hand smoking because smoking is the main cause of lung cancer. Lung cancer is often found on chest roentgenography. In order to determine the strategy of the treatment, the stage of the disease can be studied by the examinations of morphology(chest computed tomography), pathology(biopsy under bronchoscopy) and biochemistry(tumor markers and genetic analysis). Most lung cancers are detected in the advanced stage with metastasis. Performance status should be useful for the estimation of the prognosis of patients. In the symposium, we reported two of our clinical cases, in which urinary deoxypyridinoline, a bone absorption marker, facilitated the discovery of the bone metastasis of lung cancers with negative bone scans. We were requested to verify the early diagnosis of lung cancers with a collection of data on morphology, pathology and biochemistry.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Results of emergency surgical management of hemorrhagic duodenal ulcer.

The results of emergency surgical operations carried out on 61 patients with massively beleding duodenal ulcers between the years 1960 and 1969 were reviewed. The most useful diagnostic tool was gastric roentgenography. However, celiac axis arteriography was not in use during this period. The basic procedure carried out was either gastric resection or vagotomy and pyloroplasty. The mortality between the two groups was similar. However, patients more than 60 years of age had a much greater morbidity after gastric resection. Complications were more likely to occur in patients who had a history of chronic ingestion of aspirin prior to the bleeding episode or in whom bleeding from their duodenal ulcer developed while they were recovering from some other surgical procedure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

Pulmonary sparganosis: a case report with five years follow-up.

Sparganosis has a world wide distribution, but only a few patients have pulmonary involvement. The term sparganosis is defined as an infection by the larva of parasitic tapeworms of Spirometra species. We present here-in a patient, who was infected by this parasite and had pulmonary symptoms. The chest roentgenography revealed diffuse multiple nodular infiltration with cavitations. Bronchoscopy with a transbronchial lung biopsy was nondiagnostic. Finally, open lung biopsy was performed, and the histologic examination revealed plerocercoid larva of sparganum. The patient was treated with mebendazole 40 mg/kg/day for 6 months and his symptoms and pulmonary function improved. In the 5th year of follow-up, he presented with more progressive dyspnea and developed cor pulmonale, and finally died from pneumonia with sepsis. The objective of this report was to present a rare manifestation of sparganosis and it's clinical course. Currently, there is no known effective treatment for this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Current advances in radiological diagnosis of laryngeal cancer - "optimum" method, exposure data, projection.

An acceptable roentgenologic evaluation of the laryngeal status can only be made at present with the use of contrast medium. Further, a high potential technique should be used, combined, if possible, with a p.a. projection. Lesions of 1-2 mm size should be detectable with this technique. Xeroradiography is not at present superior to conventional roentgenography and involves an increased radiation hazard.

Contrast Media↗