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At least 1,423 records · Page 79Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Subacute osteomyelitis in children].

The paper presents diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in subacute osteomyelitis in children, basing on Robert's classification. The analyzed material consists of 11 children (aged 2 to 14 years) treated between 1990 and 2000. Particular attention was given to signs and symptoms before full diagnosis, the clinical picture and to laboratory findings. Diagnostic difficulties were related to radiological similarities in subacute osteomyelitis and certain neoplastic processes. The authors stress the fact that non-invasive diagnostics are not sensitive enough for a definite diagnosis. Surgical treatment allows a histological confirmation and proper treatment.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2003

[Fortuitously discovered lung nodules].

Pulmonary nodular amyloidosis is a rare entity. We report a new case where multiple nodules suggested, first, a neoplastic process. Clinical and radiological findings were non specific. Positive diagnosis was established at pathology.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Key role of apoptosis in progressing uveal melanoma].

Apoptosis is known as a major achievement of biological world evolution aimed at eliminating "genetic waste," transformed or obsolete cells, and hence at controlling neoplastic processes. At the same time, clinical data point to an inverse effect. Thorough fundamental studies at the levels of light and electron microscopy allowed us to reveal several disturbances in physiological course of apoptosis. We discuss possible recruitment of this mechanism by tumor aimed at self-selection for a cell clone with maximum malignant potential and at elimination of less aggressive populations where the set of point mutations is abortive for further tumor progression.

Apoptosis↗
PubMed2003

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses: a case report.

Non Hodgkin's Lymphomas of the sinonasal tract are uncommon neoplasms that can be morphologically difficult to distinguish from destructive non-neoplastic process or other malignant neoplasm in this site. Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas of the sinonasal tract are heterogeneous diseases that can be clinically aggressive. Immunophenotypic pattern of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas shows marked variations. We are reporting a case of B-Cell type of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus with complete clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study as it is rare in Indian literature and review of the literature is done.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

A child with Bartonella henselae osteomyelitis of the right humerus.

We present a case of a 22-month-old child with swollen upper part of the right arm and osteolytic lesion of the right humerus, which resembled a neoplastic process. Epidemiological history revealed no scratch marks on the skin or cutaneous papule or pustule. Presumptive diagnosis of hematogenous osteomyelitis was established, but treatment with fusidic acid was unsuccessful. Histological examination of the bioptic specimen of the soft tissue swelling showed a lymph node morphology, with numerous granulomas with central stellate necrosis. Indirect immunofluorescence assay for Bartonella henselae yielded positive results. New treatment included 15 days of trimetoprime and sulfamethoxazole, followed by azithromycin for 5 days. Four months later, swelling resolved and osteolytic lesion almost completely healed with formation of surrounding sclerosis. In conclusion, cat-scratch disease without positive epidemiological history and primary cutaneous papule or pustule may be a serious diagnostic problem, but can be solved by serological and histological examination.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Adenocarcinomatous pleural lesion associated with hypoglycemia].

We report the case of a patient suffering from a glandular pleural lesion. The evolution of the disease was punctuated by periods of hypoglycaemia, which caused a coma. There was no clinically evident explanation for these hypoglycaemic episodes. Investigations revealed adrenal failure, but this adrenal failure was unrelated to the neoplastic process in the patient. This case is a reminder that the cause of hypoglycaemia associated with tumours can really have a paraneoplastic origin and justifies an in depth study to achieve an aetiological diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2004

Gastric myoelectrical activity and intracranial hypertension.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate altered patterns of gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with high intracranial pressure due to severe craniocerebral injury producing intracranial hematomas, or to neoplastic processes in the central nervous system. MATERIAL/METHODS: The study population consisted of 50 patients admitted to the Department of Neurotraumatology, Jagiellonian University College of Medicine. The controls were 16 healthy volunteers matched for gender and age. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded with standard cutaneous electrodes using the Synectics (Sweden) system of data storage and analysis. RESULTS: The most significant changes in gastric myoelectrical activity were observed in patients after severe head injury with increased intracranial pressure (Glasgow Coma Scale score 4-7). The percentage of bradygastria increased to 46.5 in these patients, and the signal amplitude was also increased. Significant dysrrhythmias occurred in patients with increased intracranial pressure due to brain tumours. The percentage of tachygastria increased to 36.5. CONCLUSIONS: The greatest changes in gastric myoelectrical activity were found in patients with increased ICP and coma (GCS score 4-7) due to head injury. Bradygastria was found in 46.5% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Follicular dendritic cells inhibit human B-lymphocyte proliferation.

In germinal centers, B lymphocytes are intimately associated with follicular dendritic cells (FDCs). It has been hypothesized that FDCs are involved in the regulation of B-cell growth and differentiation through cell-cell interactions. In this study, highly enriched preparations of FDCs were isolated by cell sorting using the FDC restricted monoclonal antibody DRC-1. When irradiated FDCs were cultured with mitogen stimulated B cells, B cell 3H-TdR uptake was inhibited by up to 80%. This inhibitory effect was not seen when paraformaldehyde fixed FDCs were added to B-cell cultures, suggesting that the FDCs needed to be metabolically active. Moreover, supernatants from cultured FDCs were similarly able to inhibit B-cell proliferation. These results demonstrate that FDCs may downregulate the clonal expansion of B cells that occurs within lymphoid follicles as part of the normal physiologic immune response. Potentially, the loss of the inhibitory role of FDCs in vivo may be of importance in certain infectious and neoplastic processes in which germinal centers are affected.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed2004

[Large loop excision of the transformation zone in Israel--2001].

BACKGROUND: Large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) is regarded as the treatment of choice in cases of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN). Since the method is easy to learn and the equipment is inexpensive, many gynecologists now perform it in the clinic. Concern has been raised regarding the use of this procedure with insufficient indication by physicians who have not been adequately trained in performing LLETZ. AIM: This article aims to verify whether the indications for LLETZ in Israel are similar to those accepted in the updated literature and to discuss the need for licensure to perform LLETZ. Licensure would limit the use of LLETZ only to professionals specifically trained to conduct this procedure. METHOD: A questionnaire was sent to gynecologists, heads of obstetrics and gynecology departments as well as managers of public and private hospitals, regarding LLETZ performed in 2001. Topics covered in the questionnaire included: the number of LLETZ procedures performed, the patient's age, pre- and post-operative histopathological diagnosis, complications, follow-up and recurrence rate. The physicians were asked to complete separate questionnaires for each of the clinics in which he or she worked. RESULTS: The completed questionnaires comprised of 625 LLETZ procedures in eight public and three private colposcopy clinics. The ages of the women ranged from 18 to 70 years old, with 49% in the 18 to 34 age range. Most women (416) who underwent the LLETZ procedure had CIN grades 2 or 3. However, 128 women with CIN 1 were also treated. Among this group, 50% were confirmed CIN 1 according to the surgical specimen but 43 women had normal epithelium, 20 (15.6%) had high grade CIN (2-3) and one had invasive cancer. The most common post-operative short and long-term complication was heavy bleeding. Involvement of the surgical specimen borders was found in one fifth of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: The finding that about half of the women who underwent LLETZ were below the age of 35 years is of particular significance since the health insurance agencies in Israel only cover a pap smear screening test for women between the ages 35-54, once every three years. Therefore, there is an indication to start screening from the age 18. Similar to other countries in the world, the main indication to perform LLETZ in Israel is CIN 2-3. However, performing LLETZ for CIN 1 in many cases, and administering general anesthesia in certain centers, calls for the introduction of licensure for performing LLETZ. Involvement of the margins of the specimen in the neoplastic process in one fifth of the patients was similar to that reported in the literature. The various centers in Israel have different approaches as to the required surveillance period for women following LLETZ. It is suggested that women with involvement of the surgical specimen margins by CIN should be under medical surveillance at colposcopy clinics for a period of at least eight years.

Female↗
PubMed2004

[Bax and bcl-2 imbalance and HPB infection in penile tumors and adjacent tissues].

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the expression pattern of apoptotic related proteins Bax and Bcl-2 and HPV virus infection in samples of penile carcinomas and adjacent tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Bax and Bcl-2 were assayed by Western Blot and HPV virus presence by PCR in 16 tumor samples, 11 adjacent skin and 10 adjacent corpus cavernosum samples. Normal penile tissues were used as controls. RESULTS: Comparative to control samples, tumors showed an imbalance in Bax and Bcl-2 expression. These alterations were also observed in tumor adjacent tissues. We found that 37.5% (6/16) of our samples were infected by HPV. CONCLUSIONS: Bax and Bcl-2 imbalance is probably associated with the neoplastic process. No correlation between Bax/Bcl-2 balance and patient age and tumor differentiation was found. HPV infection should not be the major cause for penis cancer development.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Inhibition of carcinogenesis by minor dietary constituents.

A major foundation of the field of cancer chemoprevention has resided in an impressive number of animal studies showing that cancer can be prevented by a variety of chemical compounds. In the search for increasingly effective inhibitors, both synthetic and naturally occurring compounds are being investigated. One group of naturally occurring compounds of particular interest consists of minor dietary nonnutrients. Foods of plant origin frequently contain as much as several per cent of these compounds. In recent years there has been a growing awareness that they may have important effects on the consequences of exposure to carcinogenic agents. This information comes from studies of whole diets; individual dietary constituents, particularly those from plants; and finally from investigations of pure compounds. The nonnutrient inhibitors of carcinogenesis have several different mechanisms of action. Some are blocking agents; i.e., they prevent carcinogens from reaching or reacting with critical target sites. Others are suppressing agents; i.e., they prevent evolution of the neoplastic process in cells that otherwise would become malignant. Occasionally, one compound will show both mechanisms. The nonnutrient compounds have the important attribute of there being data on their consumption by humans. Thus, it may be possible to evaluate their impact on cancer risk. Ultimately, information pertaining to these compounds may be useful in terms of diet selection or their use as dietary supplements.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence and characteristics of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) in healthy individuals and the relationship with clinical disease.

Identifying and characterizing the earliest stages of disease is particularly important in disorders such as Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), where the initiating oncogenic events are unknown. Improvements in diagnostic technology have led to the detection of disease-associated markers in increasing numbers of otherwise healthy individuals. However, many of these approaches do not necessarily constitute evidence of a neoplastic process: the identification of a disease-precursor state requires evidence at several levels. The advent of high-sensitivity flow cytometry techniques, developed to monitor disease in CLL patients undergoing treatment, has allowed accurate enumeration of sub-clinical levels of monoclonal B-cells with a CLL phenotype in healthy individuals from the general population and CLL families. The age and gender distribution parallels that of clinical disease. Emerging evidence confirms the association between the aberrant cells in healthy individuals and those in CLL patients at the phenotypic, genotypic and clinical level, particularly in families with inherited susceptibility. These cells provide a tool for studying the events responsible for disease initiation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Unusual location of eosinophilic granuloma.

Eosinophilic granuloma EG is a benign self-limiting disease, which belongs to the spectrum of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis LCH. The etiology of LCH remains unknown, although the evidence indicates that it is a clonal proliferative disorder of Langerhans cells, it has also been characterized as reactive disorder, neoplastic process and a berrant immune response. Eosinophilic granuloma is characterized by single or multiple skeletal lesions occurring predominately in children, adolescents and young adults, it accounts for 70% of LCH. It is more common in males, and the common sites are the skull, mandible, ribs, spines and long bones particularly the femur and the humerus. The estimated incidence of EG is 3-4 per million of the population. Vertebral bone involvement is rarely seen and usually affects the vertebral body. We are reporting an unusual case of EG in a female child presented with a solitary lesion at posterior element of lumbar vertebra.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1992

Natural history of intraepithelial neoplasia in humans with implications for cancer chemoprevention strategy.

Intraepithelial neoplasia is of critical importance to the cancer chemoprevention field because it is a target condition for which drugs must be sought that will prevent its development or stop its progression. The term "dysplasia" refers to the morphological alterations that characterize intraepithelial neoplasia and according to many authors consists of seven basic morphological changes that occur in the majority of human epithelia, as well as in the epithelium of mouse skin papillomas induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate: increased nuclear size; altered nuclear shape; increased nuclear stain uptake; nuclear pleomorphism (increased variation in nuclear size, shape, and stain uptake); increased mitoses; abnormal mitoses; and disordered or absent maturation. Clonal evolution appears to begin early in the neoplastic process during intraepithelial neoplasia. Aneuploidy has been found during intraepithelial neoplasia in many human epithelia, and, in association with other forms of genetic instability, may provide the increase in genetically variant cells required for clonal evolution to occur. It is postulated that two major factors affecting the rate of progression of intraepithelial neoplasia are the cellular mutation rate, which is enhanced by environmental carcinogens, and the cellular proliferation rate, which is enhanced by agents that include sex hormones, inducers of chronic inflammation, and irritant chemicals which stimulate reactive hyperproliferation. A preferred chemoprevention strategy should consist of the development of drugs and drug combinations which will block mutagenic carcinogens or prevent epithelial hyperproliferation or its causes. Two examples of the induction of regression of intraepithelial neoplasia by chemopreventive drugs are the regression of oral leukoplakia produced by beta-carotene and the regression of colorectal polyps in patients with familial polyposis produced by sulindac. It is evident that there is a strong need for more research on the induction of regression of intraepithelial neoplasia with chemopreventive agents. There is also a critical need to identify and develop biomarkers that correlate with the appearance and regression of intraepithelial neoplasia.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Oral isotretinoin in the treatment and prevention of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

The clinical uses of oral isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) are many. They include treatment of acneiform eruptions, diseases of cornification, inflammatory disorders, and neoplastic processes. Isotretinoin has shown greater efficacy in the chemoprevention of squamous cell carcinoma, rather than in the treatment. High-dose isotretinoin has mainly been utilized in those patients at high-risk for multiple new skin cancers where the risk of morbidity from side effects is overshadowed by the benefit to the patient.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2004

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: manifestations in the oral cavity.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a pandemic disease characterised by impairment of the immune system; the main parameter is a progressive decline in the number of CD4 lymphocytes. This circumstance paves the way for opportunistic infections and the development of neoplastic processes that can lead the patient to a state known as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and ultimately, results in death. The incorporation of treatment based on a cocktail of different active drugs (highly active antiretroviral therapy) has made it possible to drastically change the panorama of the disease in developed nations; improving quality of life for the patient and delaying the progression of the disease. The oral manifestations of HIV infection have been and continue to be an important component of the disease from the very first descriptions and are indicative of progression. At some point in the course of the disease, nine out of every ten patients will present oral manifestations and, on occasion, these symptoms will be the first sign of the syndrome. It is essential that oral healthcare professionals recognize the hallmarks of the illness. In developed countries, the emergence of new therapies has made it possible to significantly reduce immune deficiency-related oral manifestations, both in terms of frequency, as well as severity. This review analyses the most important oral lesions associated with HIV infection and the current state of affairs in this regard.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2004

[Preliminary results of the use of MRD test among children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia].

UNLABELLED: The purpose of the study was to monitor minimal residue disease (MRD) among children with ALL and to evaluate the possibility of using this test to detect and monitor the minimal residual disease (MRD test) in the stratification of risk groups on a parallel basis with other recognised prognostic factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 56 children, with de novo diagnosed ALL, comprised test group. Control group consisted of 10 healthy persons. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood and bone marrow. During research applied was the PCR method with the use of starters specific for conservative IgH and TCR delta gene fragments. ALL therapy was monitored by evaluation of MRD in the 15th and 33rd day of treatment and prior to supportive treatment. Stratification into risk groups, based on the MRD test results was compared with the stratification conducted in accordance with the recognised prognostic factors, such as: primary leucocytosis, steroid therapy response, drug resistance and karyotype. RESULTS: Among 52 children (92.8%) of the 56, which were tested prior to the start of treatment, obtained the sought for rearrangement, 90-120bp size stripe being an amplified regrouping of the VDJ fragment. Among all the tested healthy persons, the test result was negative. Testing the IgH and TCR delta gene regrouping allowed to demonstrate clonality of the neoplastic process during the diagnosis in 92.8% of the cases. In some of them the regrouping had a bi- or oligoclonal character. The number of patients with a positive MRD test result was dependent on the phase of treatment. Positive results were recorded among 10% of the patients (4/39) during clinical remission, among 86% (6/7) deceased and among 80% (4/5) suffering from relapse. Among 16.7% (2/13) of the patients with determined relapse or who died due to the course of illness process were also observed negative MRD test results. Steroid resistance was stated among 18/56 children, out of which 8/56 obtained a positive MRD test result in the 33rd day of treatment. Among 3 of them the result was maintained prior to supportive treatment. Leucocytosis during diagnosis above 50 thousand was recorded among 10/56 patients. Among 5 of them determined was rearrangement on the 33rd day of treatment, and for 1 prior to supportive treatment. Cytogenetic tests showed a correct karyotype for 19 out of 56 tested children. In this group steroid resistance was determined among 8 children, high preliminary leucocytosis among 5 and in 17 cases of the tested rearrangement. Stratification into therapeutic groups based on classical prognostic factors in most cases was the same with the stratification based on the MRD test results. The accuracy of the latter method was greater. CONCLUSIONS: The use of MRD test has its application in risk group qualification. MRD test is helpful in determining relapses prior to the appearance of clinical symptoms. Among the tested group of children with ALL a positive MRD test result was a bad prognostic factor. It seams that the use of a combined analysis of the risk factors and the MRD test results in a significant manner contribute to a more complex evaluation of the patient's condition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Surgical treatment in a case of extensive esthesioneuroblastoma in 77 years old female].

The author presents a case of woman aged 77 with esthesioneuroblastoma of left nasal cavity and nasopharynx. There were metastase to cervical lymph nodes. The patient was treated surgically and by radiotherapy. The performance of tumor removing with conservative bilateral neck dissection was used as surgical treatment. Now it has been two years of observation and no renewal of neoplastic process was noticed.

Aged↗