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PubMed2000

Health status and resources of rural homeless women and children. Iowa Homeless Research Team.

The purpose of this research is to describe the health status and health resources for homeless women and children in a Midwestern rural community. A group of 31 rural homeless women in a shelter participated in the study by answering questions on the Rural Homeless Interview developed by the investigators. The findings revealed higher than expected rates of illness, accidents, and adverse life events, with the incidence of substance abuse and mental illness being comparable to data from other homeless populations. The data on children were limited by lack of knowledge on the part of their mothers. Some mothers reported that their children were in foster care, had been adopted, or were being cared for by others. The inability to access health and dental care was reported by half of the participants.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

['Public health status and perspectives' 1997. VI. Effects of health care].

The aim of this study was to investigate whether more health improvement might be attained with existing medical interventions. The interventions for ten diseases were studied to assess their efficacy (effect in ideal, experimental situation), their effectiveness (effect in daily practice) and the discrepancy between the efficacy and effectiveness. In addition, the causes of unexpectedly low effectiveness were studied. Interventions with proven efficacy were identified for all ten diseases. The effectiveness was less often studied. Existing health care registrations could provide information on the effectiveness for only three diseases (tuberculosis, colorectal tumours, and acute myocardial infarction). Causes of unexpectedly low effectiveness were observed in several of the five phases of the process of care: contacting the health care system, diagnosing the disease, prescribing the appropriate intervention, executing the intervention and patient compliance.

Colorectal Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The relationship between the feline coronavirus antibody titre and the age, breed, gender and health status of Australian cats.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between Feline Coronavirus (FCoV) antibody titres and age, breed, gender and health status of Australian cats DESIGN: Retrospective study PROCEDURE: Results from two serological tests that measure FCoV antibody levels, the Coronase test and the 7B Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) test, were recorded over a 2-year period, with patient signalment, history, presenting complaint and the reason for ordering the test (as available). Results from each antibody test were related to four explanatory variables (breed, age, gender and health status at the time of blood collection) using univariate ordinal logistic regression analyses, Mann Whitney U tests, one-sample sign tests or Kruskal-Wallis analyses, as appropriate. RESULTS: Results from 637 Coronase and 191 7B FIP antibody tests were recorded. There were significant differences in median Coronase antibody titres between breeds of cats (P < 0.0005). Specifically, the median Coronase antibody titres of Siamese, Persians, Domestic Shorthairs and Bengal cats (100) were significantly lower than that of British Shorthairs, Cornish Rex and Burmese cats (400, P < 0.0005). There was no statistical relationship between the Coronase or 7B FIP antibody titres and age, gender or overall health status, even when considering only those cats in which clinical signs suggestive of FIP were present. CONCLUSION: This study reinforces the complexity of interpreting serological tests for FCoV in both healthy cats and patients with signs compatible with FIR Unique to this study is the detection of a significant relationship between breed and median FCoV antibody titre. This supports the theory that breed related differences exist in response to FCoV infection. The distribution of median Coronase antibody titres by breed was very similar to the pattern of breed predisposition to FIP recently reported in Sydney.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1999

Income characteristics of rural older women and implications for health status.

This review examines the relationship between rural residence, income, and health status for older women in the U.S. little published research has focused on the interaction between financial status and the specific health-related needs of these rural women. Both descriptive data from the 1990 U.S. Census and empirical data from the health care literature are analyzed. Gender, rural residence, and poverty are identified as risk factors for reduced access to health care services, lower rates of health care service utilization, and poorer health outcomes.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Religious effects on health status and life satisfaction among black Americans.

This study tests a theoretical model linking religiosity, health status, and life satisfaction using data from the National Survey of Black Americans, a nationally representative sample of Blacks at least 18 years old. Findings reveal statistically significant effects for organizational religiosity on both health and life satisfaction, for nonorganizational religiosity on health, and for subjective religiosity on life satisfaction. Analyses of structural invariance reveal a good overall fit for the model across three age cohorts (< or = 30, 31-54, > or = 55) and confirm that assuming age-invariance of structural parameters does not significantly detract from overall fit. In addition, after controlling for the effects of several sociodemographic correlates of religiosity, health, and well-being, organizational religiosity maintains a strong, significant effect on life satisfaction. These findings suggest that the association between religion and well-being is consistent over the life course and not simply an artifact of the confounding of measures of organizational religiosity and health status.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Health behaviour and health status of nursing staff--a review of the literature].

Presently around 1.1 million nurses are employed in the German health care system. Due to increased workload and staff reduction, studies on the health behaviour and health condition of nursing staff are increasingly important. Hence we reviewed the literature on health behaviour and health condition of nursing staff. Articles available in Medline and Embase from 1978 to 2000 were included, focussing on smoking, alcohol consumption, substance abuse, eating habits, body-mass index, dental health status, risk behaviour in traffic, workload, burnout syndrome, sports and recreation, job satisfaction, subjective health status, subjective complaints, vaccinations and quality of life. Health behaviour was divided in unhealthy and healthy behaviour. It became obvious that most of the studies focussed on investigation of unhealthy behaviour, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, substance abuse and poor eating habits. Health promotion was mainly seen as avoiding these unhealthy habits. Only in current studies definitions of health promoting behaviour were developed as a part of a comprehensive life-style.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Low-to-moderate alcohol intake and health status in heart failure patients.

BACKGROUND: Although heart failure (HF) guidelines recommend alcohol abstinence, existing evidence indicates that alcohol may not worsen survival and no data about associations between alcohol and health status (patients' symptoms, function, and quality of life) exist. METHODS AND RESULTS: Alcohol use was quantified in 420 HF outpatients. The associations between moderate alcohol intake (1 to 60 drinks/month) and health status were assessed by comparing baseline and 1-year Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) and Short Form-12 (SF-12) scores between moderate and nondrinkers. No differences in baseline KCCQ or SF-12 scores between abstainers (n = 245) and moderate drinkers (n = 175) were observed (KCCQ 60.5 +/- 24 versus 61.9 +/- 23.5, P = .55; SF-12 Physical Component Score (PCS) 33.6 +/- 11.2 versus 35.3 +/- 10.2, P = .14; and SF-12 Mental Component Score (MCS) 49.1 +/- 11.1 versus 49.4 +/- 11.4, P = .78). Abstainers and drinkers also had similar 1-year KCCQ scores (65.8 +/- 24.5 versus 69.3 +/- 24.1, P = .23), mortality (10.5% versus 11.6%, P = .72) and HF hospitalizations (18.0% versus 15.4%, P = .51). Multivariable analyses controlling for baseline differences also revealed similar outcomes between abstainers and drinkers-1-year KCCQ change = 4.3 +/- 1.8 versus 5.2 +/- 2.5; P = .75), mortality (OR = 1.33, 95% CI 0.67-2.64), or HF hospitalization (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.60-2.11). CONCLUSION: No relationships between moderate alcohol consumption and health status or 1-year outcomes were identified in this multicenter observational study. These data do not support the need for complete alcohol abstinence for all HF patients among those who drink in moderation.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1992

Perceived health status and mortality among older men and women.

This article separately examines the relationship of perceived health status and mortality for the 1,599 men and 2,904 women self-respondents in the Longitudinal Study on Aging. Using hierarchical logistic regression, the zero-order relationships are decomposed by the serial introduction of demographic, socioeconomic, health status, and psychosocial factors. For men, only those in poor health are significantly more likely to die than those in excellent health (adjusted odds ratio = 1.754), all other things being equal. For women, those in fair or poor health are more likely to die than those in excellent health (adjusted odds ratios = 1.870 and 2.181, respectively), all other things being equal.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Comparing the performance of health status measures for healthy older adults.

OBJECTIVES: The specific goals of the study were to compare three health status measures among older adults for their correlations with similar scales and to examine whether extreme (positive) health states might lead to measurement problems. We also report on practical administration and response problems among older adults. DESIGN: Eligible and randomly selected health plan enrollees aged 65 and older were sent a baseline survey about their health. A random sample of persons who returned this survey was recruited to participate in the comparative study. Additional questionnaires were completed by mail and telephone interviews. Measures were repeated at a 1-year follow-up mailing. SETTING: This study was conducted at Group Health Co-operative (GHC) of Puget Sound, a large prepaid health maintenance organization. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects were 200 of the 283 older adults selected (68.2% response). Mean age was 72.5 years. MEASUREMENTS: The primary measures were the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), the Quality of Well-being Scale (QWB), and three scales of the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36). Also included were a stress scale, the Positive Affect Scale, and the Chronic Disease Score (CDS) computed from the automated pharmacy data. RESULTS: SIP scores showed a very strong skew toward low (good health) scores with a mean of 3.4% (+/- SD 4.4). The QWB scores ranged from .50 to .90 (mean .73 +/- .09). For the MOS SF-36 scales, scores of 100 (good health) were common for both of the physical health scales but not for general health. Analyses showed the SIP, QWB, and MOS SF-36 scales were moderately to strongly correlated with similar measurement scales and with the independent measure of chronic disease and psychosocial health. Scales repeated at 1 year were highly correlated: intraclass correlation coefficients between baseline and 1 year ranged from an r = .51 to .73. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the SIP is not a useful tool for rating healthy, community-dwelling older adults. Two MOS SF-36 measures used in this study showed some tendency for "ceiling" measurement effects. The QWB demonstrated an acceptable distribution of scale scores; however, it is the most complex of the three measures to administer. Among the broad range of older adults, no one tool appears to apply to every situation.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[Meta-analysis on the effectiveness of pulmonary rehabilitation program on exercise capacity/tolerance and general health status].

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to combine the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) on exercise capacity/tolerance and general health status of COPD patients based on the primary research results examined the effects of PRP. METHOD: Seventeen studies were selected by the sampling criteria established to include the studies that reported enough statistics necessary to conduct meta-analysis. RESULT: According to the study results, the most effective indicators for exercise capacity/tolerance were exercise time (such as cycling time or treadmill walking time) and ground walking distance within given time (6 minutes or 12 minutes), whereas effects on such indicators as VE and VO2 were not statistically significant. PRP induced significant effect on patients' general health status, frequently measured by physical, psycho-emotional, and holistic indicators, the enhancement on psycho-emotional dimension resulted from PRP was more prominent than those of the other dimensions. From the results, it was noted that the place where PRP was given and the contents of PRP exercised their influence on the outcome variables. Which body part was trained was also one of the important factors that influence on the patients' perception of dyspnea during exercise as well as on exercise capacity/tolerance. CONCLUSION: PRP including exercise training significantly improved the exercise capacity and general health status of COPD patients.

English Abstract↗
PubMed2005

A non-handicapped cohort of low-birthweight children: growth and general health status at 11 years of age.

AIMS: To describe and compare physical growth, current health status, functional limitations and neurodevelopmental impairments (defined as low IQ, school problems or psychiatric disorder) at 11 y of age in a population of non-handicapped low-birthweight (LBW) children with that of normal-birthweight (NBW) children. METHODS: A population-based sample of 130 LBW children (weighing less than 2000 g at birth) without major handicaps, and a random sample of 131 NBW children born at term. Somatic and mental health and cognitive abilities were assessed through questionnaires to parents, a physical examination, standardized tests of cognitive function (WISC-R) and a semi-structured interview (Children Assessment Schedule). RESULTS: General somatic health status was similar for the LBW and NBW children. The LBW children were shorter (mean difference -2.5 cm; 95% CI -0.9 to -4.2) and had a smaller head circumference (mean difference -0.8 cm; 95% CI -0.4 to -1.1) but similar weights and body mass indices. Differences and similarities in anthropometric measures were the same at 5 and 11 y of age. The LBW children had higher systolic (mean difference 3.2 mmHg; 95% CI -0.6 to -0.3) but similar diastolic blood pressure. A higher proportion of LBW children had decreased visual acuity and hearing impairment. Forty per cent of LBW children had neurodevelopmental impairments, compared to 20% of NBW children (OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.5 to 4.5). CONCLUSION: At 11 y of age, survivors of moderately low birthweight without major handicaps may have generally good health, but are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairments.

Anthropometry↗
PubMed1983

Plasma protease inhibitors in premature infants: influence of gestational age, postnatal age, and health status.

In newborn infants, the influence of gestational age (GA), postnatal age (PA), and health status on the plasma protease inhibitors alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M), alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-AT), C1 esterase inhibitor (C1E-INH), alpha 2-antiplasmin (alpha 2-AP), and antithrombin III (AT-III) was investigated. Inhibitor levels were measured by radial-immunodiffusion and expressed as a percentage of pooled plasma from adults (mean +/- SEM). In total, 54 premature infants (28-36 weeks gestation) were classified at birth as healthy (N = 22) (IV fluids, antibiotics only) or sick (N = 32) (all other support, but excluding infants with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC] and studied on Days 1 and/or 7 of life. Healthy term infants (N = 18) and infants with DIC (N = 10) were studied on Day 1 only. All inhibitors except C1E-INH increased with increasing gestational age (P less than 0.01). In healthy premature infants all inhibitor levels reached the normal adult range by 1 week of age. In contrast, at 1 week of age, sick infants had lower levels of alpha 2-M and alpha 2-AP, and higher levels of alpha 1-AT compared to healthy infants (P less than 0.01). The presence of DIC depressed all of the inhibitors on Day 1 except alpha 1-AT when compared to healthy controls (P less than 0.01). Thus, gestational age, postnatal age, and health status all significantly influenced the levels of these plasma protease inhibitors.

Antithrombin III↗