[Sexual abuse of children in the South Moravian Region 1985-1986].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
SEARCH · Search PubMed
Results for “Incest”
Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.
Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.
[Termination of pregnancy called "therapeutic." Requirements, limits and insufficiencies of the law].
The authors point out the difficulties in applying the two final paragraphs of article L 162 of the Public Health Code which authorizes and explains the justification for terminating pregnancies later than the legal term of twelve weeks of amenorrhoea. These difficulties arise mainly because of the different ways in which it is possible to interpret how serious a menace to the health of the woman is caused by the pregnancy, which at present cannot be the only reason for provoking a purely medical decision for terminating the pregnancy while deciding how desperate the obvious distress is. On the other hand, the definition of a strong probability that the child to be born would have a particularly serious malformation, recognised as incurable when diagnosed and which constitutes the second indication for terminating the pregnancy on so called therapeutic grounds seems also to lack precision. The authors draw attention to how strictly the law has to be applied as far as termination of pregnancy is concerned as well as basic conditions for carrying out the procedure, which can act as a support for the sole but very definite precise judgement of the Appeal Court of Paris on the 9th July 1982. This can be considered as a judgement for bidding any deviations form the legal requirements of a text that is a very definite one and has to be interpreted strictly.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abortion, Legal↗
Childhood abuse linked to dental fears.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Anxiety↗
Demographic and historic variables in women with idiopathic chronic pelvic pain.
A comprehensive historic, demographic, and medical questionnaire was administered to 106 women referred to a multidisciplinary clinic for evaluation of idiopathic chronic pelvic pain and to 92 age-matched, pain-free control patients presenting for routine annual examination. Although racial distribution, mean gravidity and parity, and rates of elective abortion were similar in both groups of respondents, spontaneous abortion was reported significantly more frequently among women with pelvic pain. Patients in the study group were also more likely to be on active military duty, to have undergone previous nongynecologic surgery, and to have sought treatment for unrelated somatic complaints. Finally, although the mean ages at first intercourse were similar, women with idiopathic pelvic pain reported a higher total number of sexual partners and were significantly more likely to have experienced previous significant psychosexual trauma. These findings confirm that predisposing psychosocial variables are important in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pelvic pain and emphasize the significance of multidisciplinary evaluation and management.
Abortion, Spontaneous↗
Women who molest children.
In only nine of approximately 600 cases of child molestation in New Hampshire and Vermont was the perpetrator found to be a woman. Case histories and some testing data show a history of sexual assault as a child, frequent offense in the company of a dominant male partner, and a major disinhibition as a result of severe character disorder or limited intelligence. These factors not only interfered with maternal bonding and nurturing behavior but also contributed to suspension of judgment about the appropriateness of sexual contact with children.
Adolescent↗
[Sexual molestation of children--a serious form of child abuse].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adolescent↗
[Sexual abuse of girls within the family--results of an analysis of expert psychological credibility assessment].
This study is based on 57 reports by a psychological expert witness who had examined the credibility of girls sexually abused by a family member. Compared with other studies not limited to cases known to the criminal court, the experiences of these girls were more severe, with regard to frequency, kind of sexual contact and use of direct physical force. Further results concern possible conditions of the abuse, the girls' reactions, the attitude of their social environment and aspects of the legal proceedings.
Child↗
[Sexual abuses against those under 16 years of age. An analysis of 60 cases seen at the Institute of Forensic Medicine in Coimbra].
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Academies and Institutes↗
Sexual abuse in patients with eating disorders.
The incidence of sexual abuse in eating disorder patients appears significant. Fifty percent of both our anorectic and bulimic patients reported a history of sexual abuse while only 28% of a non-anorexic, non-bulimic control population reported similar problems (p less than 0.01). Several patterns of behavior seemed related to previous sexual assault. In one, the eating disorder was used to change the body image of the patient and therefore to provide a defense to future abuse. Other behaviors which occurred more specifically in bulimic women dealt with a projection of repressed anger toward male authority figures. Forty six percent of the bulimic women seen in our study exhibited some promiscuous behavior, using sex either as a gauge of their own self worth or as a means of punishing men. It is essential that sexual issues be addressed early in the treatment of patients with eating disorders. Disclosure is often difficult particularly in outpatient situations where the patient lives at home with her family. It usually does not occur in such cases until the later stages of therapy, or until the patient is hospitalized. Rape is the exception since our data suggests that it is usually revealed early in the course of treatment (p less than 0.001). Once disclosure occurs, a dramatic change is usually seen in the patient and treatment becomes more effective. As the patient deals with the issues of sexual abuse, they no longer need to deny their sexuality or punish themselves or others. Issues of guilt, depression, repressed anger, low self-esteem, social isolation and inadequacy are important and need to be addressed during the course of therapy with sexually abused patients.
Adolescent↗
[Indications for therapeutic interruption of pregnancy in Ille-et-Villaine from 1982 to 1986. Apropos of 222 cases].
The authors have made the census of all the Medical Terminations of Pregnancy (MTP) which have been carried out in the Department of Ille et Vilaine from 1982 to 1986, i.e. 222 cases, in order to precise the different indications and the diagnosis tools which were used. 132 MTP concern women who live in the Department of Ille et Vilaine. By referring this figure to the total number of pregnancies in this area, one can see that the average incidence is of 1.9%; MTP account for 1% of the total number of Terminations of Pregnancies. Foetal indications are more frequent (188 cases; i.e. 84.7%) than maternal ones (34 cases, 15.3%); these figures remained stable over the 5-year period of study. Chromosomal aberrations and closing defects of the neural tubule are the main causes of MTP (22.9% of foetal indications). Among the 43 chromosomal aberrations, trisomies are the most frequent ones (34.9%) because all women aged 38 or more are proposed a detection. The diagnosis of trisomy was made in 24 cases after tests were programmed either because of the age of the mother or because of family antecedents (amniocentesis: 22 times, punction of foetal blood: once, biopsy of chorion villosities: once), in 6 cases after tests were carried out on the basis of suspect clinical signs amniocentesis: once, punction of foetal blood: 5 times), and in 13 cases after the echography had revealed a major syndrome. Closing defects of the central nervous system mainly concern anencephaly (17.6% of foetal indications) since the echography enables an easy diagnosis. All anencephaly have actually been detected during the reference period of pregnancy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abnormalities, Multiple↗
Hypnosis in the treatment of victims of sexual abuse.
The relevance of hypnosis to the treatment of sexual assault derives from two sources: the fact that hypnotic phenomena are mobilized spontaneously as defenses during assault, becoming part of the syndrome of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the usefulness of formal hypnosis in treating PTSD. The role of dissociative defenses during and after traumatic experiences is reviewed; an analogy between the major elements of formally-induced hypnosis--absorption, dissociation, and suggestibility, and the major elements of PTSD--is drawn. Special problems relevant to sexual assault in childhood are discussed, including extreme self-blame and a profound sense of personality fragmentation. Uses of hypnosis in the treatment of sexual assault victims are reviewed, with an emphasis on helping such patients restructure their memories of the experience, both by reviewing them with greater control over their physical sense of comfort and safety and by balancing painful memories with recognition of their efforts to protect themselves or someone else who was endangered. The use of a split-screen technique in hypnosis is described with a clinical example. Special considerations in such treatment, including the traumatic transference and forensic complications of such psychotherapeutic work, are enumerated.
Adolescent↗
The compulsion to repeat the trauma. Re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism.
Trauma can be repeated on behavioral, emotional, physiologic, and neuroendocrinologic levels. Repetition on these different levels causes a large variety of individual and social suffering. Anger directed against the self or others is always a central problem in the lives of people who have been violated and this is itself a repetitive re-enactment of real events from the past. People need a "safe base" for normal social and biologic development. Traumatization occurs when both internal and external resources are inadequate to cope with external threat. Uncontrollable disruptions or distortions of attachment bonds precede the development of post-traumatic stress syndromes. People seek increased attachment in the face of external danger. Adults, as well as children, may develop strong emotional ties with people who intermittently harass, beat, and threaten them. The persistence of these attachment bonds leads to confusion of pain and love. Assaults lead to hyperarousal states for which the memory can be state-dependent or dissociated, and this memory only returns fully during renewed terror. This interferes with good judgment about these relationships and allows longing for attachment to overcome realistic fears. All primates subjected to early abuse and deprivation are vulnerable to engage in violent relationships with peers as adults. Males tend to be hyperaggressive, and females fail to protect themselves and their offspring against danger. Chronic physiologic hyperarousal persists, particularly to stimuli reminiscent of the trauma. Later stresses tend to be experienced as somatic states, rather than as specific events that require specific means of coping. Thus, victims of trauma may respond to contemporary stimuli as a return of the trauma, without conscious awareness that past injury rather than current stress is the basis of their physiologic emergency responses. Hyperarousal interferes with the ability to make rational assessments and prevents resolution and integration of the trauma. Disturbances in the catecholamine, serotonin, and endogenous opioid systems have been implicated in this persistence of all-or-none responses. People who have been exposed to highly stressful stimuli develop long-term potentiation of memory tracts that are reactivated at times of subsequent arousal. This activation explains how current stress is experienced as a return of the trauma; it causes a return to earlier behavior patterns. Ordinarily, people will choose the most pleasant of two alternatives. High arousal causes people to engage in familiar behavior, regardless of the rewards. As novel stimuli are anxiety provoking, under stress, previously traumatized people tend return to familiar patterns, even if they cause pain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adolescent↗
The centrality of victimization. Regaining the focal point of recovery for survivors of child sexual abuse.
Psychiatrists have tended to be reluctant followers rather than leaders in the proliferation of concern for child abuse that has developed over the past 25 years. By discounting the relevance of child sexual trauma, psychiatric clinicians and theoreticians overlook not only the therapeutic needs of many survivors but the opportunity to reconceptualize the role of trauma in the etiology and treatment of conditions presumed to be incurable. Present controversies over child sexual abuse are mirrors of past misadventures with uncovering. Since 1860, child abuse has been discovered and then discredited every 35 years by the most visionary clinicians of the day, each faced with the alternative of denouncing the discovery or succumbing to scorn and disgrace. The history of child sexual abuse, whether viewed by parent via child, therapist via patient, or adult survivor via the child within, is one of unimaginable pain and betrayal masked by adult distancing, disavowal, victim blame, and identification with the aggressor. The lurid emotional imperatives of the trauma itself have no place in a just and fair society, and they resist translation into the rational, objective language and concepts of behavioral science. The subject of child sexual abuse is itself so passionate and so paradoxical that it provokes polarized dichotomies at every level, leaving indifference and avoidance as the only hope for serenity. The active nesciance, the determined insistence on not knowing, that pervades every aspect of child sexual abuse encourages the most authoritative scholars to be the most repressive of radical discovery, especially if authority has been achieved as a reaction against youthful vulnerability. Every clinician facing a survivor of childhood sexual trauma faces an assault on personal comfort and authority, just as each patient in that encounter risks intimidation and disgrace. The connections between childhood assault and adult adjustment will be missed unless the therapist can find an unprejudiced path toward mutual acceptance. The promise of genuine understanding and radical resolution of the effects of child sexual abuse is dimmed on both sides by a history of abandonment in the face of scornful, punishing authority. Freud's concept of the unconscious as the arena for successful psychotherapy, his sense of the patient as a normal, healthy individual incapacitated by the effects of buried trauma and his initial optimism for radical recovery from post-traumatic handicaps were soundly derived from his clinical confrontations with child sexual abuse, as were Ferenczi's parallel contributions 35 years later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adaptation, Psychological↗
Cultural dimensions in the evaluation and treatment of sexual trauma. An overview.
Although many women worldwide experience sexual trauma, they constitute a neglected patient population. Refugee women, in particular, reveal a high prevalence of sexual trauma. Despite the recognition that sexual trauma afflicts the lives of many, little is known about the impact on health of sexual trauma and its evaluation and treatment. Few empirical studies exist. This article focuses on describing the cultural issues relevant to treating patients who have been sexually traumatized. Clinical descriptions and patient testimonies are used to provide a clinical guide for evaluation and treatment, as well as for outlining directions for future research.
Acculturation↗
Understanding what is hidden. Shame in sexual abuse.
Competence in treating the victims of sexual abuse and exploitation requires an understanding of shame, the complex and multilayered emotion triggered when we have been exposed or when our self-esteem has been reduced. The experience of shame is initially physiologic, involving a cortical shock momentarily halting higher cognitive function, but followed immediately by a host of associations to previous experiences of shame. Acutely, the affect itself impels hiding, while defenses against it include anger, humor, silence, and a wide range of behaviors. In our culture, all sexuality involves an interplay between exposure and privacy, between control and release. The sexual abuse of adults and the sexual exploitation of children must produce shame, study of the interaction between abuser and abused suggests that shame conflict figures prominently in the genesis of such activity. To the extent that psychotherapy itself involves exposure, it must trigger shame; thus, it is likely that the therapist unskilled in the recognition of shame in all its disguises will overlook or misunderstand many of the issues that should form the core of our treatment of those whose sexual selves have been abused or exploited.
Adolescent↗
A psychosocial model of the victim-to-patient process. Implications for treatment.
The psychosocial model of the victim-to-patient process explains how chronic abuse damages the self and sets into motion psychological processes that may evolve into various forms of mental illness. This model emphasizes the fragmented identity that derives from victims' attempts to accommodate to the judgments of others about the abuse, namely, it didn't happen; it happened, but it wasn't important and has no consequences; (s)he provoked it; and it wasn't abusive. Victims thus repress and deny the trauma and associated feelings in order to survive. The behavioral and psychological legacy of this adaptation forms the core of survivors' psychopathology and becomes an obstacle to treatment and recovery. The link between the damaged self and AIDS risk in adolescent runaway, homeless, and mentally ill survivor populations is underscored, along with recommendations for urgently needed clinical interventions.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
Prevention of child sexual abuse.
Child sexual abuse prevention programs are a growing phenomenon addressing an expanding number of topics raised by a variety of violent and perverse acts. Currently programs tend to focus on a fairly narrow age group and use an educational model for children. There is a need for broad-based programs with a strong focus on the adults around children. Perinatal prevention programs require an adult focus and must take advantage of a special time in child and family development to address lesson of health and intimacy in a way that may decrease the incidence of future child sexual abuse.
Child↗